The correlation of ureaplasma urealyticum infection with infertility

Summary. A prevalence study of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection of the male genital tract was carried out in Shanghai between March 1992 and June 1995. Significantly higher frequency of UU infection was found among infertile males (549/1416) as compared to fertile controls (34/375). Examination of 8 specimens each from infertile men and fertile subjects by electron microscopy, immunogold and immunofluorescence techniques, demonstrated adhesion of Ureaplasma urealyticum to the membrane of spermatozoa and exfoliated germ cells. In addition, gold particles on Ureaplasma urealyticum were found to be adhered to the sperm surface in 4 of the 8 samples. Strong specific anti-UU fluorescence was detected in 6 of 8 samples, mainly on the midpieces and post-acrosomal regions of the spermatozoa.
To further study the effects of Ureaplasma urealyticum on fertility, 47 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were infected artificially with Ureaplasma urealyticum serotype 8 (T960). Morphological changes in the seminiferous tubules were observed 3–5 weeks after inoculation in the sacrificed animals. Dramatic impairment of spermatogenesis of both testes was found in 11 rats. Mating experiment confirmed infertility in 12 of 40 rats. Offsprings of the infected rats were significantly smaller than those of controls in terms of prenatal weights and birthweights.     

"气口独为五脏主"探析--《内经》脉学探析之二

在回顾《内经》、《难经》关于“气口独为五脏主”论述的基础上，指出：气口诊脉可测知全身气血盛衰、胃气的强弱、经脉的变动、五脏六腑的功能状态，以及外邪入侵后，人体疾病的阴阳、表里、虚实、寒热等变化。强调“气口诊脉”至今仍是中医诊脉的主要方法之一。     

可调式外固定器治疗髌骨骨折50例报告

目的：介绍一种可调式外固定器，用于髌骨骨折的固定，可以早期功能锻炼。方法：既可开放复位穿针外固定，也可在透视下闭合穿针外固定。结果：本组50例，优28例，良20例，差2例。结论：该固定器操作简单，损伤小，免除第二次手术取固定器，是髌骨骨折外固定较佳器械。     

口服耐受的机制及其在自身免疫病治疗中的应用

口服耐受是指口服蛋白引起的一种免疫低反应状态。自Ｗｅｌ１ｓｌ９１１年首先报道这种现象以来，口服耐受引起了广泛关注，大量研究者发现给动物饲服蛋白质或绵羊红细胞后，再次消化道外免疫时，动物对这些抗原不再具有良好的反应性，而对其它抗原的反应正常［１］。免疫...     

Mutational analysis of familial and sporadic hyperekplexia

Hyperekplexia is a rare, autosomal dominant neurological disorder characterized by hypertonia, especially in infancy, and by an exaggerated startle response. This disorder is caused by mutations in the ?1 subunit of the inhibitory glycine receptor (GLRA1). We previously reported two GLRA1 point mutations detected in 4 unrelated hyperekplexia families; both mutations were at nucleotide 1192 and resulted in the replacement of Arg²⁷¹ by a glutamine (R271Q) in one case and a leucine (R271L) in the other. Here, 5 additional hyperekplexia families are shown to have the most common G-to-A transition mutation at nucleotide 1192. Haplotype analysis using polymorphisms within and close to the GLRA1 locus suggests that this mutation has arisen at least twice (and possibly four times). In 2 additional families, a third mutation is also presented that changes a tyrosine at amino acid 279 to a cysteine (Y279C). Five patients with atypical clinical features and equivocal or absent family history of hyperekplexia and 1 patient with a classical presentation but no family history are presented in whom a mutation in the GLRA1 gene was not detected. Thus, only clinically typical hyperekplexia appears to be consistently associated with GLRA1 mutations, and these affect a specific extracellular domain of the protein.     

注射吸毒致破伤风的临床特点及分析

目的探讨注射吸毒致破伤风的诊断与治疗。方法回顾性分析了9例注射吸毒者破伤风的临床资料。结果9例注射吸毒致破伤风的病人中,5例治愈,4例死亡,死亡原因:3例因呼吸肌痉挛和分泌物过多阻塞呼吸道窒息死亡,1例因呼吸衰竭死亡。结论注射后皮肤和软组织感染可认为是引起破伤风外伤伤口。注射吸毒破伤风应按重症破伤风处理。及时气管切开或气管插管机械辅助呼吸可降低死亡率。     

偏头痛药物治疗的现状及进展

本文综述常用抗偏头痛药物的药理学特点及临床应用。新药舒马坦具有理想的选择性抗偏头痛活性,布托啡烷等的经鼻喷雾用药系统为以前不能接受治疗的偏头痛患者提供一种新的给药途径,这些新的或正在 研究中的疗法将给临床医师提供治疗偏头痛患者更广泛的选择手段。     

Contribution of redox-active iron and copper to oxidative damage in Alzheimer disease

Metal-catalyzed hydroxyl radicals are potent mediators of cellular injury, affecting every category of macromolecule, and are central to the oxidative injury hypothesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis. Studies on redox-competent copper and iron indicate that redox activity in AD resides exclusively within the neuronal cytosol and that chelation with deferoxamine, DTPA, or, more recently, iodochlorhydroxyquin, removes this activity. We have also found that while proteins that accumulate in AD possess metal-binding sites, metal-associated cellular redox activity is primarily dependent on metals associated with nucleic acid, specifically cytoplasmic RNA. These findings indicate aberrations in iron homeostasis that, we suspect, arise primarily from heme, since heme oxygenase-1, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of heme to iron and biliverdin, is increased in AD, and mitochondria, since mitochondria turnover, mitochondrial DNA, and cytochrome C oxidative activity are all increased in AD. These findings, as well as studies demonstrating a reduction in microtubule density in AD neurons, suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction, acting in concert with cytoskeletal pathology, serves to increase redox-active heavy metals and initiates a cascade of abnormal events culminating in AD pathology.