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61.
Swetlana Gautam Priyanka Singh Manjari Singh Subhadeep Roy Jitendra K. Rawat Rajnish K. Yadav Uma Devi Pushpraj S. Gupta Shubhini A. Saraf Gaurav Kaithwas 《RSC advances》2018,8(7):3512
The present study was proposed to investigate the effect of rifaximin (RFX) on methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. Animals were randomized and divided among four groups of six animals each. Group I (control 0.9% normal saline, 3 ml kg−1, p.o.); Group II (toxic control, MNU 47 mg kg−1, i.v.); Group III (RFX, 25 mg kg−1, p.o.); Group IV (RFX, 50 mg kg−1, p.o.). Toxicity was induced by single i.v. injection of MNU. MNU treatment was evident with increased alveolar bud count, differentiation score, up-regulated inflammatory enzyme markers (COX, LOX, NO and H2S) and oxidative stress markers (TBAR''s, protein carbonyl, SOD, catalase and Ach). The mammary gland surface architecture was studied using SEM, carmine staining and H&E staining. The treatment with RFX elicited noticeable restoration of the overall histological architecture in the experimental animals similar to the control. In the MNU treated toxic group, the levels of oxidative stress markers significantly increased in comparison to the control, which was subsequently restored after RFX treatment. Furthermore, RFX up regulated the levels of caspase 3 and caspase 8, when compared to the MNU treated animals. MNU associated toxicity was also ascertained, when determined for UCHL-1, COX, NF-κBp65, BAD, and BCL-xl expression, while RFX demonstrated modulation of the same.The present study was proposed to investigate the effect of rifaximin (RFX) on methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. 相似文献
62.
Associations Between Abortion Services and Acceptance of Postabortion Contraception in Six Indian States 下载免费PDF全文
Sushanta K. Banerjee Sumit Gulati Kathryn L. Andersen Valerie Acre Janardan Warvadekar Deepa Navin 《Studies in family planning》2015,46(4):387-403
Women receiving induced abortions or postabortion care are at high risk of subsequent unintended pregnancy, and intervals of less than six months between abortion and subsequent pregnancy may be associated with adverse outcomes. This study highlights the prevalence and attributes of postabortion contraceptive acceptance from 2,456 health facilities in six major Indian states, among 292,508 women who received abortion care services from July 2011 through June 2014. Eighty‐one percent of the women accepted postabortion contraceptive methods: 53 percent short‐term, 11 percent intrauterine devices, and 16 percent sterilization. Postabortion contraceptive acceptance was highest among women who were aged 25 years and older, received first‐trimester services, received induced abortion, attended primary‐level health facilities, and had medical abortions. Doctors receiving post‐training support were more likely to offer contraceptives, but no association was observed between such support and acceptance of IUDs or sterilization. Comprehensive service‐delivery interventions, including ensuring availability of skilled providers and contraceptive commodities, offering clinical mentoring for providers, identifying and addressing provider bias, and improving provider counseling skills, can increase postabortion contraceptive acceptance and reduce unintended pregnancy. 相似文献
63.
Objectives. We investigated the development of and service utilization at Supporting Positive Opportunities with Teens (SPOT)—a community-based health and social service facility in St. Louis, Missouri, for youths that focuses on increasing HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing.Methods. We identified the US-based, co-located youth health and social service models that guided the establishment of the SPOT. We analyzed the first 5 years (2008–2013) of service delivery and utilization data.Results. During the study period, the SPOT provided services for 8233 youths in 37 480 visits. The 5 most utilized services included HIV and STI screening, food, transportation, contraception, and case management. A total of 9812 gonorrhea and chlamydia screenings revealed 1379 (14.1%) cases of chlamydia and 437 (4.5%) cases of gonorrhea, and 5703 HIV tests revealed 59 HIV infections (1.0%); 93.0% of patients found to have an STI were treated within a 5-day window.Conclusions. Co-locating health and social services in informal community settings attracts high-risk youths to utilize services and can prove instrumental in reducing STI burden in this population.Sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, are considered a priority health-risk behavior among youths in the United States.1 In 2008, St. Louis, Missouri, had some of the highest rates of Neisseria gonorrheae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections of all US cities.2 The majority of STIs in youths aged 15 to 24 years in Missouri are seen disproportionately among African American youths. HIV infection rates among youths continue to rise.3 From 2008 to 2010 new cases of HIV/AIDS among male youths in St. Louis increased by 33%, compared with a 2% increase among adult males.3,4These high rates of STIs and HIV highlight gaps in services for youths in our region. Evidence suggests that it is best to co-locate health and social services when providing care to a very needy population of youths.5–7 There are programs that do this in multiple sites across the country. Studies found that peer-to-peer information sharing and outreach, peer advisory groups, tightly linked medical and social services, and active case management to assess need and link youths to services were critical for keeping youths engaged.6,7 Despite the obvious needs of youths in St. Louis, no social service agency or health facility has ever combined these services for youths aged 13 to 24 years.We describe the development of our youth center, the SPOT (Supporting Positive Opportunities with Teens), and report screening outcomes and service utilization measures for the first 5 years of the center. We focus on identifying STI and HIV infections in youths and ensuring access to timely treatment. 相似文献
64.
