P53与ras癌基因产物对直肠癌的诊断价值

目的提高直肠癌术前活检的诊断率。方法5年来手术治疗的168例直肠癌病人中,有20例（11．9％）第一次手术前活检不能明确诊断。对其中17例患者的活检组织石蜡标本（实验组）和10例正常肠粘膜活检标本（对照组）进行常规病理、P53与ras癌基因产物检测。结果实验组中P53与ras基因表达阳性率分别为71％与47％,阳性率均高于常规病理,有显著性差异。17例标本中,11例为不典型增生,5例仅有慢性炎症。不典型增生的P53与ras基因表达分别为11例和7例,而慢性炎症则全部为阴性。二者之间,两种基因表达阳性率均有显著差异。实验结果还显示P53与ras基因表达有较好的一致性。对照组的10例正常肠粘膜的活检标本P53与ras基因检测结果均阴性,与实验组比较,P53阳性率有显著差异。结论P53与ras基因表达检测,可以作为常规病理的补充,提高直肠良恶性病变的鉴别力。     

赛庚啶对大鼠胰岛B细胞内分泌功能的影响

目的　探讨赛庚啶对大鼠胰岛Ｂ细胞内分泌功能的影响。方法　应用放射免疫分析、生化分析法和电子显微镜研究赛庚啶（Ｃｙｐｒｏｈｅｐｔａｄｉｎｅ,Ｃｙｐ）对大鼠胰岛Ｂ 细胞内分泌功能的影响。结果　Ｃｙｐ ２．３ｍ ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）,灌胃给药,连续用药 １０ｄ 可引起大鼠血清胰岛素含量降低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）,而血糖水平则无显著改变。Ｃｙｐ ４．６ｍ ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）,不但引起血清胰岛素含量显著降低,而且使血糖水平显著升高（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。电镜观察,大鼠胰岛Ｂ 细胞超微结构亦呈退行性改变。结论　Ｃｙｐ 连续用药可抑制大鼠胰岛Ｂ 细胞的内分泌功能。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病继发急性呼吸衰竭机械通气治疗10例分析

目的：探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）所致急性呼吸衰竭行机械通气（ＭＶ）治疗的转归及其影响因素。方法：通过对１０例ＣＯＰＤ所致急性呼吸衰竭患者的资料分析,评价ＭＶ治疗的临床疗效。结果：９例２￣４２天内撤机并拔管存活。结论：适宜的ＭＶ参数调节,良好的呼吸道管理,预防感染和营养支持对尽早撤机非常重要,其预后较好。     

CART: from gene to function

CART was identified as a novel mRNA regulated by psychostimulant drugs. CART peptides appear to be neurotransmitters involved in a variety of functions such as feeding. The mouse gene has been characterized and localized to Chromosome 13. The processing of CART peptides is evident in Western blotting studies.     

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is reduced in permanent focal cerebral ischemic mouse brain using an adenoviral vector to induce overexpression of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

Our previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1ra) via gene transfer can reduce ischemic brain injury. However, the mechanism of action of IL-1ra in ischemia is unclear. Since interleukin-1 can up-regulate intercellular adhesion molecules in endothelium, the present study was designed to determine whether overexpression of the IL-1ra can reduce the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) after ischemic injury. Normal saline or adenovirus vector (1x109 particles) encoding the human IL-1ra gene (Ad.RSVIL-1ra) or the Escherichia coli LacZ gene (Ad.RSVlacZ) was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle of adult CD-1 mice. After five days, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was achieved for 24 h using an intraluminal suture. Cerebral blood flow was monitored by transcranial laser Doppler flowmetry to verify the occlusion. ICAM-1 protein was quantified using Western blot analysis and localized using immunohistochemistry. After MCAO, surface blood flow in the ischemic hemisphere was decreased to 9-11% of the baseline. There were fewer ICAM-1 positive vessels in the ischemic cortex of the Ad.RSVIL-1ra transfected mice than in the Ad.RSVlacZ transfected and saline treated mice (138+/-19 vs. 249+/-25, 284+/-22, p<0.05). Western blot analysis shows that ICAM-1 protein decreased 50-60% in the Ad. RSVIL-1ra group compared to the other two groups. There were no significant differences in the numbers of positive vessels in the ischemic basal ganglia and contralateral hemisphere among the three groups. Our studies suggest that IL-1ra overexpression can down-regulate the expression of ICAM-1 in the ipsilateral cortex in ischemic mice. Interleukin-1 may play an important role in the activation of inflammatory reaction during focal cerebral ischemia by promoting leukocyte adhesion on the endothelium cells.     

