浅谈藏医药现代化进程中继承与发展并重的原则

文章从藏医药的继承与发展创新、藏医的整体观疾病观、藏医药的理论、坚持藏药藏方两条腿走路等,探索藏医药的生存发展之路。     

匙精胶囊毒理学研究

目的观察小鼠和大鼠分别灌胃给予匙精胶囊的急性毒性作用和长期毒性作用。方法采用Bliss法测定小鼠灌胃匙精胶囊的LD50以及大鼠连续灌胃匙精胶囊180d,观察给药180d的生长、发育,血液学、血液生化学、组织病理变化及停药30d时上述指标的变化。结果昆明种小鼠灌胃匙精胶囊的LD50为294．23g/kg。匙精胶囊大鼠给药180d的毒性试验,剂量分别为5．0,10．0,20．0g／kg（指含生药量,下同）（相当于临床60kg人用量的13．3,26．7,53．3倍）,给药期间各组大鼠毛色、活动、二便均无异常变化,但给药组大鼠摄食、饮水、体重以及部分血液生化学指标和脏器系数有异常变化,停药后,上述异常变化指标均已恢复正常。给药期和恢复期主要脏器病理组织学检查,除给药期间高剂量死亡7只大鼠,解剖发现其肺部和肾脏均有感染,其它给药各组大鼠均无异常发现。结论长期大剂量灌胃给予匙精胶囊对大鼠有一定毒性,但停药后均已恢复。     

The current global status of chinese materia medica

The Chinese government has recently established a national project to improve the standards of Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) products, particularly regarding their quality control and safety evaluation, in order to promote modernization and increase international trade. In 2006, the global sales value of Chinese medicinal products increased to 20 billion US$, and the export value of CMM was up to more than 1 billion US$. However, the standard of these products still needs to be improved to meet the more stringent requirements of the international markets. Over the past decade we have witnessed the increasing growth in popularity of health foods and herbal medicinal products, especially Chinese Materia Medica products (CMM). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

裴学义治疗小儿发热经验

裴学义教授临床经验丰富,擅长治疗温热病及疑难杂证.根据小儿脏腑特点、病因病机以及临床表现,认为反复发热或长期发作可直接影响小儿的生长发育,因此发热的辨证论治在临床中十分重要,提出以辛凉六法治发热、以调理脾胃防复发的学术观点,并指出辛凉法治疗发热的用药禁忌,并附验案二则,以示对临床的重要指导意义.     

Computed tomography and clinical parameters predict intracerebral hemorrhage expansion

This study aimed to evaluate the association of imaging signs, and to establish a predictive model through selecting highly relevant imaging signs in combination with clinical parameters for hematoma expansion.Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) patients who received 2 consecutive noncontrast computed tomography scans were examined and recruited through January 2014 to December 2020. Demographic information and clinical characteristics were collected. Two experienced radiologists reviewed baseline noncontrast computed tomography images to assess the imaging characteristics. Correlation analysis was analyzed with Pearson and Spearman correlation tests. The association between clinical and imaging predictors with hematoma expansion was evaluated in multivariate models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was adopted to evaluate predictive performance.A total of 232 ICH patients, with mean age of 59.73 years, and 31% of female were included, among which, 32 patients occurred with hematoma expansion. For sex, ICH density, low density in hematoma, the midline shift, and Glasgow Coma Scale score, liquid level, H-tra, edema Cor, H Volume, time from onset to examination, there were significant differences between the 2 groups. As for imaging signs, only blend sign showed a significant difference, that patients with blend sign had a higher incidence of ICH expansion. The logistic analysis found that radiation attenuation, liquid level, the midline shift, Glasgow Coma Scale score, history of ischemic stroke, and smoking could predict the occurrence of ICH expansion.In summary, the model combined radiological characteristics with clinical indicators showed considerable predictive performance. Further validation is needed to verify the findings and help transfer to clinical practice.     

Successful treatment of pancreatic schwannoma by enucleation: A case report

Rationale:Pancreatic schwannomas are extremely rare and are difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Over the past 50 years, only 96 cases of pancreatic schwannoma have been reported in English literature. Herein, we report a case of pancreatic schwannoma treated with enucleation.Patient concerns:A 66-year-old woman visited a local hospital due to ventosities. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a pancreatic mass. She visited our hospital for further diagnosis and treatment.Diagnosis and interventions:Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the pancreatic body, and a solid pseudopapillary tumor was considered preoperatively. During the surgery, a pancreatic mass was found growing in the pancreatic body and tail. A successful tumor enucleation was performed. The mass was 7 × 6 × 3 cm in size with a thin capsule. Pathological examination revealed that the tumor was mainly composed of spindle-shaped cells with a palisading arrangement and no atypia. Both hypercellular and hypocellular areas were visible. Immunohistochemical staining showed that protein S-100 was strongly positive. The tumor was diagnosed as a benign schwannoma originating from the pancreatic body and tail.Outcomes:Postoperatively, the patient showed good recovery. During the 24-month follow-up period, the patient remained well and free of complications.Lessons:Pancreatic schwannomas are extremely rare and difficult to diagnose using imaging examinations. Enucleation is a safe and efficacious treatment for exophytic pancreatic schwannomas.     

脊柱手术后并发深静脉血栓的研究现状

深静脉血栓(DVT)作为脊柱手术后常见的并发症,其危害严重。现通过探讨脊柱手术后并发深静脉血栓的流行病学、病因、诊断、预防和治疗,指出脊柱手术的术前、术中、术后存在较多DVT形成的风险因素,以利于加强手术前后的综合预防措施,减少发生率。对已发生DVT者应结合相关临床症状和辅助检查尽快进行诊断,并选择给予安全、有效的治疗方案,将不良后果降到最低。     

Molecular regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis and its role in gastrointestinal oncology: Progress and updates

Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors, including liver, pancreatic, gastric, and colorectal cancers, have a high incidence rate and low survival rate due to the lack of effective therapeutic methods and frequent relapses. Surgery and postoperative chemoradiotherapy have largely reduced the fatality rates for most GI tumors, but these therapeutic approaches result in poor prognoses due to severe adverse reactions and the development of drug resistance. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis plays an important role in the onset and progression of GI tumors. Ferroptosis is a new non-apoptotic form of cell death, which is iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). The activation of ferroptosis can lead to tumor cell death. Thus, regulating ferroptosis in tumor cells may become a new therapeutic approach for tumors, making it become a research hotspot. Current studies suggest that ferroptosis is mainly triggered by the accumulation of lipid ROS. Furthermore, several studies have indicated that ferroptosis may be a new approach for the treatment of GI tumors. Here, we review current research progress on the mechanism of ferroptosis, current inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis, and the role of ferroptosis in GI tumors to propose new methods for the treatment of such tumors.