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101.
J Mirnajafi-Zadeh M H Pourgholami M R Palizvan M Rostampour M Fallahi 《Epilepsy research》1999,37(1):37-43
Possible anticonvulsant effects of 2-chloroadenosine injected focally into the perirhinal cortex of amygdala kindled rats were investigated over a 2 h period. Animals were microinfused (1 microl) with 2-chloroadenosine (2-CLA; 5, 10, 15, 25 and 100 nM) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid applied through a cannula located in the perirhinal cortex. At the doses employed, 2-CLA significantly reduced afterdischarge duration and stage 5 seizure duration. The latency to stage 4 seizure was increased only at the highest dose of 2-CLA (100 nM), while even at this dose no significant change in seizure stage could be seen. The maximum effect of 2-CLA was obtained 30 min after microinfusion of the drug. Pre-treatment (intraperirhinal cortex) of animals with the nonselective adenosine antagonist, caffeine (50 microM; 1 microl), blocked the anticonvulsant activity of 2-CLA. These results suggest that adenosine receptors located in the perirhinal cortex may play an important role in the suppression of seizure activity elicited from the amygdala. 相似文献
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Albers P Siener R Härtlein M Fallahi M Haeutle D Perabo FG Steiner G Blatter J Müller SC;German TCC Study Group of the German Association of Urologic Oncology 《Onkologie》2002,25(1):47-52
OBJECTIVES: i) To evaluate objective response, toxicity, and quality of life (QoL) of gemcitabine monotherapy as second-line treatment in patients with cisplatin-refractory, metastatic transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). ii) To assess prognostic parameters for response to treatment and for improvement of QoL parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 30 patients were prospectively enrolled in this open-label, nonrandomized multicenter phase II trial. Patients received up to 6 courses of gemcitabine monotherapy (1,250 mg/m(2) on day 1 and 8 of a 21-day course). 28 of 30 patients were available for response evaluation. RESULTS: Objective response (OR) was seen in 3/28 (11%) of patients (2 complete remissions, 1 partial remission). The mean time to progression (TTP) was 4.9 +/- 3.5 months and mean disease-specific survival time was 8.7 +/- 4.7 months. 13 of 28 patients did not progress (OR + 10 stable diseases), and TTP (8.0 +/- 2.7 months, p < 0.001) as well as survival time (10.2 +/- 3.8 months, p < 0.05) differed significantly from those who showed progressive disease within 18 weeks of treatment. Pain values significantly improved in the group of responders from 4.3 +/- 1.9 to 5.8 +/- 1.3 points (p < 0.05). Response to cisplatin pretreatment was the best prognosticator for the response to gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS: Gemcitabine monotherapy as second-line treatment is justified in patients with metastatic TCC who are refractory to cisplatin treatment. Patients with initially OR to cisplatin benefit most from second-line treatment. QoL remains stable during treatment, and pain improves especially in patients with bone metastases. 相似文献
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Objective
Helicobacter pylori is considered as an important etiologic factor in pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease, chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
To eradicate this micro-organism, numerous regimens containing various antimicrobial agents have been suggested. However,
H pylori antimicrobial resistance is a leading factor to treatment failure and recurrence of the disease. The aim of the study
was to evaluate the prevalence of H pylori resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, erythromycin
and furazolidone in authors pediatric patients.
Methods Antral biopsy of all pediatric patients with negative history of receiving anti-H pylori regimen and endoscopic findings of
nodular gastritis or peptic ulcer without previous history of NSAID consumption, burning and trauma were performed for H pylori
histology, urease test and culture. All positive cultures were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility.
Results Twenty four patients (14 male and 10 female) between 3.5 and 14 years of age were culture positive. 54.16% of the isolates
were resistant to metronidazole, 8.33% to amoxicillin, 4.16% to erythromycin and 4.16% to clarithromycin. None of authors
patients were resistant to tetracycline and furazolidone.
Conclusion
H. pylori antimicrobial resistance could be a major contributor to failure of H pylori eradication. Continuous prospective surveillance
of H. Pylori is essential. Moreover, culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test is recommended for resistant cases after
the first failure to therapy. 相似文献
108.
Coexistence of rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis: difficulties encountered in the differential diagnosis of common manifestations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Two patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and sarcoidosis illustrate the dilemmas posed by their coexistence in the same patient. The first patient with classical RA developed iridocyclitis, interstitial lung disease and cranial neuropathies, initially attributed to extraarticular rheumatoid disease. Subsequent lung and skin biopsy revealed many granulomas consistent with sarcoidosis whereas synovium revealed changes typical for RA. In the second patient with cutaneous and pulmonary sarcoidosis development of persistent erosive polyarthritis and a subcutaneous nodule with typical pathology permitted the diagnosis of coexistent RA. These cases emphasize that uveitis alone or multiple cranial neuropathies are not features of RA and symptomatic interstitial lung disease in patients with RA warrants further investigation. 相似文献
109.
Khodayar Ghorban Maryam Dadmanesh Gholamhossein Hassanshahi Mohammad Momeni Mohammad Zare-Bidaki Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi Derek Kennedy 《Inflammation》2013,36(3):633-642
Hypersensitivity and autoimmunity are the main features of immune system-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), multiple sclerosis (MS), and asthma. It has been established that chemokines play key roles in the activation and regulation of immune cell migration which is important in the pathogenesis of the diseases mentioned. CC chemokines receptor 5 or CCR5 is a receptor for RANTES, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β and is expressed by several immune cells including NK cells, T lymphocytes, and macrophages. It plays key roles in the regulation of migration and activation of the immune cells during immune responses against microbe and self-antigens during autoimmunity and hypersensitivity disorders. Therefore, any alteration in the sequence of CCR5 gene or in its expression could be associated with immune system-related diseases. Previous studies revealed that a 32-base pair deletion (Δ 32) in exon 1 of the CCR5 gene led to downregulation of the gene. Previous studies demonstrated that not only CCR5 expression was altered in autoimmune and hypersensitivity disorders, but also that the mutation is associated with the diseases. This review addresses the recent information regarding the association of the CCR5 Δ 32 mutation in immune-related diseases including T2D with and without nephropathy, MS, and asthma. Based on the collected data, it seems that the CCR5 Δ 32 mutation can be considered as a risk factor for MS, but not asthma and T2D with and without nephropathy. 相似文献
110.
Mohammad Gholami Masoud Fallahi Khoshknab Sadat Seyed Bagher Maddah Fazlollah Ahmadi Hamidreza Khankeh 《Heart & lung : the journal of critical care》2014