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排序方式: 共有3640条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
31.
Puja Gulati Arunachalam Muthuraman Amteshwar S. Jaggi Nirmal Singh 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》2013,386(3):255-264
The present study was designed to investigate the potential of gadolinium, a stretch-activated calcium channel blocker in ischemic reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in mice. Bilateral carotid artery occlusion of 12 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h was given to induce cerebral injury in male Swiss mice. Cerebral infarct size was measured using triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Memory was assessed using Morris water maze test and motor incoordination was evaluated using rota-rod, lateral push, and inclined beam walking tests. In addition, total calcium, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were also estimated in brain tissue. I/R injury produced a significant increase in cerebral infarct size. A significant loss of memory along with impairment of motor performance was also noted. Furthermore, I/R injury also produced a significant increase in levels of TBARS, total calcium, AChE activity, and a decrease in GSH levels. Pretreatment of gadolinium significantly attenuated I/R-induced infarct size, behavioral and biochemical changes. On the basis of the present findings, we can suggest that opening of stretch-activated calcium channel may play a critical role in ischemic reperfusion-induced brain injury and that gadolinium has neuroprotective potential in I/R-induced injury. 相似文献
32.
Mishra A Mishra SK Agarwal A Das BK Agarwal G Gambhir S 《World journal of surgery》2002,26(2):153-157
Reports on metastatic differentiated carcinoma in endemic goiter regions are scarce. The aim of this study was to look into the clinicopathological profile and outcome of patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) of endemic origin. This was a retrospective study of 28 cases of metastatic DTC out of a total of 140 DTC patients managed between 1990 and June 1999. Demographic data, clinicopathological profile, operative and radioiodine ablation therapy details, and follow-up findings were noted. The overall incidence of distant metastases in our series was 20%. Mean age was 48.5 +/- 12.8 years (32.1%patients were < 45 years). Most metastases were detected synchronously (85.7%) and were multiple, with the skeletal system being the commonly affected site. Out of 22 cases having skeletal metastases, 6 patients were young (< 45 years). Though most patients with skeletal metastases had follicular carcinoma (FTC), 4 cases had papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Near total or total thyroidectomy was done in 26 cases. Sixteen patients required regional lymph node dissection. Resection of metastases was performed in 9 cases.Histopathological diagnosis was PTC, FTC, and poorly differentiated carcinoma in 32.1%, 50.0%, and 17.9% of cases, respectively. Most patients had good symptomatic palliation following administration of I131 therapy. In 17.9% of cases there were locoregional recurrences. There was an overall 28.6% mortality. Two patients expired in the perioperative period. Six others died in follow-up (all within 3-9 months). In contrast to iodine sufficient regions, the incidence of metastases was high; the majority of cases had synchronous, symptomatic skeletal metastases. Skeletal metastases were not infrequent even in cases of PTC and in young patients. One-third of the cases were young. Though survival was poor despite aggressive management, significant symptomatic palliation could be achieved in most cases. 相似文献
33.
34.
Gaurav Bharti Malcolm W. Marks Lisa R. David 《European journal of plastic surgery》2011,34(3):155-160
The use of noninvasive facial rejuvenation measures has increased even in difficult economic times. We present a 10-year retrospective
patient satisfaction survey to obtain a comprehensive long-term review of our patients' experience and satisfaction with dermal
filler therapy. Dermal filler use in our practice has increased. The majority of patients treated with dermal fillers underwent
serial treatments with very few complications. Of patients who had invasive procedures performed, 75% continued dermal filler
treatment. Patients (67%) treated with dermal fillers reported that they also had invasive facial aesthetic procedures performed.
Patients (89%) reported that they would recommend dermal fillers to their peers. We found that dermal filler therapy is a
noninvasive procedure that can be used as a tool to promote and increase the rate of definitive facial rejuvenation via invasive
procedures in a plastic surgical practice with high patient satisfaction. 相似文献
35.
