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11.
A longitudinal study of maternal serum inhibin-A, inhibin-B, activin-A, activin-AB, pro-alphaC and follistatin during pregnancy 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
Fowler PA; Evans LW; Groome NP; Templeton A; Knight PG 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(12):3530-3536
Maternal serum concentrations of inhibin-A, inhibin-B, activin-A,
activin-AB, pro-alphaC-related inhibin forms, total follistatin, steroids
and gonadotrophins were measured longitudinally in six normal singleton
pregnancies. Maternal venous blood was collected randomly during a
spontaneous follicular phase prior to donor insemination, at 5, 7, 9, 11,
16, 20, 24, 28, 32 and 36 weeks after the first missed menses and in the
early puerperium. Steroid and gonadotrophin profiles conformed to previous
reports. While at week 5 of gestation inhibin-A, activin-A and follistatin
concentrations were similar to those at the follicular phase, all three
increased progressively (P < 0.001) to maximal concentrations in week
36: approximately 48-fold (3740 +/- 1349 ng inhibin-A/ml), approximately
22-fold (6109 +/- 1443 ng activin-A/ml) and approximately 10-fold (3563 +/-
418 ng follistatin/ml) higher. Pro- alphaC concentrations reached a maximum
in weeks 5 (approximately 5- fold, P < 0.001) and 36 (1027 +/- 174
pg/ml, P < 0.01). Inhibin-B (71 +/- 23 pg/ml prior to pregnancy) was
undetectable (<12 pg/ml) between week 5-16 of gestation but increased
slightly in the third trimester (26 +/- 7 pg/ml in week 36). Activin-AB was
undetectable throughout pregnancy. Post-partum concentrations of inhibin-A
(41 +/- 12 ng/ml), inhibin-B (<12 pg/ml), activin-A (950 +/- 149 pg/ml),
pro-alphaC (128 +/- 22 pg/ml) and follistatin (990 +/- 79 ng/ml) were
substantially lower than at week 36 of gestation. The activin-A:follistatin
ratio increased from 0.5 in week 5 to 1.8 in week 36, suggesting that more
free activin-A is available in the maternal circulation during late
pregnancy.
相似文献
12.
The effect of gonadotrophins with differing LH/FSH ratios on the secretion of the various species of inhibin in women receiving IVF 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fawzy M Harrison RF Knight PG Groome N Anderson A Robertson WR Lambert A 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2001,16(6):1092-1097
We have measured secretory patterns of inhibin A, B, total alpha inhibin, pro-alphaC inhibin and oestradiol in women following pituitary suppression who were randomised into two groups to receive either urinary gonadotrophin (25:75 IU/ampoule of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH; Normegon; n = 11) or recombinant (r)FSH (75 IU/ampoule of FSH alone, n = 16). The women were of similar age (approximately 33 years) and length of infertility (approximately 4 years) and had a normal endocrine evaluation. Plasma FSH, LH, oestradiol, inhibin A, B, pro-alphaC and total alpha inhibin were measured by immunoassay prior to and following gonadotrophin stimulation. Immunoactive FSH, LH and oestradiol blood concentrations following pituitary down regulation were similar in the two groups being <2.0, <3.6 IU/l and <82 pmol/l respectively. The units of FSH given (2230 versus 2764 IU; Normegon versus rFSH), duration of treatment (9.1 versus 9.4 days) and number of follicles of > or =14mm on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration (17 versus 14) were also similar. Inhibin A or B concentrations rose similarly during Normegon or rFSH administration, peaking at days 9-11. Total alpha and pro-alphaC inhibin concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in the rFSH group during days 10 and 11 of treatment being 18.9 +/- 15.9 ng/ml (Normegon) and 4.6 +/- 2.8 ng/ml (rFSH) for total alpha inhibin and 8.5 +/- 6.8 ng/ml (Normegon) and 2.8 +/- 1.6 ng/ml (rFSH) for pro-alphaC inhibin on day 10. Overall, higher total alpha inhibin concentrations were associated with more mature follicles and oocytes, greater fertilization rates and better quality embryos. We conclude that inhibin A and B secretion was similar in both groups and is primarily controlled by FSH, whereas total alpha inhibin and pro-alphaC increased preferentially in the Normegon group over the rFSH group, indicating that they are, in part, stimulated by LH. 相似文献
13.