Gaurav Bajpai Tulika Srivastava N. Patra Igamcha Moirangthem S. N. Jha D. Bhattacharyya Sk Riyajuddin Kaushik Ghosh Dharma R. Basaula Mahmud Khan Shun-Wei Liu Sajal Biring Somaditya Sen 《RSC advances》2018,8(43):24355
Substituting an ion of different size from that of the host element introduces lattice strain and defects. However, this mismatch may be significantly reduced by substituting an additional ion with a compensating size relative to the dopant. Such a double substitution might offer better solubility irrespective of the local distortions as well as the formation of defects in the valence states. Fe-substituted ZnO has been widely reported with conflicting results primarily arising from lack of chemical and structural homogeneity originating from preparation techniques, compositional fluctuations, and equivocal comprehension of actual solubility limits of the dopants. In this study, Ag ion has been incorporated in Fe-substituted ZnO to compensate the ionic size of Zn1−x[Fe0.8Ag0.2]xO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.03125) by determining the solubility limit of the homogeneous material and their corresponding structural, mechanical, optical and magnetic properties have been investigated thoroughly. Co-substitution rearranges the lattice and leads to better crystal structures with tunable properties related to the amount of substitution.Substituting an ion of different size from that of the host element introduces lattice strain and defects. 相似文献
65.
Dhingra Gaurav Maji Manideepa Mandal Saikat Vaniyath Sudeep Negi Gita Nath Uttam Kumar 《Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis》2021,52(2):504-507
Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) which can cause significant mortality is a thrombotic microangiopathy due to deficiency of VWF cleaving protease... 相似文献
66.
Ashish Kumar Jha Gaurav Kumar Vishwa Mohan Dayal Abhay Ranjan Arya Suchismita 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2021,27(18):2090-2104
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of repeated waterborne outbreaks of acute hepatitis. Recently, several extrahepatic manifestations (EHMs) have been described in patients with HEV infection. Of these, neurological disorders are the most common EHM associated with HEV. The involvement of both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system can occur together or in isolation. Patients can present with normal liver function tests, which can often be misleading for physicians. There is a paucity of data on HEV-related neurological manifestations; and these data are mostly described as case reports and case series. In this review, we analyzed data of 163 reported cases of HEV-related neurological disorders. The mechanisms of pathogenesis, clinico-demographic profile, and outcomes of the HEV-related neurological disorders are described in this article. Nerve root and plexus disorder were found to be the most commonly reported disease, followed by meningoencephalitis. 相似文献
67.
Inhibition of renin was induced in conscious marmosets with CGP 29 287, Z-Arg-Arg-Pro-Phe-His-Sta-Ile-His-Lys (Boc)-OMe, a renin inhibitor with a prolonged duration of action. In vitro, CGP 29 287 is a potent inhibitor of primate plasma renin (inhibitory concentration, 50%: human = 1 X 10(-9) M; marmoset = 5 X 10(-9) M) and less potent against dog (2 X 10(-7) M) or rat (3 X 10(-5) M) plasma renin. CGP 29 287 is a weak inhibitor of other aspartic proteases such as porcine pepsin or bovine cathepsin D (inhibitory concentration, 50% = 4 X 10(-5) M). In furosemide-treated marmosets, CGP 29 287 lowered blood pressure and inhibited plasma renin activity during intravenous infusion and after intravenous bolus injection. The duration of action after intravenous injection was dose dependent and ranged from 1 hour after 0.1 mg/kg to more than 3 hours after 10 mg/kg. High doses of CGP 29 287 (100 mg/kg) were active after oral administration. In all experiments a close relation between inhibition of plasma renin activity and reduction of blood pressure was found. A maximum hypotensive response to CGP 29 287 was associated with complete inhibition of plasma renin activity, and the recovery of blood pressure was accompanied by recovery of plasma renin activity. The hypotensive effects of CGP 29 287 were smaller in untreated than in furosemide-treated marmosets. CGP 29 287 had no influence on blood pressure in marmosets after bilateral nephrectomy or after pretreatment with a converting enzyme inhibitor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
68.
Cord blood samples collected from 150 newborns were tested for HBsAg using micro ELISA technique. Only 8 (5.3 per cent) out of 150 samples were found to be positive for HBsAg in variable titres. It is important to identify these HBsAg positive newborns so that appropriate measures could be adopted at the earliest to prevent the complications of HBsAg carriage. 相似文献
69.
Gaurav Sharma Hitoshi Ohtani Gurvinder Kaur Taeko K. Naruse S.K. Sharma Madhu Vajpayee Akinori Kimura Narinder Mehra 《Human immunology》2013
The TIM (T cell/transmembrane, immunoglobulin and mucin) proteins are crucial regulators of Th1/Th2 immune responses and have been implicated in several diseases including HIV-1/AIDS. The TIM1 exon 4 that codes for mucin domain is highly diverse, with sequence variants associated with varying phenotypes. In this study, TIM1 exon 4 was sequenced among 227 HIV-1 seroprevalent and 288 healthy non infected individuals from North Indian population and haplotypes established. A novel but rare haplotype D1∗ was identified among the healthy and differed from D1 by a synonymous substitution G>T at Thr208Thr. The TIM1 haplotype diversity showed no association with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. The seroprevalent individuals carrying D3A had relatively higher median CD4+T cell counts (368/μl) than those without (313/μl; p = 0.02). A comparison of CD4+T counts between D3-A individuals on ART or ART naïve did not show any significant difference plausibly due to confounding nature of ART and other factors. 相似文献
70.