低脉压与晚期慢性心衰患者利钠肽和死亡率升高独立相关

目的:脉压(PP)升高一贯用来预测有心血管疾病危险患者和轻度慢性心衰(CH F)患者的心血管疾病发生率和死亡率增高。相反,PP降低与急性失代偿性心衰患者死亡率升高相关。然而,尚不清楚PP对于晚期CH F患者的预测价值。方法和结果:采用Cox比例风险回归分析研究了1901例N YH A III或IV级CH F患者(平均年龄65岁,平均射血分数26%)的资料,经校正其他危险因素后,分析PP对死亡率的影响。检测了1个亚组患者的利钠肽水平。多元Cox回归分析表明,PP降低与死亡率增高相关(每增加10m m H g的H R为0.91,95%CI0.93～0.99),这一相关性独立于平均…     

卡维地洛对慢性心衰患者心室内和心室间同步性的影响

对30例稳定性心衰患者进行放射性核素心室造影和时相分析,确定基线时和最大耐受剂量卡维地洛治疗6个月后左心室和心室间的收缩同步性。与正常人群相比,心衰患者具有明显的心室不同步。基线时具有最显著不同步的患者中第50位百分位数表明,接受卡维地洛治疗后心室同步性得到显著改善,这与舒张末期左心室容量降低呈正相关。卡维地洛对慢性心衰患者心室内和心室间同步性的影响@Castro P. F.$Dr. Faculty of Medicine, P. Catholic University of Chile, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile @Mc-Nab P. @Quintana J. C. @王…     

Pretreatment with recombined human erythropoietin attenuates ischemia–reperfusion-induced lung injury in rats

Objective: Based on the findings that erythropoietin (EPO) has been proved to be a multiple functional cytokine to attenuate ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury in various organs such as brain, heart, and kidney in animals, this experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with recombined human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on I/R-induced lung injury. Methods: Left lungs of rats underwent 90 min of ischemia and then were reperfused for up to 2 h. Animals were randomly divided into three experimental groups as sham group, I/R group, and rhEPO + I/R group (a single dose of rhEPO was injected intraperitoneally 3000 U/kg 24 h prior to operation). Lung injury was evaluated according to semi-quantitive analysis of microscopic changes, tissue polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) accumulation (myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity), and pulmonary microvascular permeability (Evan's blue dying method). Peripheral arterial and venous blood samples were obtained for blood–gas analysis after 5 min occlusion of right lung hilus at the end of reperfusion. The serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- was also measured by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Histological injury scoring revealed significantly lessened lung alveolus edema and neutrophils infiltration in the rhEPO pretreated group compared with I/R group (p < 0.05). The rhEPO pretreated animals exhibited markedly decreased lung microvascular permeability (p < 0.05) and myeloperoxidase activity (p < 0.05). Blood–gas analysis demonstrated that the pretreated animals had significantly ameliorated pulmonary oxygenation function (p < 0.05). The serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor- in rhEPO pretreated group was markedly decreased compared with that of I/R group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Pretreatment with rhEPO appears to attenuate I/R-induced lung injury. This function is partly related with the capacity that rhEPO inhibits the accumulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in lung tissue and decreases the systematic expression of tumor necrosis factor-.     

国产氟康唑对小鼠隐球菌病的疗效

以５×１０３ｃｆｕ／鼠的新型隐球菌给小鼠脑室感染（ｉｃ）１ｈ后，分别口服氟康唑（Ｆｌｕ）５和１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）或酮康唑（Ｋｅｔ）５０和１００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），ｂｉｄ×９ｄ。对ｉｃ小鼠连续观察４０天的存活率和平均存活时间，Ｆｕｌ分别为５０％～７０％和８～１５天，Ｋｅｔ是３０％～４０％和５～９天。由小鼠侧尾静脉注射１０６ｃｆｕ／鼠新型隐球菌３天后产生的全身感染，分别给小鼠口服Ｆｌｕ２．５～１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）或Ｋｅｔ２５～１００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），ｂｉｄ×９ｄ。感染２４、２８和３２天的ＰＤ５０Ｆｌｕ是２．７、３．５和６．７ｍｇ／ｋｇ，Ｋｅｔ为２８．４、７０．４和８３ｍｇ／ｋｇ；Ｆｌｕ和Ｋｅｔ的平均存活时间分别是２３～３４天和２０～３１天。在上述两种实验模型中分离脑和肺做细菌培养，Ｆｌｕ均与对照和５０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）的Ｋｅｔ比较，对ｉｃ１０天及静脉注射感染１３天的小鼠，口服５和１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）或２．５～１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）Ｆｌｕ均显著抑制新型隐球菌生长。     

苯并恶唑类化合物的研究——Ⅰ.化合物的合成及光物理性能

合成了四种结构类型的苯并恶唑化合物共15个:测试了它们的红外吸收光谱,以及它们在DMF中的紫外吸收、荧光发射和激光发射光谱。苯基取代物的荧光量子产率在0.64～0.66,无激光性能。其余的化合物荧光量子产率都大于0.70,在最大吸收波长下的激光转换效率为2.5～5.9%。     

脂肪栓塞综合征：附19例报告

脂肪栓塞综合征是创伤或骨折的严重并发症，死亡率高，通过对１９例临床观察分析及复习文献，提出对本征诊断有重要意义的４项标准：（１）“暴风雪”样肺片；（２）皮肤或粘膜有出血点；（３）低氧血症；（４）血小板减少，并认为应用高压氧治疗本征是一种有效的方法。     

胸腰椎骨折脱位157例临床分析

本文报告157例胸腰椎骨折脱位病人,非手术治疗36例,手术治疗116例。作者对临床治疗中的有关问题进行了讨论。     

肌蒂移植术治疗陈旧性脊髓损伤(附56例报告)

作者采用肌蒂移植术治疗胸腰段陈旧性脊髓损伤56例.脊髓功能恢复率提高至Franke 1个等级以上者占76.8%(43/56).本文讨论了肌蒂移植术对陈旧性脊髓损伤的适应证.安徽省宿州市骨伤科医院淮北煤矿基建局医院     

正常人眼筛板的结缔组织纤维结构

采用组化特染，透射电镜和图象分析仪观察了３５只正常人眼筛板结缔组织的纤维成分和结构形态，根据生物力学原理分析了筛束的力学性质和筛板的结构特征，探讨了筛板的损害形式和在眼压与视神经损害间的中介作用及其影响因素。结果显示，筛束含有细胞间质所有三种纤维，具有弹性、塑性和刚性三重复合性质，筛板纵向椭圆、筛束行径和密度象限性差异及筛板厚度个体性差异等与筛板抗损害性能有关。眼压对筛板作用有两种途径，筛板损害是     

多巴酚丁胺负荷对缺血性扩张型心肌病患者左心室充盈的影响：病理生理学及预后意义

目的：本研究旨在探讨多巴酚丁胺对缺血性心肌病（ICM）患者左心室（LV）充盈功能的影响，并确定峰值负荷时限制性充盈型（RFP）是否具有预后预测价值。背景：ICM患者峰值负荷时RFP的预后价值尚属未知。方法：在静息和负荷情况下，采用多普勒超声心动检查研究了69例ICM患者；RFP定义为跨二尖瓣E／A比≥1．0、等容舒张时间（IVRT）〈80ms及E波减速时间（EDT）〈120ms。结果：69例患者中有42例静息时出现RFP，其中有24例患者负荷情况下转变为非RFP（EA），18例患者RFP持续存在（EE）；69例患者中27例静息和峰值负荷时均无RFP（AA）。