日本血吸虫乳酸脱氢酶(SjLDH)结构与功能的生物信息学分析

目的 应用生物信息学分析软件预测日本血吸虫乳酸脱氢酶（SjLDH）氨基酸序列的结构与功能。 方法 应用NCBI、Expasy等在线生物信息学网站及Vector NTI、PCgene等软件包分析SjLDH与其他物种的同源序列，进行多序列同源比对，分析相同的保守位点及催化活性位点，构建分子进化树；预测二级结构、拓扑结构；同源模建预测三级结构；预测主要抗原表位等。 结果 SjLDH与其他物种的同源序列含相同的保守位点及催化活性位点，与华支睾吸虫LDH（CsLDH）同源性最高为75％，与阴道毛滴虫LDH（TvLDH）同源性最低为17%，与人LDH（HsLDH-A，-B，-C）的同源性为58%~60％； SjLDH与果蝇（DmLDH）的进化距离较秀丽隐杆线虫（CeLDH）为近，3种人LDH中与HsLDH-B、-C的进化距离较HsLDH-A为近；该蛋白具有3个跨膜区域，3个高亲水性区域，主要的线性表位98aa~106aa位于膜外，与原虫LDH相同区域差异显著，而与其他LDH有1~3个氨基酸的差异，关键催化位点之一及底物丙酮酸结合区域位于该区域，蛋白质同源模建分析表明该区域位于蛋白表面形成环状结构，3个关键催化位点位于该区域或在其附近。 结论 生物信息学预测结果提示LDH是研究物种分子进化理想的分子；SjLDH可能是免疫诊断、药物作用及疫苗潜在的靶分子。     

脊髓损伤后早期小鼠肠道功能的变化

目的探讨脊髓损伤后短期内小鼠肠道功能的变化。方法将105只昆明种小鼠随机分为正常组(A组,n=30)、假手术组(B组,n=30)和模型组(C组,n=45)。A组不作处理,B组仅暴露脊髓,不夹持。C组采用动脉瘤夹夹持T10处脊髓,复制脊髓损伤模型。分别于术后12 h、24 h、48 h测定小鼠回肠肌电慢波及平滑肌收缩力,并做回肠HE染色。结果脊髓损伤后12 h、24h、48 h,C组小鼠肌电频率和振幅低于A组和B组(P0.05),收缩力振幅低于A组和B组(P0.05),但24 h、48 h后收缩力频率高于A组和B组(P0.05)。C组各时间点肠黏膜评分均较A组和B组高(P0.05)。结论小鼠脊髓损伤后早期,肠道平滑肌肌电活动减弱,收缩力减小,肠黏膜轻度损伤。     

Spatial and temporal differences of HMGB1 expression in the pancreas of rats with acute pancreatitis

We aimed to investigate the spatial and temporal differences in expression between HMGB1 and early-stage inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α) in pancreas tissue in rats with acute pancreatitis. SD rats (BW 350 ± 30 g, n = 48) were randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 36) which were injected with 5% sodium taurocholate into the bilipancreatic duct retrogradely to produce acute necrotic pancreatitis (ANP) rat models, and the sham-operated (SO) group (n = 12) injected with equal dose of saline. The rats were sacrificed at different time points at 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h post modeling, respectively. The peripheral blood amylase and different inflammatory factors in ANP rats at different time points were detected by ELISA, and the expression of HMGB1 in the pancreatic tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and Q-PCR methods. Results showed that the serum amylase in the ANP model rats was significantly higher than the sham-operated group (P < 0.05). The early inflammatory factors (IL-1, TNF-α and IL-6) increased quickly at 3 h after the model induction, reached the peak level at 6 h (higher than SO group, P < 0.05), then decreased at 12 h, and at 24 h the levels were lower than those at 12 h (P < 0.05). The HMGB1 level in the pancreatitis tissue did not change significantly at 3 h and 6 h (P > 0.05), however, it increased remarkably at 12 h, and maintained up to 24 h (P > 0.05). As a late inflammatory factor, the expression of HMGB1 in acute pancreatitis was obviously later than the early inflammatory factors IL-1, TNF-α and IL-6. HMGB1 may play a key role in maintaining the development of the acute pancreatitis.     

