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91.
Summary The velocity field and the wall shear stress have been calculated numerically by the finite element method to the time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations for pulsatile flow in a model of an aneurysm. The results show a complex flow field with two eddies growing and disappearing during the cardiac cycle. Downstream at the outlet vessel high wall shear stress occurs, which may lead to a downstream-growing of the aneurysm.With the knowledge of a sufficiently accurate flow field, the calculation of several particle paths has been carried out. Starting points and starting time are varied. The paths demonstrate the time-dependent development, shift and disappearance of vortices during the pulsatile cycle and provide hints on zones of stasis. These are significant factors in thrombogenesis.Supported by the Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, project number P4671 相似文献
92.
Rennert G Almog R Tomsho LP Low M Pinchev M Chaiter Y Bonner JD Rennert HS Greenson JK Gruber SB 《Diseases of the colon and rectum》2005,48(12):2317-2321
PURPOSE The probability of colorectal cancer is moderately increased among carriers of the APC I1307K polymorphism. However, it is not known if endoscopic surveillance of this high-risk group is warranted. The prevalence
of polyps and adenomas in specimens of colorectal cancer who are carriers and noncarriers of the APC I1307K polymorphism is compared.
METHOD Prevalence of adenomatous polyps in the pathology specimens of the study participants, stratified by their APC I1307K polymorphism status, was studied in 900 consecutive cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed in northern Israel between
1998 and 2002, within the framework of a population-based, case-controlled study (MECC Study).
RESULTS The APC I1307K mutation was detected in 78 colorectal cancer cases (8.7 percent) of the study population. Prevalence was higher among
Ashkenazi Jews (11.2 percent) than among non-Ashkenazi Jews (2.7 percent) or Arabs (3.1 percent). After adjustment for age,
APC I1307K carriers were significantly more likely than noncarriers to have polyps in their surgical specimen (51.3 percent vs. 32.6 percent, P = 0.002). Adenomas with a tubular component (either tubular adenomas or tubulovillous adenomas), but not villous adenomas,
were significantly more frequent among carriers (37.2 percent vs. 23.6 percent, P = 0.005).
CONCLUSION Together with former evidence of I1307K being a risk factor for colorectal cancer, these data suggest that colonoscopic surveillance
for colorectal adenomas and cancer may be warranted in I1307K carriers, even in the absence of other identifiable risk factors.
Supported by the National Institutes of Health grant RO1-CA81488 to S.B.G. and G.R. 相似文献
93.
Tanja Telieps Frida Ewald Marcus Gereke Michaela Annemann Yvonne Rauter Marc Schuster Nana Ueffing Dorthe von Smolinski Achim D. Gruber Dunja Bruder Ingo Schmitz 《European journal of immunology》2013,43(6):1499-1510
Dysregulation of apoptosis caused by an imbalance of pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic protein expression can lead to cancer, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases. Cellular‐FLIP (c‐FLIP) proteins inhibit apoptosis directly at the death‐inducing signaling complex of death receptors, such as CD95, and have been linked to apoptosis regulation during immune responses. While the isoforms c‐FLIPL and c‐FLIPS are well characterized, the function of c‐FLIPR remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate the induction of endogenous murine c‐FLIPR in activated lymphocytes for the first time. To analyze c‐FLIPR function in vivo, we generated transgenic mice expressing murine c‐FLIPR specifically in hematopoietic cells. As expected, lymphocytes from c‐FLIPR transgenic mice were protected against CD95‐induced apoptosis in vitro. In the steady state, transgenic mice had normal cell numbers and unaltered frequencies of B cells and T‐cell subsets in lymphoid organs. However, when challenged with Listeria monocytogenes, c‐FLIPR transgenic mice showed less liver necrosis and better bacterial clearance compared with infected wild‐type mice. We conclude that c‐FLIPR expression in hematopoietic cells supports an efficient immune response against bacterial infections. 相似文献
94.
Reut Gruber Merrill S. Wise Sonia Frenette Bärbel Knäauper Alice Boom Laura Fontil Julie Carrier 《International journal of psychophysiology》2013
Recent studies have suggested that sleep is associated with IQ measures in children, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. An association between sleep spindles and IQ has been found in adults, but only two previous studies have explored this topic in children. The goal of this study was to examine whether sleep spindle frequency, amplitude, duration and/or density were associated with performance on the perceptual reasoning, verbal comprehension, working memory, and processing speed subscales of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV). We recruited 29 typically developing children 7–11 years of age. We used portable polysomnography to document sleep architecture in the natural home environment and evaluated IQ. We found that lower sleep spindle frequency was associated with better performance on the perceptual reasoning and working memory WISC-IV scales, but that sleep spindle amplitude, duration and density were not associated with performance on the IQ test. 相似文献
95.
