红细胞分化去核因子在诱导小鼠红白血病细胞分化以及恶性逆转中的作用

目的：研究小鼠红细胞分化去核分化因子（MEDDF）在红细胞终末分化中的功能。方法：构建在真核细胞中表达的重组质粒pcDNA-MEDDF,用其转染小鼠红白血病细胞系（MEL）,通过分析细胞的生长曲线,分裂指数及在半固体培养基中的集落形成率比较细胞的生长线性,采用RT－PCR检测c-myc及β-珠蛋白（β-globin)基因的表达。结果：转染pcDNA-MEDDF与转染空载体（pcDNA3.1)的细胞相比较,细胞的增殖率减慢,分裂指数降低,在半固体培养其中形成集落的数量减少,转染细胞的联苯胺阳性率达32．8％,用RT－PCR检测发现,转染细胞β-珠蛋白的表达量上升了3．43倍,o-myc表达量下降了66．3％,。结论：MEDDF能命名小鼠红白血病细胞分化并抑制其恶性变。     

PCR扩增抗人视网膜母细胞瘤单克隆抗体轻链可变区基因

目的：获得抗人视网膜母细胞瘤单克隆抗体轻链可变区基因。方法：从分泌抗人视网膜母细胞瘤单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞中提取总RNA,逆转录形成cDNA,用扩增小鼠K轻链可变区基因的引物,通过RT－PCR方法,扩增基因,1．5％琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定。结果：用轻链引物扩增获得340bp的基因片段。结论;从三株杂交瘤细胞中获得高纯度的总RNA;用RT－PCR方法从一株杂交瘤细胞成功克隆了抗人视网膜母细胞瘤单克隆抗体轻链可变区基因,为基因工程抗体研究奠定了良好基础。     

Brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: fractional volumetric analysis of gray matter and white matter

PURPOSE: To determine the fractional brain tissue volume changes in the gray matter and white matter of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and to correlate these measurements with clinical disability and total lesion load. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 25 healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Fractional brain tissue volumes (tissue volume relative to total intracranial volume) were obtained from the total segmented gray matter and white matter in each group and were analyzed. RESULTS: The fractional volume of white matter versus that of gray matter was significantly lower (-6.4%) in patients with MS (P <.0001) than in control subjects. Neither gray matter nor white matter fractional volume measurements correlated with clinical disability in the patients with MS. CONCLUSION: Loss of brain parenchymal volume in patients with relapsing-remitting MS is predominantly confined to white matter. Analysis of fractional brain tissue volumes provides additional information useful in characterizing MS and may have potential in evaluating treatment strategies.     

4种核酸提取方法在流行性感冒病毒核酸检测中的比较

目的：比较常见的4种核酸抽提方法，比较其对流行性感冒（流感）病毒检测的敏感性差异，为实验室应用和结果的评价提供依据。方法：对已确定效价的甲1型流感病毒，作10^-2～10^-5系列稀释，选用Roche公司Hish Pure Viral RNA Kit、QIAGEN公司的Rneasy mini Kit、国产Z生物公司RNA提取试剂盒和Invitrogen公司Trizol试剂等4种核酸提取方法提取上述标本核酸模板，采用罗氏公司的RT-PCR试剂盒，用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR）对其进行评价。结果：在对不同病毒拷贝数流感病毒的检测中，4种核酸提取方法以Roche公司High Pure Viral RNA Kit提取效率最高，以此提取效率作为100％，则QIAGEN Rneasy mini Kit、Invitrogen Trizol和国产Z生物公司RNA提取试剂盒的平均提取效率依次为89．71％、75．30％、68．00％。经方差分析及t检验，4种方法之间存在显著性差异（P均〈0．05）。对临床标本的检测，也获得相似结果。结论：各试剂之间提取核酸的效率存在差异，应该选择性价比较好的方法进行临床标本的实验室RNA提取。     

HPLC法测定孕康口服液中补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的含量

目的建立孕康口服液中补骨脂素和异补骨脂素含量测定的HPLC方法.方法色谱柱DiamonsilTM C18柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-水(5050);流速为1.0 ml·min-1;检测波长为246 nm.结果补骨脂素在0.06～0.66 μg的范围线性关系良好,r=0.999 9,平均加样回收率100.5%(RSD=0.6%,n=6);异补骨脂素在0.06～O.5μg峭的范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 9,平均加样回收率99.6%(RSD=1.2%,n=6).结论该方法准确,可靠,可有效控制制剂的质量.     

数据库技术在眼科信息化管理中的现状及发展趋势

随着信息变革的深入,眼科信息获取的途径与形式均发生了巨大变化,如何有效地存储、整合、挖掘与利用这些信息,是实现眼科信息化的关键.数据库技术作为当今信息社会中的核心和基础,在眼科信息资料的处理上发挥着重要的作用.为了让更多的眼科工作者了解数据库技术知识并运用到实际工作中,对数据库技术在眼科信息学的地位、眼科数据库应用现状及未来眼科数据库可能的发展模式,进行全面综述.     