微RNA与心房颤动发病机制的研究进展

心房颤动(房颤)是临床心血管疾病最常见的心律失常之一,其发病率随年龄的增长而显著增加,具有高住院率、高致残率和高病死率的特征,其发病机制尚不完全清楚。近年来研究发现,微RNA参与基因转录后水平的调控,在心血管系统主要参与调控心血管系统的发育和多种心血管疾病的病理生理过程,与房颤的发生、发展密切相关,其具体机制主要是通过参与调节和心脏重构相关的靶基因而导致房颤。     

腹水浓缩回输治疗失代偿期肝硬化患者肾血流和血清血管活性因子水平的变化

目的 研究腹水浓缩回输治疗失代偿期肝硬化患者疗效及对肾血流和血清血管活性因子的影响。方法 2016年5月～2018年5月收治的102例失代偿期肝硬化患者,其中60例接受腹水浓缩回输治疗,42例接受常规治疗,观察2 w。使用超声检测肾主动脉(MRA)、叶间动脉(IRA)和段动脉(SRA)收缩期最大血流速度和舒张期最低血流速度,检测血清内毒素(LPS)、血栓素(TX)、白三烯(LT)、醛固酮(ALD)和心钠肽(ANP)水平。结果 在治疗2 w末,观察组24 h尿量为(1864.9±206.5)ml,显著多于对照组【(1050.7±186.2)ml,t = 5.366,P = 0.000】;观察组腹水消退时间为(13.8±4.5)d,显著短于对照组【(20.3±8.0)d,t = 5.011,P = 0.000】;观察组MRA、IRA和SRA肾血管收缩期最大血流速度分别为(75.5±9.0)cm/s、(37.2±4.4)cm/s和(56.4±5.7)cm/s,显著快于对照组;观察组舒张期最低血流速度分别为[(25.7±3.6)cm/s、(16.3±3.1)cm/s和(14.9±2.7)cm/s,显著快于对照组;观察组血清LPS、TX、LT和ALD水平分别为(10.6±1.8)pg/ml、(95.2±14.5)pg/ml、(88.4±7.7)pg/ml和(189.6±12.4)pg/ml,均显著低于,而血清ANP水平为(347.1±60.4)ng/L,显著高于对照组【分别为(13.2±2.1)pg/ml、(104.5±18.7)pg/ml、(94.7±8.5)pg/ml、(198.7±15.8)pg/ml和(271.3±44.7)ng/L,P < 0.05】。结论 采取腹水浓缩回输治疗失代偿期肝硬化患者近期消退腹水作用明显,可能与改善了肾血流量,调节了血管活性因子水平有关。     

Examination of fabrication conditions of acrylate-based hydrogel formulations for doxorubicin release and efficacy test for hepatocellular carcinoma cell

The objective of the present study was to develop 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate-co-polyethylene methacrylate [p(HPMA-co-PEG–MEMA)] hydrogels that are able to efficiently entrap doxorubicin for the application of loco-regional control of the cancer disease. Systemic chemotherapy provides low clinical benefit while localized chemotherapy might provide a therapeutic advantage. In this study, effects of hydrogel properties such as PEG chains length, cross-linking density, biocompatibility, drug loading efficiency, and drug release kinetics were evaluated in vitro for targeted and controlled drug delivery. In addition, the characterization of the hydrogel formulations was conducted with swelling experiments, permeability tests, Fourier transform infrared, SEM, and contact angle studies. In these drug-hydrogel systems, doxorubicin contains amine group that can be expected a strong Lewis acid–base interaction between drug and polar groups of PEG chains, thus the drug was released in a timely fashion with an electrostatic interaction mechanism. It was observed that doxorubicin release from the hydrogel formulations decreased when the density of cross-linking, and drug/polymer ratio were increased while an increase in the PEG chains length of the macro-monomer (i.e. PEG–MEMA) in the hydrogel system was associated with an increase in water content and doxorubicin release. The biocompatibility of the hydrogel formulations has been investigated using two measures: cytotoxicity test (using lactate dehydrogenase assay) and major serum proteins adsorption studies. Antitumor activity of the released doxorubicin was assessed using a human SNU398 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. It was observed that doxorubicin released from all of our hydrogel formulations which remained biologically active and had the capability to kill the tested cancer cells.     

A rare combination of vascular variations of both kidneys

Bilateral variations of renal vessels were encountered during the dissection of a 54-year-old male cadaver. There were triple renal arteries bilaterally, double renal veins on the right, and an unusual formation of renal vein on the left side. A bilateral occurrence of triple renal arteries has not been encountered in the literature, so does an incidence. Additional renal vessels have the potential to cause clinical complications such as hydronephrosis. Their existence has utmost importance in surgical and radiological interventions and radiological examinations.