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31.
von den Driesch P; Bhardwaj R; Flad HD; Neugebauer DC; Pielken HJ; Urbanitz D; Kolsch E 《Blood》1989,74(1):430-436
An immunoglobulin M (IgM)-positive cell line, Ms 28, apparently spontaneously transformed by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was established from peripheral blood cells of a patient with immature myeloblastic leukemia. It has been characterized according to phenotype, cytochemistry, and membrane antigen pattern. The cell line expresses lymphoid markers like CD 19, CD 22, and CD 30 and synthesizes and secretes IgM. Monocyte markers CD 11c, CD 14, and CD 15 are absent. Neither interleukin-1 (IL-1), nor tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) are produced. But Ms 28 cells show strong phagocytic activity and engulf Latex particles and sheep RBCs (SRBCs) that need not to be opsonized. The phagocytic activity can be inhibited by chloroquine. Both phagocytosis and EBV nuclear-antigen (EBNA) expression can be observed in one and the same cell. Ms 28 cells might be useful to study immunologic activities like antigen processing and presentation. 相似文献
32.
Aven‐mediated checkpoint kinase control regulates proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy in conventional osteosarcoma 下载免费PDF全文
Zuzanna Baranski Tijmen H Booij Anne‐Marie Cleton‐Jansen Leo S Price Bob van de Water Judith VMG Bovée Pancras CW Hogendoorn Erik HJ Danen 《The Journal of pathology》2015,236(3):348-359
Conventional high‐grade osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma, with relatively high incidence in young people. In this study we found that expression of Aven correlates inversely with metastasis‐free survival in osteosarcoma patients and is increased in metastases compared to primary tumours. Aven is an adaptor protein that has been implicated in anti‐apoptotic signalling and serves as an oncoprotein in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. In osteosarcoma cells, silencing Aven triggered G2 cell‐cycle arrest; Chk1 protein levels were attenuated and ATR–Chk1 DNA damage response signalling in response to chemotherapy was abolished in Aven‐depleted osteosarcoma cells, while ATM, Chk2 and p53 activation remained intact. Osteosarcoma is notoriously difficult to treat with standard chemotherapy, and we examined whether pharmacological inhibition of the Aven‐controlled ATR–Chk1 response could sensitize osteosarcoma cells to genotoxic compounds. Indeed, pharmacological inhibitors targeting Chk1/Chk2 or those selective for Chk1 synergized with standard chemotherapy in 2D cultures. Likewise, in 3D extracellular matrix‐embedded cultures, Chk1 inhibition led to effective sensitization to chemotherapy. Together, these findings implicate Aven in ATR–Chk1 signalling and point towards Chk1 inhibition as a strategy to sensitize human osteosarcomas to chemotherapy. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
33.
目的:探索可早期预测严重败血症病人死亡的临床和实验室指标或系统模型。方法:对ICU连续收治的26例严重败血症病人行前瞻性观察28天,分析其死亡的相关临床和实验室指标。结果:共有14人(54%)死亡,多死于第1周内(74%)。根据循环中的细胞间粘附分子-1水平能早期预测其脏器衰竭和死亡。一些临床指标水平在死亡病人与生存病人之间差别较大,其中包括血总胆红素、pH值、红细胞压积、氧合指数、动静脉血氧差、四项SIRS指标和一些血流动力学指标等。结论:综合上述指标可以尝试建立起了一个能够早期评估病人死亡可能性的积分系统。 相似文献
34.
背景和目的:最近的研究结果表明,对其他一线药物和注射类药物(如卡那霉素、卷曲霉素)等耐药是影响耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)患者治疗效果的独立危险因素.本研究旨在明确耐其他一线药物和注射类药物对韩国不合并人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的MDR-TB患者临床疗效的影响.方法:采用回顾性队列研究分析1996年1月至2005年12月首尔国家大学附属医院治疗的211例MDR-TB患者治疗效果,排除7例丢失和7例迁出,对197例患者进行了最终分析. 相似文献
35.
HJ Maas M Danhof & OE Della Pasqua 《Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache》2009,29(7):772-780
In migraine, headache severity varies with age. As a consequence, the effectiveness of medication may also depend on a patient's age. The purpose of this study was to assess the combined effect of age and drug treatment on headache characteristics. Using data from clinical trials of sumatriptan in adolescents and adults, we show how the interaction between age and drug exposure can be parameterised as a covariate on a Markov model that describes the decline of headache severity over three clinically defined stages (no relief, relief and pain-free status). The model explains important clinical observations: (i) the rates at which the pain relief and pain-free status were attained were found to be inversely related to age; (ii) in placebo-treated patients, the mean transit time from 'no relief' to 'relief' is 3 h for young adolescents and increases to 6 h for patients aged ≥ 30 years; and (iii) sumatriptan reduces the transit time to 2 h, irrespective of age. These findings indicate that the therapeutic gain over placebo increases with age. Prospective studies of antimigraine drugs should take this relationship into account when extrapolating efficacy data from adults to adolescents. 相似文献
36.