N K Venkataramu B P Sood S Gupta M Gulati N Khandelwal S Suri 《Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987)》1999,40(4):436-439
PURPOSE: To establish the safety and efficacy of US-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in gall bladder malignancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 142 patients suspected to have gall bladder malignancies underwent FNAB under real-time US guidance. The most common sonographic appearances were a mass filling or replacing the gall bladder (n=98), focal or diffuse wall thickening (n=25) and intraluminal polypoidal mass (n=19). FNAB was performed with a 0.7-mm spinal needle using a free-hand technique. RESULTS: On initial FNAB, 115 patients were diagnosed to have malignancy. In the remaining 27 patients, aspirates on first FNAB showed either inflammatory pathology (n=14) or the sample was suspicious of malignancy (n=7), or the aspirates were non-representative (n=6). Of these 27 patients, 13 underwent repeat FNAB because of the high suspicion of malignancy and 12 of them showed malignancy. The FNAB diagnosis of inflammatory disease of 7 patients was confirmed on subsequent surgery and 8 patients were lost to follow-up. Thus, a total of 127/142 were diagnosed to have gall bladder malignancy. Adenocarcinoma was the most common malignancy (89.76%). No procedure-related complications were encountered. CONCLUSION: US-guided FNAB is a safe and accurate technique to diagnose gall bladder malignancy. Either a repeat FNAB or surgical biopsy is recommended when the suspicion of malignancy is high and the initial FNAB is negative. 相似文献
36.
Children with hypoalbuminemia on continuous peritoneal dialysis are at risk for technique failure 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
BACKGROUND: Few data are available on the clinical significance of hypoalbuminemia [serum albumin (SA) <35 g/L] in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on continuous peritoneal dialysis (CPD). This study was conducted to analyze the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia, its predictive factors, and its clinical impact in these children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was done of 180 patients on CPD over the last 22 years. Patients were excluded from the study if they were on CPD for less than four months or had nephrotic syndrome. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical variables were studied. Children continued on CPD until they received a transplant or were transferred to an adult unit or to hemodialysis as a result of technique failure. The subjects were divided into two groups based on SA levels at last follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 135 children was included. After a mean duration of CPD of 573 +/- 437 (120 to 2960) days, 54 children (40%) were observed to have hypoalbuminemia. Four patients (2.9%) died, 7 (5.2%) continued on continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis, and 13 (9.6%) were transferred to an adult unit for continuation of CPD. Ninety-five (70.3%) were transplanted, and 16 (11.8%) were transferred to hemodialysis because of technique failure. Children in group I (N = 54, SA <35 g/L), compared with group II (N = 81, SA > or =35 g/L), were younger at initiation of PD, more likely to have hypoalbuminemia at one month and six months after initiation of PD, and have more episodes of peritonitis. No differences were seen between the groups in gender, modality of CPD, body surface area, initial body mass index, and presence of hypertension or acidosis. The only factors predictive of hypoalbuminemia on follow-up were low SA at one month after PD and recurrent peritonitis using multiple logistic regression analysis. Evaluating the clinical impact of hypoalbuminemia, we observed a higher incidence of failed PD in children who had hypoalbuminemia. CONCLUSION: Low SA at one month after PD and recurrent peritonitis are predictive of hypoalbuminemia in children on CPD, which is associated with an increased incidence of CPD failure. 相似文献
37.
Total Thyroidectomy for Benign Thyroid Disorders in an Endemic Region 总被引:21,自引:2,他引:21
Total thyroidectomy is increasingly being accepted as a treatment of choice for differentiated thyroid cancer. However, because
of presumed increased morbidity associated with this procedure, it is still not considered a viable option for management
of benign thyroid disorders. To assess the safety and efficacy of total thyroidectomy for management of benign thyroid disorders,
we analyzed our data from 127 total thyroidectomies performed for benign thyroid disorders. Demographic details, biochemical
findings, indications for operation, specimen weight, and complications were noted. Among these patients, 52 had a toxic goiter
and 75 had a nontoxic goiter. The mean duration of the goiters being present was 6.08 ± 6.06 years (0.9–26.0 years), and the
mean weight of the specimens was 136.88 ± 120.68 g. The incidence of occult malignancy was 6.3% (n= 8), and those of permanent hypothyroidism and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy were 1.6% and 0.8%, respectively.
