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11.
In 1984, in addition to its standard traditional curriculum, Rush Medical College (Chicago, Ill) developed a Socratic problem-based method of teaching basic science material called the alternative curriculum. As part of an evaluation of this new curriculum, students in the two curricula were compared using three traditional measurements: (1) test scores from the National Board of Medical Examiners, Part I; (2) test scores from the National Board of Medical Examiners, Part II; and (3) performance on an oral examination. Alternative curriculum students did not differ significantly from their traditional curriculum classmates on National Board of Medical Examiners, Part I and Part II total scores, although their subset scores on Part I did tend to be lower, reaching significance in one subset area. Differences in performance favoring the traditional curriculum were primarily seen in the early years of the program. Alternative curriculum students in the class matriculated in 1987 scored significantly higher in three of five categories on the oral examination. 相似文献
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N W Goodman 《Journal of medical ethics》1991,17(4):179-180
Lewis and Charny have come under siege for suggesting remote questioning to decide appropriate medical care. While the criticisms are theoretically valid, the idea is so important practically that Lewis and Charny should be supported and their approach investigated as a way of making medical treatment at least more open and possibly more fair. 相似文献
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ZQ Yin MD SG Crewther PhD B Pirie BSc DP Crewther PhD 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》1997,25(4):107-109
Purpose: It was investigated whether alterations in neuronal structure and function occasioned by strabismic amblyopia also may be reflected in alterations in the expression on Y type neurons of a Cat-301 antibody sensitive antigen in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and cortex of our cat model of strabismic amblyopia. Methods/Results: The percentage of positively labelled cells was reduced in LGN laminae that received input from the deviated eye in strabismic amblyopic cats compared with normal cats. In the strabismic cortex, the density of immunopositive neurons was significantly reduced compared with normal, the effect being most pronounced in layer IV Conclusions: Despite previous physiological recordings indicating a decrease in X-cell associated acuity in strabismic amblyopia, the present findings imply that the changes in the early visual experience occasioned by strabismus also produce specific molecular changes in theY neuronal class. 相似文献
19.
Symptomatic and Clinical Improvement in Morbidly Obese Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Background: Patients who suffer with gastroesophageal reflux Disease (GERD) endure a worsening of symptoms as their weight
increases. When medical treatment of this condition in the morbidly obese patients fails, surgical intervention may be indicated.
Choosing a procedure which not only helps achieve weight control but which also relieves symptoms and complications of GERD
is the goal. We present a review of patients who have undergone Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGBP) and related procedures for
this disease. Methods: One hundred eighty-eight patients undergoing surgery for morbid obesity and for GERD in 1992-1996 were
contacted by mail or phone. All of these patients had undergone preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy to grade the severity
of their disease. Their preoperative symptoms were compared to those experienced postoperatively. Results: One hundred thirty
patients underwent a RYGBP with modified Hill fundopexy, 22 patients underwent a distal gastrectomy with modified Hill fundopexy,
8 patients underwent distal gastrectomy alone and 28 patients underwent RYGBP alone. There have been no deaths. There were
nine surgical complications, eight early and one at 2.5 years postoperation. Follow-up is 4-48 months. The average BMI dropped
from 43 to 30.2 kg/m2. Whereas all patients were on some form of medical therapy before surgery, only 14 reported the need for medication postoperatively.
Conclusions: Surgical intervention for weight control and treatment of GERD has been highly successful in our experience both
with respect to weight control and to the reduction of reflux symptoms. Depending upon endoscopic and operative findings a
RYGBP with or without an antireflux procedure can provide dramatic improvement. Gastrectomy with antireflux modifications
is appropriate in selected cases. 相似文献
20.
Lamiya Samad Chris Hollis Martin Prince Robert Goodman 《International journal of methods in psychiatric research》2005,14(4):230-230
The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 2005; Vol.14, No.3, 158–166. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献