Research and Application of Adlay in Medicinal Field

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) adlay has been used as a dietary supplement to promote health and treat various ailments for thousands of years.The effective and safe ingredients of TCM could be used as sources for developing new drugs.This paper reviews the main research and application of adlay seed in medicinal field in the following aspects:botanical resource,ethnopharmacological function,chemical constituents,pharmacology and pharmacokinetics,safety evaluation and toxicity,and clinical application.We hope that the review could help researchers mine the scientific values of adlay seed,innovative drug design,provide the guidance for the application in clinical therapy,and enhance the academic level and clinical efficacy of adlay seed.     

Incorporation of the fluoroless C-Arm Trainer at the American Urological Association hands on training percutaneous renal access

Objectives

To assess for usefulness and validity evidence for incorporating the C-Arm Trainer (CAT) simulator into the annual AUA hands on course for training percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials and methods

The course started with a didactic session followed by four stations for training the “bull’s eye” technique using the CAT simulator. Each station included a pre-test, 30-min practice on the simulator, and post-test. All participants were assessed using a 4-item checklist. All participants were asked to fill in a qualitative self-assessment questionnaire after the pre- and the post-test, and respond to a course evaluation questionnaire and post-course survey.

Results

A total of 38 physicians, who attended the hands on course, voluntarily participated in the study. Only 21.1% had previous practice on PCNL simulators. Compared with the results of the checklist total score and the qualitative self-assessment questionnaire scores after the pre-test, there was significant improvement in the checklist total score (p < 0.001), temporal demands (p = 0.003), situational stress (p = 0.003, and performance (0.003) after the post-test. A total of 14 (36%) participants responded to the course evaluation questionnaire, 50% evaluated the course as excellent, 28.6% as very good, and 21.4% as good. Unfortunately, only five (13%) participants responded to the post-course survey, 4/5 implemented the new competencies and knowledge into their practice, and 3/5 have attempted to obtain fluoroscopic guided PCA without assistance.

Conclusion

The CAT simulator was considered useful for training the percutaneous renal access procedure. There was significant improvement in the qualitative and quantitative assessment parameters after the post-test compared with the pre-test.

     

Remebot机器人辅助下立体定向脑组织活检术的护理配合

目的总结Remebot机器人辅助下立体定向脑组织活检术的护理配合方法。方法对19例患者行Remebot机器人辅助下立体定向脑组织活检术,其护理配合包括完善术前准备,合理布局手术间、正确安置体位、术中密切监护等,术后加强仪器设备的管理、特殊器械的维护和保养等。结果 19例均顺利完成手术,手术时间28~48min,平均35.5min;术后无一例发生并发症。结论 Remebot机器人辅助下立体定向脑组织活检术是一种高效、精准的新型手术方式,充分的术前准备、高质量的手术配合以及妥善的术后处理是手术成功的重要保证。