Internet网上细胞凋亡研究的信息资源及其利用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
0 引言 Internet网上含有丰富的信息资源 ,科研人员可以通过 Internet网了解其所研究领域的最新发展动态 ,获取全面和系统的科研信息 ,有利于进行学术交流[1 ] .然而网上信息浩如烟海 ,当检索某一专门领域的资料时 ,有时无从下手 .我们在科研实践中对 Internet网上主要的细胞凋亡研究信息资源及其查找方法进行了归纳 .1 细胞凋亡专业网站1. 1 The Cell death society (http:/ / www.celldeath-apoptosis.org) 为美国细胞死亡学会主办 ,概括了细胞凋亡和程序性细胞死亡研究的各个领域 ,包括与细胞凋亡有关的各种疾病 .可以免费注册… 相似文献
14.
Hypospadias trends in two US surveillance systems 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
OBJECTIVE: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly, the cause of which is unknown. Unexplained increases in the rates of hypospadias occurred in five European countries in the 1970s and 1980s. We examined data from two birth defects surveillance systems in the United States for evidence of similar trends. METHODOLOGY: The Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP) provided birth prevalence rates from 1968 to 1993. The nationwide Birth Defects Monitoring Program (BDMP) provided rates from 1970 to 1993. MACDP data are population-based and could be categorized by the severity of the hypospadias. BDMP data allowed analysis of rate trends for the four census regions of the United States. RESULTS: Data from both surveillance systems showed an approximate doubling of hypospadias rates in the 1970s and 1980s. MACDP data showed that the rate of severe cases increased while the ratio of mild to severe cases decreased. BDMP data showed that hypospadias rates increased markedly in all four regions of the United States. CONCLUSIONS: The observed increases are unlikely to be attributable to increased sensitivity of the surveillance systems or the identification of more mild cases by physicians over time, because either trend would have increased rather than decreased the ratio of mild to severe cases. If real, these trends represent the largest number of cases and the first report of an increase in hypospadias rates outside of Europe. Additional investigation of a possible increase in hypospadias rates is warranted. 相似文献
15.
Black tea and mammary gland carcinogenesis by 7,12- dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in rats fed control or high fat diets 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Epidemiological studies suggest that tea may reduce cancer risk, and in
laboratory rodents, chemopreventive effects of tea or purified extracts of
tea have been demonstrated in lung, gastrointestinal tract and skin. There
is some evidence of chemoprevention by tea in the mammary gland, but the
data are not conclusive. In order to evaluate more fully the possible
influence of black tea on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced
mammary gland tumors in the female S-D (Sprague-Dawley) rat, three large
studies were performed: experiment 1, tumorigenesis in rats fed AIN-76A
diet and given 25 mg/kg DMBA and 1.25 or 2.5% whole tea extract or water to
drink; experiment 2, tumorigenesis in rats given 15 mg/kg DMBA and the same
diet and fluids as in experiment 1; experiment 3, tumorigenesis in rats fed
control or HF (high fat, corn oil) diet and given 15 mg/kg DMBA and 2% tea
or water to drink. Tea was given throughout the experiment; DMBA was given
by gastric gavage at 8 weeks of age. There was no consistent effect of tea
on tumorigenesis in rats fed AIN-76A diet; there was, however, evidence in
experiment 3 of a reduction of tumorigenesis by tea in rats fed the HF
diet. In experiment 3, rats fed the HF diet and given water showed the
expected increase in tumor burden (number and weight) compared with rats
fed control diet. However, rats fed the HF diet and given 2% tea showed no
increase in tumor burden; their tumor burden was significantly lower than
in rats fed the HF diet and given water (P < 0.01) and was not different
from rats fed control diet and given water or tea. In addition, in
experiment 3, the number of malignant tumors per tumor- bearing rat was
increased by the HF diet in water-drinking rats (P < 0.01) but not in
tea-drinking rats. Therefore, it appears that tea partially blocked the
promotion of DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis by the HF diet.
相似文献
16.
