Smoothing the mosaic subclinical melanoderma by calcipotriol

BACKGROUND: The observation of photo-exposed skin under ultraviolet light reveals a mosaic pattern of varying intensity in epidermal melanization. Several patterns of mosaic subclinical melanoderma (MSM) have been described using a specially designed CCD camera and the ultraviolet light-enhanced visualization (ULEV) method. Vitamin D(3) and its analogues influence the biology of keratinocytes and melanocytes. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of calcipotriol on MSM. METHODS: This randomized split-face study was conducted in 27 men to compare the effect of once daily applications of 5% calcipotriol cream or a moisturizing cream on the heterogeneity of facial MSM. Computerized image analysis of video images was used at 1-month intervals before and during a 2-month treatment, as well as during a 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: At both sites, the average melanin content of the epidermis showed no significant change over time. However, the mottled appearance was smoothened at the calcipotriol site, whereas it was increased at the site receiving the moisturizer. CONCLUSION: The decreased heterogeneity in MSM after calcipotriol applications suggests a control of the epidermal melanocyte unit by the vitamin D(3) derivative.     

红景天对高原去势大鼠骨质疏松症的血清IL-6、TNF-α和尿DPD影响

目的:探讨高原高寒地区低氧环境去势大鼠骨质疏松症与血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和尿脱氧吡啶酚(DPD)的关系及红景天预防骨质疏松的作用。方法:选用Wistar雌性大白鼠75只,分别摘除卵巢或假性去卵巢。分为A组(假手术组),B组(切除卵巢组),C组(切除卵巢 尼尔雌醇组),D组(切除卵巢 红景天混合饲料组),E组(切除卵巢 红景天浸液组)。每组15只,术后在海拔3100m青海海北州地区饲养,术后3个月处死,应用放免方法测定血清IL-6、TNF-α和化学发光法测定尿中DPD含量。结果:B组血清IL-6、TNF-α和尿DPD含量显著高于A、C、D、E组。C、D、E组血清IL-6、TNF-α和尿DPD含量与A组比较差异无显著性统计学意义。结论:红景天的抗高原骨质疏松症的作用可能与降低血清IL-6、TNF-α含量和尿中DPD浓度有关。     

Comparative study of renal sodium transport between ouabain-hypertensive rats and ouabain-nonhypertensive rats

Objective: To compare renal sodium transport, using fractional excretions of lithium(FELi) as a marker of proximal tubule sodium reabsorption, between hypertensive and non-hypertensive ouabain-treated rats and further to elucidate the role of ouabain in pathogenesis of hypertension. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 180-200 g were randomly divided into normal control group and ouabain treated group. Rats were infused with 1 ml/kg·d normal saline or 27. 8μg/kg·d ouabain in-traperitoneally once a day respectively. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate and body weight were recorded weekly. Rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after treatment. Blood and 24-hour urine sample were collected to measure the serum and urinary concentration of sodium, trace lithium and creatinine. Endogenous creatinine clearance rate(Ccr), fractional excretions of sodium (FENa), fractional excretions of lithium (FELi) and fractional reabsorption of sodium in the postproximal tubules (FDRNa) were calculated. Ouabain levels of plasma and renal tissue, plasma renin activity, angiotensin I and aldosterone concentration were determined. Results: 65% of the ouabain-treated rats achieved significantly higher SBP after 4 weeks, compared with that of the saline control groups or self baseline (P<0. 01). But in the other 35% of the ouabain-treated rats, their SBP was similar with control group during the experiment (P>0. 05). The body weight, heart rate and food intake between the 3 groups were no significant differences (P> 0. 05). FELi and FDRNa were significantly lower in ouabain-hypertensive group compared with ouabain-non-hypertensive group and control group(P<0. 01 and P<0. 05). The FEu and FDRn, of ouabain-nonhyper-tensive groups were similar with control group(P>0. 05). Ccr and FENa were comparable between the 3 groups (P>0. 05). Plasma and renal tissue ouabain levels, plasma renin activity, angiotensin I and aldosterone contents in ouabain-hypertensive rats were comparable with ouabain-nonhypertensive rats. Conclusion: Increase of proximal tubule sodium reabsorption play an important role in the pathogenesis of ouabain-hypertensive rats. The change of renal sodium transport may result from regulation to renal Na+ , K + -ATPase by ouabain.     

中国维和部队士兵性观念和性心理的调查研究

目的:掌握中国维和部队士兵性观念和性心理状况,力图加以正确引导和心理干预。方法:在维和任务中期,采用自编问卷,对314名中国驻利比里亚维和士兵进行性观念和性心理方面的调查。结果:超过90%的士兵性知识来源于自学,部分士兵性知识相对缺乏,通过集训的学习,仍有77%的战士对“艾滋病”有恐惧感。与未婚士兵相比,已婚士兵显示出更成熟的性心理(P<0.05);而性观念上差异没有显著性(P>0.05)。结论:针对不同群体进行有效的心理干预和心理疏导,能让士兵理智地对待自己的性欲和愿望,把性能量升华为内在的工作动力,创造性地开展维和工作。     

Risk of acquiring influenza A in a nursing home from a culture-positive roommate.

Influenza A was cultured in 62 double rooms. The roommate was infected in 12 (19.4%). During 3,294 resident-seasons, influenza was cultured in 208 single rooms (6.3%). Those who lived in double rooms with a culture-positive roommate had a 3.07 relative risk (CI95, 1.61-5.78) of acquiring influenza.     

