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61.
JN HANNA WL SEXTON JL FAOAGALI PJ BUDA ML KENNETT KA BRUSSEN 《Journal of paediatrics and child health》1995,31(4):345-349
Objective: To determine the immunity to hepatitis B, poliomyelitis and measles in fully vaccinated Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children in north Queensland.
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of immunity in a sample of children; 101 fully vaccinated Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children, with a median age of 24.5 months, from 10 communities in North Queensland participated in this study. The main outcome measures were the prevalence of adequate antibody levels against hepatitis B, poliomyelitis and measles.
Results: Only 54% (95% Cl 44–63%) of the children had adequate immunity (10 m iu/mL) to hepatitis B, and one child had been infected despite vaccination. Although all the children (95% Cl 96–100%) had adequate immunity (i.e. neutralizing antibodies at a dilution of 1:8) to poliovirus 2, only 93% (95% Cl 86–96%) and 60% (95% Cl 50–69%) had adequate immunity to polioviruses 1 and 3, respectively. Nearly all (96%; 95% Cl 90–98%) of the children had adequate immunity (i.e. detectable IgG antibody) to measles.
Conclusions: Although a relatively low proportion of the children had adequate antibody levels against hepatitis B the clinical significance of this observation is uncertain. Further studies are needed to determine whether fully vaccinated Torres Strait Island children have been adequately protected and whether they require a booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine. A substantial proportion of fully vaccinated Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children are inadequately protected against poliomyelitis, and therefore any such child with acute flaccid paralysis should be investigated fully for poliomyelitis. Vaccinated Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children are well protected against measles, as are other Australian children. 相似文献
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of immunity in a sample of children; 101 fully vaccinated Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children, with a median age of 24.5 months, from 10 communities in North Queensland participated in this study. The main outcome measures were the prevalence of adequate antibody levels against hepatitis B, poliomyelitis and measles.
Results: Only 54% (95% Cl 44–63%) of the children had adequate immunity (10 m iu/mL) to hepatitis B, and one child had been infected despite vaccination. Although all the children (95% Cl 96–100%) had adequate immunity (i.e. neutralizing antibodies at a dilution of 1:8) to poliovirus 2, only 93% (95% Cl 86–96%) and 60% (95% Cl 50–69%) had adequate immunity to polioviruses 1 and 3, respectively. Nearly all (96%; 95% Cl 90–98%) of the children had adequate immunity (i.e. detectable IgG antibody) to measles.
Conclusions: Although a relatively low proportion of the children had adequate antibody levels against hepatitis B the clinical significance of this observation is uncertain. Further studies are needed to determine whether fully vaccinated Torres Strait Island children have been adequately protected and whether they require a booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine. A substantial proportion of fully vaccinated Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children are inadequately protected against poliomyelitis, and therefore any such child with acute flaccid paralysis should be investigated fully for poliomyelitis. Vaccinated Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children are well protected against measles, as are other Australian children. 相似文献
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64.
Ayala Espinosa MJ Pérez-Santonja JJ Alió Y Sanz JL Artola Roig A Cardona Ausina C 《Archivos de la Sociedad Espa?ola de Oftalmología》2000,75(12):835-837
CASE REPORT: We present a case of traumatic displacement of corneal flap in the superior temporal quadrant 13 days after LASIK. The flap was repositioned after gentle irrigation of BSS, cleaned the interface and then drying the flap to verify its stability. In the next day the flap was adhered, clear cornea,smooth and visual acuity without correction was 1.00. DISCUSSION: We should try immediately to reposition the flap after traumatic displacement, as in this case. 相似文献
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66.
Herrador Montiel A Sánchez Vicente JL Sánchez Vicente P 《Archivos de la Sociedad Espa?ola de Oftalmología》2000,75(10):697-700
PURPOSE/METHODS: We report a 34-year-old woman with sytemic lupus erythematosus (S.L.E.) and antiphospholipidic syndrome which presented severe ischaemic retinopathy and neovascular proliferation. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: We achieved no progression of the disease and stabilization of visual acuity with panphotocoagulation. We recommend periodic ophtalmologic exams because of the scarce symptomatology. 相似文献
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68.