Regina M. Young Daniel Ackerman Zachary L. Quinn Anthony Mancuso Michaela Gruber Liping Liu Dionysios N. Giannoukos Ekaterina Bobrovnikova-Marjon J. Alan Diehl Brian Keith M. Celeste Simon 《Genes & development》2013,27(10):1115-1131
Solid tumors exhibit heterogeneous microenvironments, often characterized by limiting concentrations of oxygen (O2), glucose, and other nutrients. How oncogenic mutations alter stress response pathways, metabolism, and cell survival in the face of these challenges is incompletely understood. Here we report that constitutive mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity renders hypoxic cells dependent on exogenous desaturated lipids, as levels of de novo synthesized unsaturated fatty acids are reduced under low O2. Specifically, we demonstrate that hypoxic Tsc2−/− (tuberous sclerosis complex 2−/−) cells deprived of serum lipids exhibit a magnified unfolded protein response (UPR) but fail to appropriately expand their endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to inositol-requiring protein-1 (IRE1)-dependent cell death that can be reversed by the addition of unsaturated lipids. UPR activation and apoptosis were also detected in Tsc2-deficient kidney tumors. Importantly, we observed this phenotype in multiple human cancer cell lines and suggest that cells committed to unregulated growth within ischemic tumor microenvironments are unable to balance lipid and protein synthesis due to a critical limitation in desaturated lipids. 相似文献
96.
Stephan Listabarth Benjamin Vyssoki Thomas Waldhoer Andrea Gmeiner Sandra Vyssoki Andreas Wippel Victor Blüml Maria Gruber Daniel Knig 《European psychiatry》2021,64(1)
BackgroundOlder adults exhibit heightened vulnerability for alcohol-related health impairments. Increases in the proportion of older adults within the European Union’s total population and prevalence rates of alcohol use disorders in this age group are being observed. This large scale international study was conducted to identify those older adults with an increased risk to engage in hazardous drinking behaviour.MethodsSocio-demographic, socio-economic, personality characteristics (Big Five Inventory, BFI-10), and alcohol consumption patterns of 13,351 individuals from 12 different European countries, collected by the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe, were analyzed using regression models.ResultsAge, nationality, years of education, as well as personality traits, were significantly associated with alcohol intake. For males, extraversion predicted increased alcohol intake (RR = 1.11, CI = 1.07–1.16), whereas conscientiousness (RR = 0.93, CI = 0.89–0.97), and agreeableness (RR = 0.94, CI = 0.90–0.99), were associated with a reduction. For females, openness to new experiences (RR = 1.11, CI = 1.04–1.18) predicted increased alcohol intake. Concerning excessive drinking, personality traits, nationality, and age-predicted consumption patterns for both sexes: Extraversion was identified as a risk factor for excessive drinking (OR = 1.15; CI = 1.09–1.21), whereas conscientiousness was identified as a protective factor (OR = 0.87; CI = 0.823–0.93).ConclusionHazardous alcohol consumption in the elderly was associated with specific personality characteristics. Preventative measures, crucial in reducing deleterious health consequences, should focus on translating the knowledge of the association of certain personality traits and alcohol consumption into improved prevention and treatment. 相似文献
97.
Feher Balazs Frommlet Florian Lettner Stefan Gruber Reinhard Nemeth Letizia Elisabeth Ulm Christian Kuchler Ulrike 《Clinical oral investigations》2021,25(11):6093-6099
Clinical Oral Investigations - With only limited information available on dimensional changes after jaw cyst surgery, postoperative cyst shrinkage remains largely unpredictable. We aimed to propose... 相似文献
98.
Isabella Gruber Ursel Heudorf Guido Werner Yvonne Pfeifer Can Imirzalioglu Hanns Ackermann Christian Brandt Silke Besier Thomas A. Wichelhaus 《International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM》2013,303(8):405-409
Colonization/infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae, is an increasing problem not only in hospitals but also in long-term care facilities. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence as well as the risk factors of colonization/infection with MRSA, VRE, and ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae in geriatric clinics, nursing homes, and ambulant care in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 288 patients from 2 geriatric clinics (n = 46), 8 nursing homes (n = 178), and 2 ambulant care facilities (n = 64) as well as 64 staff members were screened for MDRB in the time period from October 2006 to May 2007. 58 patients (20.1%) and 4 staff members (6.2%) were colonized with MDRB. Among patients, 27 (9.4%) were colonized with MRSA, 11 (3.8%) were screened positive for VRE, and 25 (8.7%) were found to be colonized with ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae. Prevalence of MDRB in geriatric clinics, nursing homes, and ambulant care facilities were 32.6%, 18.5%, and 15.6%, respectively. Significant risk factors for MDRB were immobility (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.5–4.9; p = 0.002), urinary catheter (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.7–5.9; p < 0.001), former hospitalization (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–4.0; p = 0.033), and wounds/decubiti (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.5–4.9; p = 0.03). Finally, the high level of MDRB in geriatric clinics, nursing homes, and ambulant care points to the importance of these institutions as a reservoir for dissemination. 相似文献
99.
100.