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81.
C. Fuller B. Lndt K. M. Dimitrov N. Lewis S. van Boheemen R. Fouchier F. Coven G. Goujgoulova R. Haddas I. Brown 《Transboundary and Emerging Diseases》2017,64(3):1001-1007
A number of contemporary outbreaks of Newcastle disease (ND) in Israel, Turkey, Georgia and Bulgaria have all been caused by a very similar viruses related to lineage 5a (genotype VIIa). Comparison with published ND virus (NDV) sequences suggests that this virus strain originated in South‐East Asia and on introduction has circulated widely in backyard poultry in the Middle East and into Eastern Europe. An intracerebral pathogenicity index of 1.9 was obtained for a representative isolate from Bulgaria. In addition, the International Reference Laboratory for ND has characterized a molecular epidemiologically linked virus that has been reported to have caused disease in well‐vaccinated broiler chickens in Pakistan. In the 1990s, another strain from the 5a lineage NDV was introduced into Europe and spread across the continent causing numerous outbreaks up to 1999. Despite improved controls, including good diagnostic tests and widespread vaccination, in commercial poultry, the novel circulating NDV strains described here have been established widely in the region and represent an increased risk for similar disease outbreak events to reoccur within the EU. 相似文献
82.
J. Ronald Condray George B. Fuller 《journal of environmental science and health part c-environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews》2013,31(2):215-228
Dibromochloropropane (1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, DBCP), a pesticide used widely for over 20 years to control nematodes on crops, turf and in nurseries, was banned by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) in 1977 because of evidence of infertility in men and induction of a variety of tumors in laboratory animals. Despite the ban on the use of DBCP, this pesticide remains persistent in soil and continues to be detected as a groundwater contaminant in areas of past high use, in particular California's Central Valley. In this review, we present a critical evaluation of the available scientific literature on the potential for DBCP to affect cancer risk, including the results of animal cancer bioassays, human epidemiological studies and in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity studies. In addition, we provide updated information on DBCP chemistry and metabolism, production and past use, current regulations, its environmental fate, potential for human exposure and current remediation efforts. Results from long-term cancer bioassays in rodents show a statistically significant increase in the incidence of malignant and benign mammary gland tumors in female rats treated orally with DBCP compared to controls and some evidence of increased incidence of mammary fibroadenomas in DBCP low-dose treated female rats exposed by inhalation. Significantly increased incidence of tumors of the forestomach occurred in both sexes of rats and mice treated orally. Rats exposed to DBCP by inhalation showed significant increases in tumors of the tunica vaginalis in males; tumors of the pharynx and adrenal gland in females; and tumors of the tongue, nasal turbinate and nasal cavity in both sexes compared to controls. Male and female mice exposed to DBCP by inhalation experienced increased tumor incidence in the lungs and nasal cavity compared to controls. Significant increases in tumors of the lung and forestomach have also been reported in female mice treated by a dermal route. Although high mortality rates in both rat and mouse bioassays limited the ability to detect tumors late in life, the induction of a variety of tumors by multiple routes of exposure in two rodent species provides clear evidence of a DBCP tumorigenic response. In vitro, in vivo and human genotoxicity studies indicate that DBCP is capable of acting as a mutagen and clastogen. Few studies have been conducted to assess whether DBCP workplace or drinking water exposures affect cancer risk in humans. While case-control, cohort and ecological epidemiology studies have not found significant, positive associations between DBCP exposure and cancer in exposed populations, these studies have numerous limitations including small numbers of participants, a lack of control for confounding factors, lack of exposure information on DBCP and other chemicals and short follow-up times. Given the persistent nature of DBCP contamination in areas of past use, efforts should be made to continue remediation efforts and follow previously exposed populations for development of certain human cancers, including breast, ovarian, stomach, respiratory, oral and nasal cancers, among others. 相似文献
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84.