背景:在亚洲、非洲和欧洲,致病性H5N1流感病毒引起禽流感在家禽和候鸟中爆发流行,还导致了人类发病和死亡。虽然目前H5N1毒株引起人与人之间的传染不太可能,但它仍可能是未来流感大范围流行的潜在威胁因素。本试验的目的就是评价针对H5N1病毒株的裂解病毒疫苗的安全性和免疫原性。方法:对300名志愿者(年龄为18岁~40岁)进行随机、开放标签的、无对照的Ⅰ期试验。300名志愿者被分为6组:7.5mg血凝素加佐剂组(n=50)、7.5mg血凝素不加佐剂组(n=49)、15mg血凝素加佐剂组(n=50)、15mg血凝素不加佐剂组(n=50)、30mg血凝素加佐剂组(n=51)、30mg血… 相似文献
69.
Jaap Huisman Eline J Aukema Jan Berend Deijen Silvia CCM van Coeverden Gertjan JL Kaspers Heleen JH van der Pal Henriette A Delemarre-van de Waal 《BMC pediatrics》2008,8(1):25
Background
To reduce the risk of brain damage children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are nowadays mainly treated with intrathecal chemotherapy (ITC) instead of central nervous system (CNS) radiation therapy (CRT) to prevent CNS relapse. However, chemotherapy may also lead to cognitive deficits. As growth hormone deficiency (GHD) or impaired growth hormone secretion are frequently found in ALL patients treated with cranial radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy, we hypothesized that GH therapy may reduce cognitive deficits in these patients. 相似文献70.
Benzo[a]pyrene at an environmentally relevant dose is slowly absorbed by, and extensively metabolized in, tracheal epithelium 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Gerde P; Muggenburg BA; Thornton-Manning JR; Lewis JL; Pyon KH; Dahl AR 《Carcinogenesis》1997,18(9):1825-1832
While tobacco smoke has been conclusively identified as a lung carcinogen,
there is much debate over which smoke constituent(s) are primarily
responsible for its carcinogenicity. Previous studies in our laboratory
suggested that highly lipophilic carcinogens are slowly absorbed in the
thicker epithelium of the conducting airways, potentially allowing for
substantial local metabolism. The bioactivation of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons in airway epithelium may, hence, be important in tobacco
smoke-induced carcinogenesis. In the present study, the hypothesis of slow
absorption and substantial local metabolic activation of highly lipophilic
carcinogen in airway epithelium was tested in dogs. A single dose of
tritiated benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) dissolved in a saline/phospholipid
suspension was instilled in the trachea, just anterior to the carina. At
intervals of a few minutes up to 30 min over a 3-h period, blood samples
were drawn from the azygous vein, which drains the area around the point of
instillation, and from the systemic circulation. Tissue samples were taken
at the end of the experiment. The concentration of BaP with depth into the
tracheal mucosa was determined with autoradiography. BaP was slowly
absorbed into the trachea with a half-time of approximately 73 min, which
is consistent with diffusion-limited passage through the epithelium and
lead to local doses in the tracheal epithelium that were more than a
1000-fold those of other tissues. The long retention of BaP in the
epithelium provided the local metabolizing enzymes with high substrate
levels over a long period, resulting in extensive metabolism. At 3 h after
the exposure, 23% of the BaP-equivalent activity remained in the tracheal
mucosa. Of this fraction, 13% was parent compound, 28% was organic
extractable, 31% was water-soluble, and 28-7% of the instilled dose was
bound to tracheal tissues. These results explain the tendency of highly
lipophilic carcinogens, such as BaP, to induce tumors at the site of entry
and, furthermore, indicate that the highly lipophilic components of tobacco
smoke and polluted air may be the most important contributors to lung
tumors of the conducting airways.
相似文献