Total thyroidectomy should be considered a treatment of choice for multinodular goiter and Graves' disease in a setting of
palpable nodule(s) or ophthalmopathy (or both). It is particularly relevant in endemic regions where patients present with
a long-standing, large nodular goiter with virtually no normal thyroid tissue. Reoperation for recurrent goiter in such a
setting would be fraught with distressing complications. 相似文献
38.
Pradeep PV Agarwal A Baxi M Agarwal G Gupta SK Mishra SK 《World journal of surgery》2007,31(2):306-312
Background Ideal management of toxic goiter still remains elusive. Though surgical management of toxic multinodular goiter (MNG) is well
accepted, surgical treatment of Graves’ disease (GD) is still controversial in view of the presumed increased incidence of
complications. In this paper, we discuss the experience of the surgical management of hyperthyroidism at a specialized tertiary
care endocrine center in a developing country, highlighting the minimal morbidity and satisfactory outcome in experienced
hands.
Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed 325 consecutive patients with hyperthyroidism managed surgically from 1990 to 2005. The etiologic
diagnoses were Graves’ disease (185), toxic MNG (105), and autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN) (n = 35). The indications
for surgery in Graves’ patients were large goiter, relapse after antithyroid drug therapy (ATD), Graves’ ophthalmopathy, and
presence of nodule. The indications for surgery in toxic MNG were retrosternal extension (n = 15), compressive symptoms (n = 20),
and large size (grade II). Among the AFTN nodule size, those greater than 4 cm (85%) formed the major indication for surgery.
Subjects with GD and toxic MNG were subjected to subtotal thyroidectomy (n = 93 prior to 1995) or total thyroidectomy (n = 205
post-1995). Hemithyroidectomy was the procedure of choice in patients with AFTN.
Results Patients with Graves’ disease were younger in age, with shorter mean duration of goiter when compared with the other 2 groups.
Eight percent of patients with Graves’ disease without a clinically palpable nodule and 25% of those with nodules had associated
differentiated carcinoma, including papillary, follicular, and medullary thyroid cancer. Four percent of patients with toxic
MNG had malignancy. Complications included temporary hypocalcemia (24%), permanent hypocalcemia (3%), and permanent vocal-cord
palsy (1%).
Conclusions Surgery for hyperthyroidism has negligible mortality and acceptable morbidity in experienced hands. It is a definite option
in selected cases. Immediate and permanent cure of hyperthyroidism is achieved, with no recurrences, after total thyroidectomy.
The cosmetic outcome is good, with excellent patient satisfaction and acceptance. 相似文献
39.
Vivek Pandey Simon Nurettin van Laarhoven Gaurav Arora Sripathi Rao 《Indian Journal of Orthopaedics》2014,48(4):432-434
Though rare, many anomalous origins of long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) have been reported in the literature. Anatomic variations commonly explained are a third humeral head, anomalous insertion, congenital absence and adherence to the rotator cuff. We report a rare case who underwent shoulder arthroscopy with impingement symptoms where in LHBT was found to be bifurcated with a part attached to superior labrum and the other part to the posterior capsule of joint. Furthermore, intraarticular portion of LHBT was adherent to the undersurface of the supraspinatus tendon. Awareness of such an anatomical aberration during the shoulder arthroscopy is of great importance as it can potentially avoid unnecessary confusion and surgery. 相似文献
40.
P. G. Paul Talwar Prathap Harneet Kaur Khan Shabnam Dimple Kandhari Gaurav Chopade 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》2014,18(3)