牛膝多糖硫酸酯的合成及其抗病毒活性

从中药牛膝中提取得到的一种新多糖化合物一牛膝多糖,用不同的硫酸化试剂合成牛膝多糖硫酸酯。研究了最佳反应条件,其产物水溶性好,呈中性,最高产率达82.11%,取代度(Ds)···达到三以上,硫含量达21%以上。根据牛膝多糖的分子结构,多糖分子中的羟基已最大限度地被酯化。体外抗病毒试验初步表明牛膝多糖硫酸酯有很强的抑制乙型肝炎病毒HBsAg和HBeAg的活性,对I型单纯性疱疹病毒也有明显的抑制力。     

Cytotoxic Effect of Anti-H-2 and Anti-Ia Antisera on Human B and T Cells

Anti-H-2 and anti-Ia alloimmune mouse antisera were tested by the microcytotoxicity test on human peripheral blood B- and T-cell preparations. Anti-H-2 antisera react by a higher titer and/or cytotoxicity scoring grade on B cels than on T cells. Anti-Ia antisera react practically only with B cells. It was assumed that anti-H-2 antisera contain two components. One component reacts specifically with certain HLA-A- or -B-locus antigens or other closley linked gene products. The other component reacts predominantly or only with B-cell determinants; the specificity of the latter component has not yet been studied in sufficient detail.     

INTERACTION OF IgG HEAVY-CHAIN ALLOTYPES (GM) AND HLA IN CONFERRING SUSCEPTIBILITY TO THYROID CARCINOMA

We have recently reported an increase in HLA-DR1 in 52 patients with thyroid epithelial cancer from Eastern Hungary (Juhasz et al., 1986). We have now investigated the association of IgG heavy chain markers (Gm) in 50 patients with this disease and explored possible interaction between Gm and HLA in modifying the risk for thyroid cancer. No Gm phenotype showed significant increases in the patients compared to 168 local controls. When both Gm and HLA, however, were considered, a marked heterogeneity in risk was noted. The odds ratio for DR1+fb+ homozygotes was 37.5, for DR1+fb- individuals 6.0 and for DR1-fb+ individuals 2.6 (DR1-fb- = 1.0). Thus Gm and HLA interact to enhance greatly the risk of thyroid cancer.     

阿糖腺苷脂质体的制备及其稳定性

本文比较了薄膜法、反相蒸发法、冰冻熔融法制备Ara-A脂质体的包裹率,采用正交设计法摸索Ara-A脂质体制备的最佳技术条件,利用自行设计的改良冰冻熔融法将难溶性药物Ara-A研制成脂质体,其包裹率可达约50%,为国外文献报道的采用反相蒸发法所制得的Ara-A脂质体的包裹率(5.2±0.9%)的10倍。本法操作简单、重现性好。本文还考察了Ara-A脂质体的物理和化学稳定性,实验表明:Ara-A脂质体采用100℃30min灭菌的方法,制品的形态、粒度分布、包裹率及含量均无明显改变,经恒温加速试验,表明Ara-A脂质体具有一定的化学稳定性。     

Allo-immune anti-Iak sera of individual mice detect HLA—DR-associated polymorphism on human B cells

A murine allo-immune A.TH anti-A.TL (anti-Iak) serum pool and sera from individual immunized mice were tested on a large panel of human DR typed B cells, obtained from peripheral blood (PBL-B cells), and human lymphoid tumour cells. The anti-Iak serum pool appeared to be a useful reagent both in cytotoxicity and immunofluorescence for the examination of the presence of class-2 HLA molecules on tumour cells. Only one discrepancy was observed when the pool was tested in parallel with a xeno-anti-human B-cell serum on the cells of 56 lymphoid tumours. Nine sera from individual mice were tested on a panel of 93 PBL-B cells. Some of these sera reacted significantly more weakly with human B cells positive for the DR5 and/or DR7 antigens.     

Correlation of IgG Fc Receptors on Granulocytes with Serum Immune Complex Level in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

The expression of FcγRI, FcγRII and FcγRIII on granulocytes in the blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was investigated. The relationship between the receptor expression and serum immune complex (IC) concentration was analysed. The decrease in mean fluorescence intensity of both FCγRII and FcγRIII of patients' granulocytes stained by specific monoclonal antibodies (using MoAb IV. 3 and 3G8) was significant. The detected decrease of FcγRII was inversely correlated with the high circulating IC level in patients' sera.     

N-(2-甲氧羰基苯氧/硫乙酰基)-N-取代甘氨酸的合成

Ｎ－（２－甲氧羰基苯氧／硫乙酰基）－Ｎ－取代甘氨酸的合成江云，龚康孙，蔡纯一，周群，虞文（成都华西医科大学药学院６１００４１）血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂（ＡＣＥＩ）类药物近年来已在治疗高血压和充血性心力衰竭方面起着重要作用［１］，其临床应用及新药寻找等方...     

Development of esophageal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma in a rat surgical model without the use of a carcinogen

In order to establish an animal model for studying the cause and prevention of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its frequent precursor, Barrett's esophagus (BE), factors affecting the pathogenic processes were investigated in an esophagoduodenal anastomosis model with rats. Experiments by us and others have shown that surgical treatment produced reflux esophagitis with cell hyperproliferation, but not EAC. Additional treatment with a carcinogen has been shown to be necessary for the development of EAC, squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) or EAC/SCC mixtures. We found that the surgically treated animals developed anemia due possibly to reduced iron absorption. When the operated animals were supplemented with iron, EAC occurred at a high rate (73%) after 30 weeks, and treatment with N'-nitrosonornicotine did not enhance the rate of tumorigenesis. Treatment with carcinogen, however, induced SCC in the group of rats killed after 22 weeks. The results suggest that iron overload, which is known to cause oxidative damage, is an enhancing factor for adenocarcinogenesis. The pathogenesis of EAC in the iron-supplemented, non-carcinogen treated group resembles human esophageal adenocarcinogenesis in many features. All the BE was the specialized type with goblet cells (containing sialomucin or sulfomucin) and columnar cells (containing acid or neutral mucin) as well as an incompletely developed brush border. Almost all of the BE was located at the bottom of the esophagus and was continuous with the duodenal mucosa; dysplasia became more frequent at later time points. All of the cancers were well-differentiated mucinous EAC, and most of the EAC had an adjacent area of BE with dysplasia. The results are consistent with the proposed human sequence for pathogenic events of BE progression to 'BE with dysplasia' and then to EAC. Esophagoduodenal anastomosis and iron treatment in rats produces a high rate of BE and EAC which are morphologically similar to human BE and EAC; this may be a useful animal model to study the development and prevention of EAC in humans.      

异位妊娠时宫内膜的临床病理特点

1 临床资料 1990-01/2003-12相关资料齐全的异位妊娠520例.年龄20～48岁.有明显闭经史502(96.5%)例,闭经40 d～3 mo;无明显闭经史18(3.5%)例,但有不规则阴道出血史.