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Rossi Jessica Cavallieri Francesco Giovannini Giada Budriesi Carla Gessani Annalisa Carecchio Miryam Di Bella Daniela Sarto Elisa Mandrioli Jessica Contardi Sara Meletti Stefano 《Neurogenetics》2019,20(3):161-164
neurogenetics - Autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) type 12 is a rare SCA characterized by a heterogeneous phenotype. Action tremor of the upper limbs is the most common presenting sign... 相似文献
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Metformin, a biguanide derivative, is the most commonly prescribed medication in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. More recently, the use of metformin has shown potential as a preventive and therapeutic agent for a broad spectrum of conditions, including liver disease and hepatic malignancies. In this systematic review, we critically analyze the literature behind the potential use of metformin across the spectrum of liver disease and malignancies. The PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE databases were searched from 2000 to March 2015, using a combination of relevant text words and MeSH terms: metformin and mammalian target of rapamycin, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis B virus (HCV), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or cholangiocarcinoma. The search results were evaluated for pertinence to the issue of metformin in liver disease as well as for quality of study design. Metformin has a number of biochemical effects that would suggest a benefit in treating chronic liver diseases, particularly in the context of insulin resistance and inflammation. However, the literature thus far does not support any independent therapeutic role in NAFLD or HCV. Nonetheless, there is Level III evidence for a chemopreventive role in patients with diabetes and chronic liver disease, with decreased incidence of HCC and cholangiocarcinoma. The use of metformin seems to be safe in patients with cirrhosis, and provides a survival benefit. Once hepatic malignancies are already established, metformin does not offer any therapeutic potential. In conclusion, there is insufficient evidence to recommend use of metformin in the adjunctive treatment of chronic liver diseases, including NAFLD and HCV. However, there is good evidence for a chemopreventive role against HCC among patients with diabetes and chronic liver disease, and metformin should be continued in patients even with cirrhosis to provide this benefit. 相似文献
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Paul Eggleton Lorna W. Harries Giada Alberigo Paul Wordsworth Nick Viner Richard Haigh Suzanne Donnelly Hugh W. Jones Ian C. Chikanza Thomas W. E. O’Conner Alasdair E. R. Thomson Paul G. Winyard 《Journal of clinical immunology》2010,30(5):649-658
Introduction
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis have complex genetic traits, but in both autoimmune diseases, dysfunctional apoptosis appears to play a part in disease pathology. This study examined the levels of in vitro apoptosis in lymphocytes from healthy, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and SLE individuals and related observed differences to their lymphocyte apoptosis gene profiles.Materials and Methods
Lymphocytes were assessed for cell death by nuclear pyknosis and DNA fragmentation. Control, SLE and RA apoptosis gene profiles were obtained by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) analysis.Results and Discussion
The mean levels of pyknosis in RA and SLE freshly isolated lymphocytes were significantly higher than in control lymphocytes. Ninety-three apoptosis genes were analysed by QRT-PCR of mRNA from RA, SLE and healthy lymphocytes. We identified significant differences (p?<?0.05) in the expression of the same 11 of 93 and two of 93 apoptotic genes in individual SLE and RA patients tested as compared with controls.Conclusion
We propose that similarly altered expression of specific apoptotic regulatory genes (e.g., the death effector domain-containing DNA-binding protein and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) occurs in the lymphocytes of individual patients with SLE or RA that may influence the extent and rate of spontaneous apoptosis in these autoimmune conditions. 相似文献96.
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Gynecologically, NBCCS is variously associated (14%-75% cases) to typically bilateral, multinodular, calcified, ovarian fibromas. We report 2 rare cases of unusually recurrent bilateral ovarian fibromas treated with conservative surgery. Preservation of the normal ovarian tissue is always recommended, even though there is the risk of recurrences, given the benign nature of the lesions and the young age of patients. 相似文献
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