CIRCADIAN DRINKING PATTERN OF SARDINIAN ALCOHOL-PREFERRING RATS

The present study was designed to assess the temporal patternof ethanol intake over a 24 h period in selectively bred, Sardinianalcohol-preferring (sP) rats Ethanol intake occurred under thetwo-bottle, free choice regimen. sP rats consumed ethanol inthree distinct peaks, rather regularly distributed over the12 h dark phase of the light-dark cycle and positively correlatedwith food intake episodes. The temporal distribution of ethanolintake and estimated blood alcohol levels are consistent withthe hypothesis that sP rats voluntarily drink ethanol for itspharmacological effects     

HIGH SENSITIVITY TO {lambda}-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID IN ETHANOL-PREFERRING sP RATS

Sensitivity to the sedative effect of     

Methylene chloride-soluble and insoluble ureines An X-ray diffraction,infrared absorption,and proton magnetic resonance study

An X-ray diffraction study has been carried out on single crystals of two symmetrical ureines (N,N′-diiopropylurea and the familiar N,N′-dicyclohexylurea) and one unsymmetrical ureine (N-tert.-butyl.N′-methylurea). The presence/absence of intermolecular H-bonds in the crystal state has been compared to the situation assessed in solution by ¹H n.m.r. It was shown by i.r. absorption that soluble ureines may disrupt intermolecular (peptide)N—H- O=C(peptide) H-bonds in methylene chloride, a point of practical interest, particularly in solid-phase peptide synthesis.     

REDUCED [3H]SCH 23390 BINDING AND DA-SENSITIVE ADENYLYL CYCLASE IN THE LIMBIC SYSTEM OF ETHANOL-PREFERRING RATS

Dopamine (DA) D₁ receptors and the response of adenylyl cyclase(AC) to dopamine stimulation were studied in the limbic areasand the caudate-putamen of Sardinian ethanol-preferring (SP),Sardinian ethanol-non-preferring (SNP) and Wistar unselected(UW) rats. SP rats exhibited a significantly lower number ofD₁ receptors, measured using [³H]SCH 23390 binding, and a decreasedresponse to DA stimulation than SNP and UW animals. Since SPrats have also a low number of D2 receptors, the results suggestthat an altered dopaminergic transmission may underlie theirinnate alcohol preference     

Umbilical omphalomesenteric duct polyp

患儿女,5个月. 主诉:脐窝红色丘疹4个月余. 现病史:患儿出生后半个月家长发现其脐窝有一红色丘疹,偶有少量出血,未予治疗.随着年龄增大皮损逐渐增大,为明确诊断,于2010年5月21日来我科门诊就诊.患儿系第1胎第1产,足月顺产. 既往史、个人史及家族史:无特殊. 体格检查:一般情况较好,各系统检查未见异常. 皮肤科检查:脐窝处可见一鲜红色丘疹,约0.5 cm × 0.7 cm,表面光滑湿润,质地柔软,丘疹表面及周围有少量渗血(图1). 组织病理检查:表皮不规则增生,可见细胞从复层鳞状上皮突然转变为肠型上皮,并伴有红细胞外溢和少量淋巴细胞浸润(图2A、B). 诊断:脐部肠系膜导管息肉.     

Doppler ultrasound evaluation of acute effects of cigarette smoking on portal blood flow in man

The acute systemic haemodynamic effects of cigarette smoking are well known, but there are no studies dealing with the possible smoke-related acute changes of splanchnic circulation in man. In the present study we evaluated the acute effects of cigarette smoking on portal blood flow (PBF) in normal subjects by the use of Doppler ultrasound. Twenty-three normal volunteers were asked to smoke two cigarettes with a known total nicotine content (1.1 mg each) in a supine position. Each cigarette was smoked during a 5 min period and a 5 min interval between the two cigarettes was allowed. Both mean PBF velocity and volume were evaluated at time 0 (basal values) and 8, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after the first inhalation of the first cigarette. The basal mean PBF velocity (22 cm/s; 95% CI 20.9–24.2) was significantly decreased at 8 min (19 cm/s; 95% CI 17.9–20.8; P< 0.0007) and 15 min (20 cm/s; 95% CI 17.8–21.3; P< 0.005). Similarly, the PBF volumes at 8 min (710 mL/min; 95% CI 660–876; P< 0.002) and 15 min (750 mL/min; 95% CI 650–862; P< 0.005) were significantly lower than those measured at time 0 (850 mL/min; 95% CI 766–987). Both mean PBF velocity and volume measured at successive times did not differ significantly from basal values. The present study shows that cigarette smoking causes acute and transient reduction of PBF velocity and volume in normal subjects.     

Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome: An efficient spontaneous portosystemic collateral preventing oesophageal varices bleeding

The protective role of large spontaeous portosystemic shunts in oesophageal varices bleeding due to portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis is still debated. A series of 20 consecutive patients with haemodynamically efficient collaterals involving the para-umbilical-epigastric venous route (evaluated by Echo-Doppler flowmetry) is reported. All patients presented absent or mild oesophageal varices at endoscopy. During a mean follow-up period of 23.5 months, no patient developed large varices or experienced variceal bleeding. Hepatic encephalopathy was present in 35% of patients. Haemodynamically efficient spontaneous portosystemic shunts may protect cirrhotic patients from the risk of oesophageal varices forming and bleeding. The diversion of large amounts of blood from portal to systemic circulation correlates with the higher trend of hepatic encephalopathy in these patients.