不同造血微环境对诱导人胚胎干细胞向造血细胞分化的影响

目的:通过观察人卵黄囊基质细胞、人胎肝基质细胞和人胎骨髓基质细胞对人胚胎干细胞向造血细胞分化诱导效率,探讨不同造血微环境对造血发生的影响.方法:本实验诱导人胚胎干细胞分化为造血细胞的方法采用两步法:先用细胞因子培养形成5 d的拟胚体,然后再模拟体内造血发生的微环境,分别用人卵黄囊基质细胞、人胎肝基质细胞和人胎骨髓基质细胞诱导拟胚体10 d,通过流式细胞术检测细胞的flk,CD34和CD45表面抗原表达情况,观察3种基质细胞对人胚胎干细胞向造血细胞分化的影响.结果:5 d拟胚体与卵黄囊基质细胞接触培养10 d生成的细胞表达flk,CD34,CD45百分率分别1.80%±0.56%,1.30%±0.14%,1.05%±0.63%;与胎肝基质细胞接触培养10 d生成的细胞表达为flk,CD34,CD45百分率分别为34.0%±25.45%,38.4%±24.8%,72.6%±25.7%;与骨髓基质细胞接触培养10 d生成的细胞表达flk,CD34,CD45百分率分别为2.50%±1.48%,3.20%±0.56%,1.65%±0.21%;5 d拟胚体自发分化10 d生成的细胞表达flk,CD34,CD45百分率分别为0.30%±0.07%,0.65%±0.07%,0.15%±0.07%.与自发分化10 d比较,3种基质细胞与5 d拟胚体接触培养,均能够促进拟胚体向造血细胞的分化,且胎肝基质细胞诱导的效率显著优于其他两种基质细胞(P＜0.05).结论:与卵黄囊基质细胞和骨髓基质细胞比较,胎肝基质细胞更有利于诱导人胚胎干细胞向造血细胞的分化.     

Effects of pioglitazone on proliferation and differentiation of human preadipocytes

Objective: To explore the effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) pioglitazone on proliferation and differentiation of human preadipocytes. Methods :Omental adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from 15 patients who were undergoing elective open-abdominal surgery. The primary culture and differentiated induction of human preadipocytes were performed, and the human preadipo-cytes were treated with pioglitazone at different concentrations at proper moments. Dynamic morphological changes of the human preadipocytes were observed, and their proliferation and differentiation were assessed with Colorimetric MTT Assay and Oil Red O Staining. Results:After 24 hours and 72 hours with pioglitazone, 0.1 μmol/L (μmol/ml) pioglitazone increased the MTT values of the human preadipocytes by 25.3% and 34.8% ,respectively(P ＜ 0.05), while 1 μ mol/L pioglitazone by 27.4% and 26.6%(P＜ 0.05), compared with the control group without pioglitazone. The human preadipocytes with pioglitazone cumulated more adipose in the endochylema than those without pioglitazone obviously. 0.1 μmol/L pioglitazone increased the differentiation degree of the human preadipocytes differentiated for 8-10 days by 44.81% and 1 μmol/L pioglitazone by 53.76%(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion:Thiazolidinediones pioglitazone may significantly promote the proliferation and differentiation of the human omental preadipocytes.     

茎突切除钳的研制和临床应用

经口进路茎突截短术视野受限，传统切取茎突的器具包括骨剪、骨钳或咬骨钳，除有时尚需修整茎突残存尖桩外，截骨时必须高度戒备断骨从夹持器械滑脱旧…。为了防止断骨滑脱，扁桃体圈套器已用于紧固粗硕的茎突切除段，采用不同型号的子宫刮匙分离茎突骨膜可改善手术视野。近来我们研制一种专门用于经口进路的手术器械，称之为茎突切除钳，现介绍如下。     

重症监护病房氧气湿化瓶污染细菌与下呼吸道细菌感染及耐药率的探讨

目的探讨重症监护病房氧气湿化瓶污染细菌与住院患儿呼吸道感染的关系,为防治医院感染的吸氧途径提供证据。方法采集47例重症监护病房住院患儿痰标本及其使用的湿化瓶,进行细菌分离鉴定,重点分析铜绿假单胞菌耐药率。结果从湿化瓶分离细菌79株,革兰阴性杆菌58株(73%),其中铜绿假单胞菌38株(48%);痰培养细菌170株,革兰阴性杆菌139株(82%),铜绿假单胞菌42株(30%)。患者痰培养的铜绿假单胞菌对15种抗生素耐药率为38%～84%,湿化瓶分离的铜绿假单胞菌耐药率为10%～86%。结论氧气湿化瓶污染细菌与呼吸道感染关系密切。