心率及重建相位窗对多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影图像质量的影响

目的 探讨心率及重建相位窗对多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影图像质量的影响。方法 80例健康体检者行16层螺旋CT回顾性心电门控条件下冠状动脉造影。结果 每位患者的4条冠状动脉分支(左冠状动脉主干、左前降支、左回旋支、右冠状动脉)分别用于图像质量分析。心率≤60次／min者，有82．1％(46／56支)的图像可用于诊断；心率61～70次／min者，有63．4％(104／164支)的图像可用于诊断；心率71～80次/min者，有41．20h，(28／68支)的图像可用于诊断；心率80次／min以上者有31．2％(10／32支)的图像可用于诊断。左冠状动脉前降支在60％～70％的重建相位窗时图像质量最佳，左冠状动脉回旋支在50％～60％时最佳，右冠状动脉重建相位窗为50％～70％较满意。结论心率及重建相位窗对多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影图像质量有重要影响作用。     

白细胞介素-12基因再修饰基因瘤苗免疫小鼠的脾细胞过继治疗肝癌

目的　探讨白细胞介素 (IL) 2和B7 1双免疫基因转染肝癌细胞瘤苗免疫小鼠后获得的脾淋巴细胞经mIL 12基因修饰后治疗小鼠肝癌的可行性和疗效。方法　用 2 0 0PFU 细胞滴度的重组腺病毒载体 (Adv)将人IL 2和B7 1基因共同转染小鼠肝癌Hepal 6细胞株 ,经 80mg L丝裂霉素 (MMC)处理制备成肝癌细胞瘤苗 ,免疫同系小鼠后分离其脾淋巴细胞 (SLC) ,转染mIL 12基因 (Adv滴度 2 0 0PFU 细胞 )后注射入直径 1cm的小鼠皮下移植肝癌内 ,观察抗瘤效果。结果　转mIL 12基因SLC治疗组小鼠瘤体增加值最小 ( 0 .0 8± 0 .0 5 )cm3,与各对照组比差异有显著性 [(转染BGFP基因SLC、未转染SLC和生理盐水注射组分别为 ( 3 .46± 0 .15 ) ,( 3 .5 6± 0 .2 3)和( 8.12± 0 .5 4)cm3,P <0 .0 5 ]。结论　IL 2和B7 1双基因修饰肝癌瘤苗诱导小鼠产生的免疫脾淋巴细胞可能成为一种新的过继免疫治疗效应细胞及携带IL 12基因的载体细胞 ;基因治疗、特异性主动免疫和过继性细胞免疫治疗结合将有更优越的抗瘤效果。     

Conservative surgery and radiation therapy in black women with early stage breast cancer. Patterns of failure and analysis of outcome.

Between 1977 and 1986, 75 black and 615 white women with American Joint Committee (AJC) Stages I and II breast cancer were treated with excisional biopsy, axillary dissection, and radiation therapy for breast conservation. Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil, with and without prednisone and tamoxifen, was given to 92% of premenopausal, 83% of perimenopausal, and 63% of postmenopausal node-positive women; 20 of 106 (19%) postmenopausal node-positive women received tamoxifen only. The clinical characteristics of the similarly treated patients were compared. The 5-year actuarial local only first failure rate was 5% for black women and 6% for white women (P = 0.53). Regional only failure as the first site of failure was 9% for blacks versus 1% for whites (P = 0.002), with regional recurrence as any component of first failure being 16% for blacks and 4% for whites (P = 0.001). The supraclavicular fossa was identified as the primary site of regional recurrence in black patients with either pathologically positive or negative axillae. Distant metastases as the only site of first failure were significantly greater in the black population with a 20% 5-year actuarial failure rate versus 11% in white patients (P = 0.01). The 5-year actuarial overall survival for the black patients was 82% versus 91% for the white patients (P = 0.01), with no-evidence-of-disease (NED) survival being 64% and 83% (P = 0.0002) and relapse-free survival (RFS) being 61% and 77% (P = 0.01), respectively. Black patients younger than 40 years of age or with pathologically positive axillary nodes had significantly worse NED, RFS, and overall survival compared with similarly staged white patients. Cosmetic results were analyzed at 3 and 5 years after completion of therapy. Although significantly fewer black patients had an excellent-to-good cosmetic result at 3 years compared with white patients, the results were not significantly different at 5 years. These results show that appropriately selected black patients with early stage breast cancer have excellent local control after conservative surgery and radiation therapy and should continue to be offered breast preservation as an alternative to mastectomy. Patterns of failure, however, demonstrated higher regional and distant recurrence rates and lower NED, RFS, and overall survival rates in most subsets of black patients reviewed.     

肥胖青少年代谢紊乱特点的研究

目的：探讨青少年肥胖代谢紊乱的特点。方法：将41例正常体重者和88例单纯性肥胖者，分成青少年组与成人组，观察血瘦素(leptin)、空腹血糖(FBS)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA—IR)、血三酰甘油(TG)、总胆同醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、载脂蛋白AI(apoAI)和载脂蛋白B(apoB)等指标的变化。结果：肥胖青少年和肥胖成人的Leptin、FINS、HOMA—IR、TC、TG、LDL、apoB等均显著地升高，而HDL、apoAI均显著性降低。与肥胖成人组相比．肥胖青少年组的FINS、HOMA—IR升高更明显，而脂代谢紊乱却较轻。肥胖青少年组的leptin水平与FINS、HOMA—IR、体重指数和腰嗣正相关，与HDL负相关。肥胖成人女性组Leptin水平显著高于男性，肥胖青少年男女组间Leptin未见明显差异。结论：肥胖青少年代谢紊乱的特点为：存在明显的胰岛素抵抗和瘦素抵抗；脂代谢紊乱情况相对较轻；瘦素水平与FINS、HOMA—IR、HDL、体重指数和腰围相关；性别对瘦素的影响不明显。