中俄,中哈边境地区莱姆病自然疫源地调查研究

目的：调查边境地区莱杂姆病和自然疫源地的状况。方法;对血清学、病原学、宿主、媒介,病例和地理景观方面进行调查。结果：用ＩＦＡ和ＥＬＩＳＡ法共检测人畜血清１５０１份,从１９９份人血清中检出抗体阳性１８份,阳性率为９．０５％,并发现莱姆病典型患者１５例;检查马血清２０份,阳性５份,阳性率为２５．００％;检查牛血清３９９份,阳性６９份,阳性率１７．２９％;检查羊血清８８３份,阳性１９９份,阳性率２２．５     

肺癌患者血清与支气管肺泡灌洗液四项放免肿瘤指标同步检测的结果分析

对３８例肺癌患者的血清和支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）同步进行ＣＥＡ、ＣＡ－５０、ＡＦＰ、ＳＦ的检测。结果显示：肺癌ＢＡＬＦ的ＣＥＡ浓度测值７３％明显高于血清中ＣＥＡ浓度;ＣＡ－５０浓度测值６８％高于血清;ＳＦ９２％明显低于血清中测值;而ＡＦＰ在肺癌患者无论血清及灌洗液中,阳性率均低于７％,但仍是ＢＡＬＦ的浓度测值敏感于血清。提示支气管肺泡灌洗液的ＣＥＡ、ＣＡ－５０与血清的同步检测是目前肺癌早期诊断的主要优选方法之一。     

敏感期内、末单眼斜视和剥夺猫视觉系统脑源性神经营养因子表达机理研究

目的观察和研究敏感期内、末不同时限单眼斜视
(monocularstrabismus,MS)和单眼剥夺(monoculardeprivation,
MD)幼猫视皮质、外侧膝状体的脑源性神经营养因子(brain
derivedneurotrophicfactor,BDNF)的可塑性变化。从形态学、分
子神经生物学角度探讨不同时限MS和MD幼猫视     

巩膜面直接缝线固定人工晶体术

探讨后房型人工晶体缝线固定植处的简易术式。方法采用不做巩膜瓣,直接在巩膜表面进出针。并将固定线直接缝扎在巩膜表面的方法对２９例行人工晶体缝线固定术,并对其追踪观察。     

Methadone-induced desensitization of the delta-opioid receptor is mediated by uncoupling of receptor from G protein.

Chronic exposure of neuroblastoma x glioma (NG108-15) hybrid cells and rat mu-receptor-transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to 10 microM morphine resulted in a compensatory and antagonist-precipitated increase in cAMP accumulation. However, incubation of these cells with 10 microM methadone during chronic exposure to morphine substantially prevented the actions of morphine. Chronic methadone treatment caused a pronounced reduction in agonist-stimulated binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to G proteins, but it did not produce significant down-regulation of delta-opioid receptors, whereas chronic morphine treatment failed to induce either uncoupling of delta-opioid receptors from G proteins or down-regulation of delta-opioid receptors. In contrast to chronic treatment with morphine alone, treatment of cells with morphine and methadone simultaneously resulted in a significant decrease in agonist-stimulated binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to G proteins. The action of methadone-mediated uncoupling of the receptor from the G protein was blocked by the nonselective protein kinase inhibitor [1-(5-isoqinolinesulfony)-2-methylpiprazine](H7), but not by the specific protein kinase C inhibitor, chelerythrine. The data demonstrate that methadone desensitizes the delta-opioid receptor by uncoupling the receptor from the G protein. In this way, methadone antagonizes the morphine-mediated adaptive sensitization and overshoot of adenylate cyclase. The functional desensitization of opioid receptors by methadone may explain why methadone is effective in the treatment of morphine dependence.