HPLC法测定黄褐毛忍冬中绿原酸的含量

采用HPLC法测定黄褐毛忍冬中绿原酸含量.选用Luna C18色谱柱,柱温30℃,检测波长327nm,流动相为乙腈-0.4%磷酸(1387),体积流量1.0mL·min-1,绿原酸在10.49～125.9μg·mL-1范围内呈良好线性,r=0.9999,平均回收率98.3%.能有效控制黄褐毛忍冬质量,为黄褐毛忍冬质量标准提高提供试验依据.     

家庭因素对湖南省农村人群狂犬病暴露后疫苗接种的影响

目的了解湖南省农村人群狂犬病的暴露现状,探讨家庭因素对人群狂犬病暴露后疫苗接种的影响.方法采取多阶段抽样方法,在湖南省选取4个县20个乡镇40个村,每村选取部分村民参与家庭基本情况及暴露后疫苗接种的问卷调查,采用SPSS 17.0软件分析.结果共调查40个村864户3042名村民,自2009年1月至2010年10月共发现狂犬病暴露124人次,合计暴露率为4.08%,年平均暴露率为2.33%.单因素分析表明家庭狂犬病防治知识得分(x2=8.260,P=0.042)、家庭有无加入“新农合”(P=0.035)、2009年家庭可支配现金收入(x2=10.831,P=0.031)及住家离乡镇卫生院的距离(x2=9.07l,P=0.033)4项家庭因素与暴露后是否接种狂犬病疫苗有关.多因素logistic回归分析显示家庭狂犬病防治知识得分(OR=1.420,95%CI:1.055～1.905)与2009年家庭可支配现金收入(OR=1.480,95%CI:1.044～ 2.098)为影响狂犬病疫苗接种的独立因素.结论加强农村居民狂犬病防治知识的宣传教育及增加家庭可支配现金收入是提高农村居民狂犬病疫苗接种率的可行措施.     

Antifungal Activity of Gallic Acid In Vitro and In Vivo

Gallic acid (GA) is a polyphenol natural compound found in many medicinal plant species, including pomegranate rind (Punica granatum L.), and has been shown to have antiinflammatory and antibacterial properties. Pomegranate rind is used to treat bacterial and fungal pathogens in Uyghur and other systems of traditional medicine, but, surprisingly, the effects of GA on antifungal activity have not yet been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of GA on fungal strains both in vitro and in vivo. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the NCCLS (M38‐A and M27‐A2) standard method in vitro, and GA was found to have a broad spectrum of antifungal activity, with MICs for all the tested dermatophyte strains between 43.75 and 83.33 μg/mL. Gallic acid was also active against three Candida strains, with MICs between 12.5 and 100.0 μg/mL. The most sensitive Candida species was Candida albicans (MIC = 12.5 μg/mL), and the most sensitive filamentous species was Trichophyton rubrum (MIC = 43.75 μg/mL), which was comparable in potency to the control, fluconazole. The mechanism of action was investigated for inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis using an HPLC‐based assay and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Gallic acid reduced the activity of sterol 14α‐demethylase P450 (CYP51) and squalene epoxidase in the T. rubrum membrane, respectively. In vivo model demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection administration of GA (80 mg/kg d) significantly enhanced the cure rate in a mice infection model of systemic fungal infection. Overall, our results confirm the antifungal effects of GA and suggest a mechanism of action, suggesting that GA has the potential to be developed further as a natural antifungal agent for clinical use. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

河南室内蜚蠊种类及分布的调查报告

本文首次报道河南室内蜚蠊的种类与分布,共发现有3属6种,以美洲大蠊分布较广,黑胸大蠊与德国小蠊次之,日本大蠊分布在郑州,洛阳。褐斑大蠊仅在洛阳发现。本文还对各地区蜚蠊侵害状况作了报道。     

痿证的辨治体会

痿证是指肢体筋脉弛缓、手足痿软无力的一种病证,一般认为是由五志六淫、房劳食滞等导致五脏内虚、肢体失养而引起,其病理机制主要是肺热津伤、湿热浸淫、脾胃虚弱、肝肾髓枯等四种,兹不赘述.但由于社会的发展,疾病谱的不断发生变化,痿证的成因也在发生改变,临床中因跌打损伤及年老虚衰而成痿者亦不少见,现补充分述如下:     