Yang Gu David F Lewis Yanping Zhang Lynn J Groome Yuping Wang 《Hypertension in pregnancy》2006,25(3):169-182
OBJECTIVE: Endothelial dysfunction is associated with increased oxidative stress in the vascular system in women with preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive disorder occurring during human pregnancy. However, due to the nature of the disease, direct evidence of increased endothelial oxidative stress in the maternal vascular system at an in vivo situation is still lacking. We previously reported that primary cultured endothelial cells (ECs) from umbilical cords (HUVECs) from pregnancies complicated by PE exhibit phenotypic changes compared to those from normal pregnancies such as reduced eNOs expression associated with disorganized endothelial junction protein distribution and increased endothelial permeability. In this study, we sought to determine whether increased oxidative stress was also present in primary cultured HUVECs from women with PE. METHODS: HUVECs were isolated from normal and PE pregnancies and EC oxidative stress was examined by superoxide generation using positive nuclear dihydroethidium (DHE) staining as an indicator. Since Hsp90 is believed to have protective effects on endothelial function, we also determined mRNA and protein expression for Hsp90. Using Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA), we further determined the potential role of Hsp90 in superoxide generation, eNOs expression, and prostacyclin production of altered EC function associated with PE pregnancies. RESULTS: We found that primary cultured ECs from PE pregnancies showed an increase in DHE positive cells, p < 0.01. Hsp90 protein expression was significantly decreased in ECs from PE compared with that from normal pregnancies, p < 0.05. Inhibition of Hsp90 by GA resulted in an increase in superoxide generation and a decrease in eNOs protein expression. Decreased prostacyclin production was also found in ECs treated with GA. CONCLUSION: These in vitro HUVEC data suggest that increased endothelial oxidative stress may also occur in the fetal compartment during preeclampsia. 相似文献
17.
Zhao P Cao J Zhao LJ Qin ZL Ke JS Pan W Ren H Yu JG Qi ZT 《第二军医大学学报》2006,27(5):506-506
The nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is the key protein for the formation of the helical nucleocapsid during virion assembly. This protein is believed to be more conserved than other proteins of the virus, such as spike and membrane glycoprotein. In this study, the N protein of SARS-CoV was expressed in Escherichia coli DHSalpha and identified with pooled sera from patients in the convalescence phase of SARS. A plasmid pCI-N, encoding the full-length N gene of SARS-CoV, was constructed. Expression of the N protein was observed in COS1 cells following transfection with pCI-N. The immune responses induced by intramuscular immunization with pCI-N were evaluated in a murine model. Serum anti-N immunoglobutins and splenocytes proliferative responses against N protein were observed in immunized BALB/c mice. The major immunoglobulin G subclass recognizing N protein was immunoglobulin G2a, and stimulated splenocytes secreted high levels of gamma interferon and IL-2 in response to N protein. More importantly, the immunized mice produced strong delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and CD^8+ CTL responses to N protein. 相似文献
18.
Interruption of the contrast column during inspiration can lead to non‐diagnostic CT pulmonary angiograms. The importance of this artefact will increase with more CT studies being performed for pulmonary embolism on multidetector row CT. We describe here an instance of such an artefact and discuss its aetiology. 相似文献
19.
We report a case of an assisted pregnancy in an asymptomatic woman who was found to have an extrauterine mass on ultrasound and MRI. This complex mass had equivocal imaging features and was found to be a ruptured ovarian ectopic pregnancy at surgery. This case illustrates that vigilance is required regarding the possibility of coexisting ectopic and intrauterine pregnancy following assisted conception, even in entirely asymptomatic cases. 相似文献
20.
Determination of malondialdehyde-induced DNA damage in human tissues using an immunoslot blot assay 总被引:3,自引:4,他引:3
Leuratti C; Singh R; Lagneau C; Farmer PB; Plastaras JP; Marnett LJ; Shuker DE 《Carcinogenesis》1998,19(11):1919-1924
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a product of lipid peroxidation and prostaglandin
biosynthesis. It is mutagenic and carcinogenic and the major adduct formed
by reaction with DNA, a highly fluorescent pyrimidopurinone (M1-dG), has
been detected in healthy human liver and leukocyte DNA. Analytical methods
used so far for the detection of M1- dG have not been applied to a large
number of individuals or variety of samples. Often, only a few microg of
DNA from human tissues are available for analysis and a very sensitive
assay is needed in order to detect background levels of M1-dG in very small
amounts of DNA. In this paper, the development of an immunoslot blot (ISB)
assay for the measurement of MI-dG in 1 microg of DNA is described. The
limit of detection of the assay is 2.5 adducts per 10(8) bases. A series of
human samples were analysed and levels of 5.6-9.5 (n = 8) and 3.1-64.3 (n =
42) of M1-dG per 10(8) normal bases were detected in white blood cell and
gastric biopsy DNA, respectively. Results on four human samples were
compared with those obtained using an HPLC/32P-post- labelling (HPLC/PPL)
method previously developed and indicated a high correlation between M1-dG
levels measured by the two assays. The advantages of ISB over other assays
including HPLC/PPL, such as the possibility of analysing 1 microg
DNA/sample and the fact that it is less time-consuming and laborious, means
that it can be more easily used for routine analysis of a large number of
samples in biomonitoring studies.
相似文献