37.
HJ Greten ;T Greten ;F Brazklewlcz ;F Schroder ;S Sertel ;M Goncalves ;Wendt ;O Karrer ;A Mafalda ;A Remppis 《针灸推拿医学(英文版)》2008,6(5):272-272
Objective: The guiding criteria are considered the backbone of Chinese medicine. They have previously been described as functional features (symptoms) leading to the overall assessment of human functions on the basis of a regulatory (cybernetic) model referring to the I Ging. Methods: The Heidelberg model can explain symptoms such as created by "heat" on a rational physiological level. Results & Conclusion: The overall of physiological symptoms are shown as a schematic draft. The basis of "heat" is considered to be a general increase of microcirculation in the periphery. This leads to a couple of local pathophysiological consequences and sensations like 1) red tongue (the tongue is considered an embryological somatotopic system). 2) Sensation of warmth (by increase of capillary flow). 3) pre-inflammatory state, leading to pain modalities like "worse if pressed", as inflammations tend to be increasingly painful under pressure; 4) reddish skin, the mechanisms by which this is induced may include the release of substance P, therefore accompanied by burning sensation. Systemic pathophysiological consequences may include. Relative lack of fluid in the larger vessels, as fluid supplies peripheral capillary flow. This may lead to water saving mechanisms like thirst, dry mucosa with do, mouth, dry nose, dry lips, dry skin, and also dry stool, yellow and sparse urine. 相似文献
38.
Flucytosine: a review of its pharmacology, clinical indications, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and drug interactions 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Flucytosine (5-FC) is a synthetic antimycotic compound, first synthesized in 1957. It has no intrinsic antifungal capacity, but after it has been taken up by susceptible fungal cells, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which is further converted to metabolites that inhibit fungal RNA and DNA synthesis. Monotherapy with 5-FC is limited because of the frequent development of resistance. In combination with amphotericin B, 5-FC can be used to treat severe systemic mycoses, such as cryptococcosis, candidosis, chromoblastomycosis and aspergillosis. Recently, 5-FC has been combined with newer azole antifungal agents; it also plays an important role in a new approach to the treatment of cancer. The severe side effects of 5-FC include hepatotoxicity and bone-marrow depression. In most patients, these side effects are concentration dependent, predictable, possibly avoidable with close monitoring to maintain 5-FC concentrations at <100 mg/L, and reversible with drug discontinuation or reduction of dose. 5-FC is well absorbed after oral administration, penetrates into body tissues well and is excreted mainly by the kidneys. In renal failure, major dose adjustments have to be made. The most important drug interaction of 5-FC occurs with concomitant administration of 5-FC and nephrotoxic drugs, especially amphotericin B. Owing to the crucial role of glomerular filtration in 5-FC elimination, drugs that impair this mechanism will decrease the elimination of 5-FC and thus prolong its half-life. 相似文献
39.
M Size ES Borgstein HJ Haisma 《Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi》2005,17(1):12-14
The intensive care unit at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) has 4 beds and offers level 2 care. A retrospective audit of all admissions to the unit during 2002 was carried out. There were a total of 339 admissions giving a bed occupancy rate of 82 %. Surgical patients made up 81 % of admissions. 45% of all admissions were ventilated. Overall mortality was 38%. Ventilated patients had a mortality of 71% compared with 10% for non-ventilated. Data are also presented for mortality within the surgical and paediatric surgical admissions. 相似文献
40.
G J Groeneveld H J van Kan J S Tora?o J H Veldink H J Guchelaar J H Wokke L H van den Berg 《Journal of the neurological sciences》2001,191(1-2):121-125
All patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are treated with the same dose of riluzole: 50 mg twice daily. Reasonably large interindividual differences in clearance of the drug have been reported. The relatively small group of patients with high blood concentrations of riluzole has probably primarily influenced the efficacy and the incidence of side-effects in the previously conducted clinical trials with riluzole. Individual dosing of the drug may, in the case of large interindividual differences in serum concentrations of the drug, be necessary in the future. Exact data concerning the plasma and serum concentrations of riluzole in patients with ALS, after standardized intake of the drug, diet and blood sampling are unknown so far. In this study, inter- and intraindividual variability of serum and plasma levels of riluzole in 21 patients with "probable" or "definite" ALS were determined. The interindividual variability of peak serum levels (coefficient of variation=74%) was significantly larger than intraindividual variability (p<0.001). Serum levels were not correlated with age or smoking status. The determination of a correlation between riluzole serum concentrations and survival of patients with ALS will be the aim of further studies. 相似文献