基于数据挖掘技术总结难治性尿路感染的中医辨治规律

目的:基于数据挖掘技术探讨难治性尿路感染相关文献及医案的中医辨治用药规律。方法：在中国知网数据库中检索、下载难治性尿路感染相关文献,通过筛选、清洗、降噪处理及目标关键词频数统计的数据分层算法,挖掘难治性尿路感染的病因、病位、病机、主症、舌脉、证型、治法、方剂、中药规律,并进行可视化展示。结果：该病的病因、病机主要涉及正虚、邪实两端,证型以肾虚、膀胱湿热为主;治法以清热利湿兼补肾养阴为主;涉及的方药主要为补肾、清利类。结论：该研究应用数据挖掘技术对文献全文、病案处方进行系统、细致、分层次的总结。理、法、方、药诸层次的研究结果与临床实践对该病的认识有较好的一致性。     

高效液相色谱法测定补肾酒中补骨脂素与异补骨脂素的含量

目的:建立补肾酒中补骨脂素与异补骨脂素的含量测定方法。方法:采用高效液相法,选用Zorbax SB-C18分析柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-0.01%磷酸(40∶60);检测波长246 nm;柱温40℃。结果:补骨脂素在0.046 9~0.233 1μg范围内线性良好,r=0.999 9;异补骨脂素均在0.046 6~0.232 8μg范围内有较好的线性关系,r=0.999 9;补骨脂素加样回收率平均为98.44%,RSD为1.19%(n=5);异补骨脂素平均回收率为99.70%,RSD为1.99%。结论:该法简便,快速,可用于补肾酒的质量控制。     

菊科植物杏香兔耳风的化学成分

目的：对中药杏香兔耳风Ainsliaea fragrans Champ.的化学成分进行研究。方法：运用多种层析分离方法进行分离纯化,通过1H、13C NMR等波谱技术确定化合物的结构。结果：分离并鉴定了13个化合物,其中2个愈创木烷型倍半萜内酯：8-α-hydroxy-11α,13-dihydro-zaluzanin C（1）,3-O-β-D-glucozaluzanin C（2）;9个黄酮类化合物：芹菜素（apigenin,3）,柽柳素（tamarixetin,4）,木犀草素（luteolin,5）,木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,6）,槲皮素-5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（quercetin-5-O-β-D-glucoside,7）,柽柳素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（tamarixe-tin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,8）,柽柳素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（tamarixet-in-3-O-β-D-glucoside,9）,柽柳素-5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（tamarixetin-5-O-β-D-glucoside,10）,山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside,11）;2个绿原酸类化合物：cyclohexanecarboxylic acid（1,3,4-trihydroxy-5-[[3-（3-hydroxyphenyl）-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy]-[1α,3α,4α,5β（E）],12）,5-p-trans-coumaroylguinic acid（13）。结论：其中化合物8-13均为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物2为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Hospital admissions as a function of temperature,other weather phenomena and pollution levels in an urban setting in China

Objective

To explore the relationship between weather phenomena and pollution levels and daily hospital admissions (as an approximation to morbidity patterns) in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China, in 1998–2009.

Methods

Generalized additive models and lag models were constructed with data from official sources on hospital admissions and on mean daily temperature, mean daily wind speed, mean relative humidity, daily total global solar radiation, total daily rainfall and daily pollution levels.

Findings

During the hot season, admissions increased by 4.5% for every increase of 1 °C above 29 °C; during the cold season, admissions increased by 1.4% for every decrease of 1 °C within the 8.2–26.9 °C range. In subgroup analyses, admissions for respiratory and infectious diseases increased during extreme heat and cold, but cardiovascular disease admissions increased only during cold temperatures. For every increase of 1 °C above 29 °C, admissions for unintentional injuries increased by 1.9%. During the cold season, for every decrease of 1 °C within the 8.2–26.9 °C range, admissions for cardiovascular diseases and intentional injuries rose by 2.1% and 2.4%, respectively. Admission patterns were not sensitive to sex. Admissions for respiratory diseases rose during hot and cold temperatures among children but only during cold temperatures among the elderly. In people aged 75 years or older, admissions for infectious diseases rose during both temperature extremes.

Conclusion

In Hong Kong SAR, hospitalizations rise during extreme temperatures. Public health interventions should be developed to protect children, the elderly and other vulnerable groups from excessive heat and cold.