消渴颗粒剂质量标准的初步研究

采用薄层层析方法对我院糖尿病研究中心新制剂消渴颗粒剂中各药味分别进行了定性鉴别研究，意在为其质量控制提供参考。本研究确立了鬼箭羽、葛根、山茱萸、大黄的薄层鉴别条件，经阴性对照试验及样品实验观察，证明本实验方法可行。     

Modification of C.I. Pigment Red 146 with surfactants and graphene oxide

Organic pigments are important in a range of fields, from printing ink to industrial coatings. Azo pigments are some of the most common pigments in use today, but they typically have poor solvent solubility and tend to agglomerate. Consequently, the size and crystal structure of the pigment particles has a crucial effect on their optical and physical properties, such as color strength and solvent resistance, respectively. Several technologies, such as microreactors, have been developed to control pigment particle size, but an in-depth study of the effects of modification conditions on pigment properties (color, flowability, and solvent resistance) has not been reported to date. Therefore, in this paper, we report the surface modification of C.I. Pigment Red 146 particles using anionic (Igepon T) and non-ionic surfactants (Peregal O-25) and additives (DB-60 as the second diazo component and graphene oxide) on the pigment properties. In addition, we examined the effect of hydrothermal treatment at different temperatures on the same properties. The various modifications resulted in an increase in the solvent resistance, a reduction in the particle size (from 30.581 to 12.252 μm), a narrowing of the particle size distribution, and an increase in hydrophilicity. In addition, the color brightness and brilliance were significantly improved, and the maximum color strength reached 112.6%. These findings have applications for the development of pigments having enhanced color properties, solvent resistance, and processability.

The color properties and solvent resistance of modified Pigment Red 146 were obviously improved by adding surfactants and graphene oxide.     

Evaluation of physician experience in achieving non-perfused volume ratio of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for uterine fibroids: a multicentre study

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of different levels of physician experience on the high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of uterine fibroids and to provide a reference for the use of non-perfused volume ratio (NPVR) standards during training.MethodsThis prospective multicentre study enrolled patients with uterine fibroids. The effect of the physician’s level of experience on the outcomes under different NPVR standards and the learning curve of six centres without HIFU experience were analysed. The impact of patient demographic and clinical characteristics were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 1352 patients from 20 centres were included in the study. The median NPVRs were 92.00%, 88.10% and 92.86% in the no experience group, inexperienced group and experienced group, respectively. Posterior wall fibroids, lateral wall fibroids and fundus fibroids were inversely correlated with NPVR, while experienced physicians were positively correlated with NPVR. With NPVR ≥ 70% and NPVR ≥ 80% standards, physicians in the no experience group completed the learning curve on the 11th and 16th procedure, respectively. Physicians under a standard of an NPVR ≥ 90% did not complete the learning curve.ConclusionsNPVR ≥ 80% is a standard that is worth using for HIFU treatment of uterine fibroids.     

失效模式与效应分析在低能X线术中放疗的应用

目的:探讨失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)在低能X线术中放疗(IORT)中的应用,分析其在IORT中的潜在风险,初步探讨FMEA优化IORT管理、减少潜在风险发生的可行性。方法:由IORT团队(1名放疗科医生、1名放疗科物理师、2名外科医生、2名护士)成立FMEA工作小组,应用FMEA方法开展系统风险评估。确立流程模块,...     

半边旗中抗肿瘤成分6F的分离纯化

目的:分离纯化半边旗中抗肿瘤活性成分6F(即7β,9-二羟基-15-氧-对映-贝壳杉烷-16-烯-19,6β-内酯)。方法:采用二氧化碳超临界萃取、结晶与重结晶、硅胶柱层析方法进行分离、纯化6F;采用HPLC-MS、HPLC和TLC检测6F的纯度。结果:经HPLC和TLC检测,可以得到6F的纯化合物。结论:采用结晶与重结晶、硅胶柱层析方法,可有效纯化半边旗中抗肿瘤成分6F。     

抑郁症模型大鼠海马受体、离子通道基因表达谱变化及甘麦大枣汤加味的调节作用

目的:探讨抑郁症模型大鼠海马受体、离子通道基因表达谱变化及甘麦大枣汤加味的调节作用。方法:以孤养加慢性不可预见性温和刺激制作抑郁症模型大鼠,通过旷场行为测定和饮水试验观察大鼠行为学变化,采用基因芯片技术检测大鼠海马各类受体mRNA表达,RT-PCR法检测大鼠海马脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)mRNA表达。并以文拉法辛为对照,观察甘麦大枣汤加味对上述各项指标的影响。结果:模型组大鼠水平运动、垂直活动及糖水消耗量显著下降(P<0.01),海马单胺类(DA、5-HT、NE)、氨基酸类(NMDA、GABA、Gly)、神经肽类(AT、AVP)受体亚型表达下调,BDNF mRNA表达显著下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,甘麦大枣汤加味23g/kg与文拉法辛25mg/kg大鼠水平运动、垂直活动及糖水消耗量显著上升(P<0.01),海马单胺类(DA、5-HT、NE)、氨基酸类(NMDA、GABA、Gly)、神经肽类(AT、AVP)受体亚型表达上调,BDNF mRNA表达显著增加(P<0.01)。结论:甘麦大枣汤加味与文拉法辛可上调海马单胺类、氨基酸类、神经肽类受体亚型,改善细胞信号转导途径功能,增加BDNF表达,从而纠正模型大鼠行为学异常。     

