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141.
142.
Barbara Tomasino Eleonora Maggioni Carolina Bonivento Maria Nobile Serena D'Agostini Filippo Arrigoni Franco Fabbro Paolo Brambilla 《Human brain mapping》2022,43(13):4116
Mental imagery is part of people''s own internal processing and plays an important role in everyday life, cognition and pathology. The neural network supporting mental imagery is bottom‐up modulated by the imagery content. Here, we examined the complex associations of gender and age with the neural mechanisms underlying emotion imagery. We assessed the brain circuits involved in emotion mental imagery (vs. action imagery), controlled by a letter detection task on the same stimuli, chosen to ensure attention to the stimuli and to discourage imagery, in 91 men and women aged 14–65 years using fMRI. In women, compared with men, emotion imagery significantly increased activation within the right putamen, which is involved in emotional processing. Increasing age, significantly decreased mental imagery‐related activation in the left insula and cingulate cortex, areas involved in awareness of ones'' internal states, and it significantly decreased emotion verbs‐related activation in the left putamen, which is part of the limbic system. This finding suggests a top‐down mechanism by which gender and age, in interaction with bottom‐up effect of type of stimulus, or directly, can modulate the brain mechanisms underlying mental imagery. 相似文献
143.
Grainne Holleran Franco Scaldaferri Antonio Gasbarrini Diego Curr 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2020,34(1):77-93
Inflammatory bowel disease patients frequently use herbal products as complementary or alternative medicines to current pharmacotherapies and obtain information on them mainly from the internet, social media, or unlicensed practitioners. Clinicians should therefore take a more active role and become knowledgeable of the mechanisms of action and potential drug interactions of herbal medicines for which evidence of efficacy is available. The therapeutic efficacy and safety of several herbal medicines have been studied in double‐blind randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Evidence of efficacy is available for Andrographis paniculata extract; curcumin; a combination of myrrh, extract of chamomile flower, and coffee charcoal; and the Chinese herbal medicines Fufangkushen colon‐coated capsule and Xilei san in patients with ulcerative colitis; and Artemisia absinthium extract and Boswellia serrata resin extract in patients with Crohn's disease. However, most of this evidence comes from single small RCTs with short follow‐up, and the long‐term effects and safety of their use have not yet been established. Thus, our findings indicate that further appropriately sized RCTs are necessary prior to the recommended use of these herbal medicines in therapy. In the meantime, increasing awareness of their use, and potential drug interactions among physicians may help to reduce unwanted effects and adverse disease outcomes. 相似文献
144.
Metformin Decreases Circulating Androgen and Estrogen Levels in Nondiabetic Women With Breast Cancer
Carlo Campagnoli Franco Berrino Elisabetta Venturelli Chiara Abbà Nicoletta Biglia Tiziana Brucato Patrizia Cogliati Saverio Danese Michela Donadio Gianna Zito Patrizia Pasanisi 《Clinical breast cancer》2013,13(6):433-438
IntroductionDiabetic patients treated with metformin have a lower risk of developing BC or a better BC prognosis. Metformin might reduce cancer growth through direct antiproliferative effects or through indirect mechanisms, particularly the reduction of insulin. In a randomized study on nondiabetic BC patients in natural menopause with high testosterone levels, we observed a significant decrease in insulin and in testosterone levels with metformin 1500 mg/d compared with 1000 mg/d. We present the results of a new analysis of our study on the effect of metformin on the bioavailability of sex hormones.Patients and MethodsOne hundred twenty-four eligible women were initially invited to take metformin 500 mg/d for 3 months. The 108 women who completed the first 3 months continued the study using 1000 mg/d for 1 month. The women were then randomized into 2 groups, and, for the subsequent 5 months, 1 group increased the dose to 1500 mg/d, and the other group continued with 1000 mg/d.ResultsNinety-six women completed the study, 43 receiving metformin 1500 mg/day, and 53 receiving 1000 mg/day. The women receiving 1500 mg/d showed a greater and significant reduction of free testosterone (?29%) and estradiol (?38%), a borderline significant reduction of estrone and insulin-like growth factor-1, and a nonsignificant reduction of androstenedione. They also showed a nonsignificant increase of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.ConclusionMetformin does not interfere with the production of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. Besides, it decreases estradiol levels, basically through the reduction of testosterone. These hormonal changes might have clinical relevance. 相似文献
145.