Douglas L. Miller Xiaofang Lu Chunyan Dou Yiying I. Zhu Rachael Fuller Kristina Fields Mario L. Fabiilli Gabe E. Owens David Gordon Oliver D. Kripfgans 《Ultrasound in medicine & biology》2018,44(7):1439-1450
Ultrasound myocardial cavitation-enabled treatment was applied to the SS-16BN rat model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for proof of the principle underlying myocardial reduction therapy. A focused ultrasound transducer was targeted using 10-MHz imaging (10 S, GE Vivid 7) to the left ventricular wall of anesthetized rats in a warmed water bath. Pulse bursts of 4-MPa peak rarefactional pressure amplitude were intermittently triggered 1:8 heartbeats during a 10-min infusion of a microbubble suspension. Methylprednisolone was given to reduce initial inflammation, and Losartan was given to reduce fibrosis in the healing tissue. At 28 d post therapy, myocardial cavitation-enabled treatment significantly reduced the targeted wall thickness by 16.2% (p?<0.01) relative to shams, with myocardial strain rate and endocardial displacement reduced by 34% and 29%, respectively, which are sufficient for therapeutic treatment. Premature electrocardiogram complexes and plasma troponin measurements were found to identify optimal and suboptimal treatment cohorts and would aid in achieving the desired impact. With clinical translation, myocardial cavitation-enabled treatment should fill the need for a new non-invasive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy therapy option. 相似文献
85.
Patient‐ and family‐centred care in the intensive care unit: a challenge in the daily practice of healthcare professionals 下载免费PDF全文
86.
Pulmonary hypertension: Barrier or just a bump in the road in transplanting adults with congenital heart disease 下载免费PDF全文
Jonathan N. Menachem MD Edo Y. Birati MD Payman Zamani MD Anjali T. Owens MD Pavan Atluri MD Christian A. Bermudez MD David Drajpuch NP Stephanie Fuller MD Yuli Y. Kim MD Christopher E. Mascio MD Vikram Palanivel MD J. Eduardo Rame MD Joyce Wald DO Michael A. Acker MD Jeremy A. Mazurek MD 《Congenital heart disease》2018,13(4):492-498
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88.
Xinle Cui Zhouhong Cao Goutam Sen Gouri Chattopadhyay Deborah H. Fuller James T. Fuller Dustin M. Snapper Andrew L. Snow James J. Mond Clifford M. Snapper 《Vaccine》2013
Infectious mononucleosis and B-cell transformation in response to infection with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is dependent upon binding of the EBV envelope glycoprotein gp350 to CD21 on B-cells. Gp350-specific antibody comprises most of the EBV neutralizing activity in the serum of infected patients, making this protein a promising target antigen for a prophylactic EBV vaccine. We describe a novel, tetrameric gp350-based vaccine that exhibits markedly enhanced immunogenicity relative to its monomeric counterpart. Plasmid DNA was constructed for synthesis, within transfected CHO cells, of a tetrameric, truncated (a.a. 1–470) gp350 protein (gp3501–470). Tetrameric gp3501–470 induced ∼20-fold higher serum titers of gp3501–470-specific IgG and >19-fold enhancements in neutralizing titers at the highest dose, and was >25-fold more immunogenic on a per-weight basis than monomeric gp3501–470. Further, epidermal immunization with plasmid DNA encoding gp3501–470 tetramer induced 8-fold higher serum titers of gp3501–470-specific IgG relative to monomer. Tetrameric gp3501–470 binding to human CD21 was >24-fold more efficient on a per-weight basis than monomer, but neither tetramer nor monomer mediated polyclonal human B-cell activation. Finally, the introduction of strong, universal tetanus toxoid (TT)-specific CD4+ T-cell epitopes into the tetrameric gp3501–470 had no effect on the gp3501–470-specific IgG response in naïve mice, and resulted in suppressed gp3501–470-specific IgG responses in TT-primed mice. Collectively, these data suggest that tetrameric gp3501–470 is a potentially promising candidate for testing as a prophylactic EBV vaccine, and that protein multimerization, using the approach described herein, is likely to be clinically relevant for enhancing the immunogenicity of other proteins of vaccine interest. 相似文献
89.
John Imrie Graeme Hoddinott Sebastian Fuller Stephen Oliver Marie-Louise Newell 《AIDS and behavior》2013,17(1):70-76
Research into HIV and men who have sex with men’s (MSM) health in South Africa has been largely confined to the metropolitan centres. Only two studies were located making reference to MSM in rural contexts or same-sex behaviors among men in the same. There is growing recognition in South Africa that MSM are not only disproportionately affected by HIV and have been underserved by the country’s national response, but that they contribute significantly to sustaining the high number of new infections recorded each year. We argue that to meet the objectives of the country’s national strategic plan for HIV, STI and TB it is important we know how these behaviours may be contributing to the sustained rural HIV epidemic in the youngest age groups and determine what constitutes appropriate and feasible programmatic response that can be implemented in the country’s public sector health services. 相似文献
90.