由药品不良反应/事件看我院抗菌药物临床应用药物相关问题

摘 要 目的：对我院抗菌药物不良反应/事件（ADR/ADE）进行调查分析，探讨我院抗菌药物临床应用的药物相关问题(drug related problems，DRPs)，为我院抗菌药物的临床合理应用提供依据。方法：以我院2015年1月~2018年6月上报的242例抗菌药物相关ADR/ADE为研究对象，探讨其发生特点，同时采用DRPs分类法对抗菌药物使用的必要性、有效性、安全性进行评价研究。 结果：242例抗菌药物ADR/ADE病例中，女性多于男性，≥60岁患者占53.72%；共涉及9大类31个品种的药品，头孢菌素类构成比（47.93%）最高，左氧氟沙星和环丙沙星所致ADR/ADE病例最多，给药途径以静脉注射为主（94.63%）；严重ADR/ADE 22 例(9.09%)。涉及DRPs具体问题分类有DRP2、DRP3、DRP4、DRP5、DRP6，分别为5例、12例、5例、186例和34例。结论：应重视抗菌药物临床应用的DRPs，预防抗菌药物ADR/ADE的发生，促进抗菌药物安全合理应用。     

国外药品检查机构质量体系构建指南介绍及对我国的启示

目的:分析目前国际通行的药品检查机构质量管理体系要求,结合我国实际,为我国各级药品检查机构构建和完善质量管理体系提供建议.方法:通过文献研究法分析目前国际上对药品检查机构质量管理体系的要求,探究对我国构建药品检查机构质量管理体系的启示.结果 与结论:国际社会在质量管理体系的基础上,形成了更符合药品检查机构实际的构建指南...     

三棱丸抑制大鼠子宫内膜异位症血管生成及VEGF,TNF-α表达的研究

目的:考察三棱丸(SLW)抑制子宫内膜异位症(EMS)血管生成作用及机制。方法:以SLW作用于子宫内膜异位症大鼠模型,免疫组化方法检测异位内膜组织中微血管密度(MVD)、血管生成因子VEGF及TNF-α蛋白的表达,RT-PCR方法检测异位组织中VEGF mRNA和TNF-α mRNA的表达。结果:SLW能有效降低MVD,抑制异位内膜组织中VEGF,TNF-α蛋白和mRNA的水平。结论:SLW具有良好的抗EMS血管生成作用,其作用机制与抑制血管生成因子VEGF,TNF-α的水平有关。     

护肝益肺颗粒防治抗结核药所致肝损害的临床疗效观察

目的：观察护肝益肺颗粒防治抗结核药肝损害的临床疗效及对结核病的毒性症状的治疗作用。方法：随机选取住院肺结核患者646例，分为预防治疗组205例，预防对照组208例，空白对照组126例，肝损害治疗组52例，肝损害对照组55例。预防治疗组在进行抗痨治疗（异烟肼＋利福平＋吡嗪酰胺）基础上口服护肝益肺颗粒2个月（3次／d，4g／次）；空白对照组仅给抗痨治疗（药物同预防治疗组）2个月；预防对照组在进行抗痨治疗（药物同预防治疗组）基础上口服肝泰乐2个月（3次／d，0．2g／次）；肝损害治疗组用护肝益肺颗粒（3次／d，8g／次）保肝治疗1个月；肝损害对照组用齐墩果酸片（3次／d，20mg／次），护肝片（3次／d，4片／次）保肝治疗1个月。结果：预防治疗组药物性肝损害发生率1．9％，预防对照组药物性肝损害发生率4．8％，空白对照组药物性肝损害发生率7．1％。肝损害治疗组药物性肝损害治疗后显效76．5％，肝损害对照组药物性肝损害治疗后显效40％（P〈0．01）。肝损害治疗组与肝损害对照组两组药物性肝损害患者肝功能恢复及主要症状消失时间比较差异显著（P（0．01），护肝益肺颗粒对肝损害治疗组与肝损害对照组肺结核症状消失时间比较差异显著（P（0．01）。结论：护肝益肺颗粒对因服用抗结核药物引起的肝损害有防治作用，且对结核病的毒性症状有治疗作用。