Franco JG Baruffi RL Mauri AL Petersen CG Oliveira JB Vagnini L 《Reproductive biomedicine online》2008,17(1):42-45
The aim of this study was to determine the extent of DNA fragmentation and the presence of denatured single-stranded or normal double-stranded DNA in spermatozoa with large nuclear vacuoles (LNV) selected by high magnification. Fresh semen samples from 30 patients were prepared by discontinuous isolate concentration gradient. Spermatozoa with normal nucleus (NN) and LNV were selected at x8400 magnification and placed on different slides. DNA fragmentation was determined by TUNEL assay. Denatured and double-stranded DNA was identified by the acridine orange fluorescence method. DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa with LNV (29.1%) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than in spermatozoa with NN (15.9%). Therefore, cleavage of genomic DNA in low molecular weight DNA fragments (mono- and oligonucleosomes), and single-strand breaks (nicks) in high molecular weight DNA occur more frequently in spermatozoa with LNV. Similarly, the percentage of denatured-stranded DNA in spermatozoa with LNV (67.9%) was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than in spermatozoa with NN (33.1%). The high level of denatured DNA in spermatozoa with LNV suggests precocious decondensation and disaggregation of sperm chromatin fibres. The results show an association between LNV and DNA damage in spermatozoa, and support the routine morphological selection and injection of motile spermatozoa at high magnification for ICSI. 相似文献
146.
Castardo JC Prudente AS Ferreira J Guimarães CL Monache FD Filho VC Otuki MF Cabrini DA 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2008,118(3):405-411
Garcinia gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi (Clusiaceae) is widely distributed in Brazil and used in folk medicine to treat inflammation, pain, and urinary tract and other infections. However, very few studies have analyzed these therapeutic effects. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts from Garcinia gardneriana (HEGG) and some of its isolated biflavonoids were evaluated. The results showed that HEGG from the leaves, bark and seeds reduced carrageenan-induced mouse paw inflammation, in addition to diminishing the myeloperoxidase activity in the stimulated tissues. The reduction of neutrophil infiltration by treatment with the HEGG from leaves was confirmed by histology. The leaf extract also reduced the paw oedema evoked by bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandin E2 and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate. However, it partially decreased substance P and compound 48/80-caused paw oedema, without any influence on the arachidonic acid-induced oedema. Both of the isolated compounds, fukugetin and GB-2a, prevented the carrageenan-induced paw oedema. In conclusion, this study showed important anti-inflammatory effects of HEGG through its interaction with different intracellular signaling pathways, without interfering with the formation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. These characteristics, in addition to the wide distribution and culturing ease of the plant, confirm its popular use and highlight its promise in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. 相似文献
147.
Zampieri N Borruto F Zamboni C Camoglio FS 《Archives of gynecology and obstetrics》2008,277(4):303-306
Background Abdominal cystic formations in newborns are relatively common and often diagnostic suspicion arises in this regard even before
birth as a result of ultrasound scans carried out during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to highlight the problems posed
by the prenatal diagnosis of abdominal cysts in order to outline the most appropriate therapeutic approach in case of suspected
ovarian cysts.
Materials and methods Between January 2003 and January 2007, 57 women were enrolled in this study for a prenatal ultrasound (US) that revealed the
presence of an echo-rare or echo-free area in the foetal abdomen. After birth all babies underwent blood tests and abdominal
US scans in order to confirm or identify the nature of the cyst. If abdominal US could not show the nature of the cystic formation,
magnetic resonance imaging with sedation was performed. When the radiological tests were not useful to identify the nature
of the cysts and surgery was then necessary, surgical procedures were performed with laparoscopy.
Results Ultrasounds were useful to identify the diameter of the cysts but not all their origins; also MRI confirmed the morphology
and volume of the cysts, but could not give further details about their origin.
Discussion Abdominal ultrasound and finally laparoscopy used to treat and remove the cysts were useful to monitor all simple abdominal
cysts. MRI seemed not to be useful for the treatment of this condition, especially in the pediatric age when mild sedation
is required. 相似文献
148.
BACKGROUND: Endometrial ossification is a rare disease. More than 80% of cases occur after pregnancy, but it has been observed in patients with a history of endometritis, dilation and curettage, and metabolic disorders. CASE: A 42-year-old woman presented with osseous metaplasia of both the endometrium and ovaries. At laparoscopy both adnexa were covered with adhesions and were adherent to the posterior wall of the uterus. Following adhesiolysis, calcified nodules were removed from both ovaries with biopsy forceps. Endometrial bone tissue was removed by hysteroscopic resection. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of osseous metaplasia of both the endometrium and ovaries since all cases described to date in the literature involved only the uterine cavity. Conservative management with endoscopic surgery is effective. 相似文献
149.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
150.