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91.
This study provides normative data on 270 child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients using the Bender Recall technique as a measure of short-term visual memory. In addition, the authors present normative data on another immediate recall technique using the Coding section of the WISC-R. These findings are examined in light of age differences and IQ scores. Detailed instructions for administering the Coding Recall technique are presented. 相似文献
92.
Comparison of rapid,automated ribotyping and DNA macrorestriction analysis of Burkholderia pseudomallei 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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Inglis TJ O'Reilly L Foster N Clair A Sampson J 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2002,40(9):3198-3203
An automated ribotyping device (RiboPrinter) was used to determine the ribotypes of a collection of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates. In a preliminary evaluation with the restriction enzymes BamHI and EcoRI, the protocol with EcoRI was more discriminating. The reproducibilities of the ribotypes obtained with EcoRI (EcoRI ribotypes) were determined by testing three levels of bacterial loads. The performance of the manufacturer's software was assessed by comparing the machine-optimized ribotypes with the type determined from the original gel image analyzed with Bionumerics software. The library of B. pseudomallei EcoRI ribotypes was then compared with the ribotypes obtained by DNA macrorestriction analysis of XbaI digests by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The typeability of B. pseudomallei by EcoRI ribotyping was 100%, and the discrimination index was 0.94. The slightly greater discrimination provided by DNA macrorestriction analysis (0.96) was achieved at the expense of a significantly longer processing time of 6 days, although the method was only half the cost of automated ribotyping. Typeability by macrorestriction analysis was lower (97%) unless a thiourea step was added to neutralize the action of Tris-dependent endonucleases. The digital record of B. pseudomallei isolates analyzed thus far provides a useful resource for future epidemiological studies and will help shorten the response time in the event of a further melioidosis outbreak or the deliberate release of B. pseudomallei as a biohazard. 相似文献
93.
Virulence of protein A-deficient and alpha-toxin-deficient mutants of Staphylococcus aureus isolated by allele replacement. 总被引:7,自引:15,他引:7
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The gene coding for protein A (spa) of Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4 has been inactivated by substituting part of the spa coding sequence for a DNA fragment specifying resistance to ethidium bromide. The in vitro-constructed spa::EtBrr substitution mutation was introduced into the S. aureus chromosome by recombinational allele replacement. Southern blot hybridization showed that the in vitro-constructed mutation was present in the chromosomal spa locus. We have previously reported the inactivation of the alpha-toxin gene (hly) by allele replacement with an in vitro-constructed hly::Emr (erythromycin resistance) mutation (M. O'Reilly, J.C.S. de Azavedo, S. Kennedy, and T.J. Foster, Microb. Pathogen. 1:125-138, 1986). A double Spa- Hly- mutant was constructed by transduction. The virulence of Spa- and Hly- mutants was tested by experimental infection of mice. When subcutaneous injections were given, Hly- mutants formed a flat, darkened lesion, whereas Hly+ strains caused a raised, cream lesion. Alpha-toxin was shown to be a major factor in forming subcutaneous lesions and in causing the death of mice injected intraperitoneally. Spa- mutants were slightly less virulent than their Spa+ counterparts, which suggests that protein A is also a virulence factor of S. aureus. 相似文献
94.
C S Foster Y Tsai J G Monroe R Campbell M Cestari R Wetzig D Knipe M I Greene 《Clinical immunology and immunopathology》1986,40(2):313-325
We studied the influence of lgh-linked genes on the development of keratopathy after corneal inoculation with herpes simplex virus (HSV). Using congenic strains of mice, we found that the lgh-1 gene locus, or genes closely linked to it, influence the clinical expression of HSV infection. Mice with the lgh-1e or lgh-1d allotype routinely developed severe keratopathy after HSV corneal inoculation, whereas congenic strains with lgh-1a or lgh-1b allotype were less susceptible. Cell-mediated immune responses to HSV also differed between susceptible and resistant murine strains. We interpret our results to imply a genetic influence on cell-mediated, acquired immune responses to HSV infection. 相似文献
95.
Matz PE Foster GD Faith MS Wadden TA 《Journal of consulting and clinical psychology》2002,70(4):1040-1044
Predictors of body image dissatisfaction (BID) among obese people are poorly understood. In 79 obese women seeking weight reduction, associations with BID of self-esteem, youth teasing, adult teasing, and internalization of sociocultural appearance standards (ISAS) were studied. Analyses revealed that only self-esteem, adult teasing, and ISAS predicted BID. Results highlight the importance of adulthood self-esteem and interpersonal-cultural context--rather than childhood experiences--in predicting adulthood BID. 相似文献
96.
Interleukin-21 is a T-helper cytokine that regulates humoral immunity and cell-mediated anti-tumour responses 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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Cytokines and their receptors represent key targets for therapeutic intervention. Ligands are being used to supplement cell numbers that become depleted as a result of disease (organ failure, infection) or subsequent disease treatments (i.e. chemotherapy). Conversely, the inhibition of target cell binding by cytokines is an established strategy for abrogating pathologic cellular activities common to many immunological diseases. Considerable effort in biomedical research is being focused on the cytokine families that play a dominant role in regulating immunity and then prioritizing each member for its therapeutic potential. Currently, the interleukin-2 (IL-2) family of cytokines is widely recognized for its central involvement in controlling lymphocyte function and is the most explored for medical utility. Collectively, these proteins (or their antagonists) are either marketed drugs or have received advanced testing for an impressive array of indications including cancer, infectious disease, transplantation, inflammation and allergic asthma. Here we review the current understanding of IL-21, the most recent member of this cytokine family to be discovered. As will be discussed, IL-21 shares many of the same attributes as its relatives in that it has broad immunoregulatory activity and can modulate both humoral and cell-mediated responses. Its ability to stimulate durable anti-tumour responses in mice defines one therapeutic indication that merits clinical development. 相似文献
97.
Peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus induce tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-10 production in both T cells and monocytes in a human whole blood model
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Wang JE Jørgensen PF Almlöf M Thiemermann C Foster SJ Aasen AO Solberg R 《Infection and immunity》2000,68(7):3965-3970
98.
Dielectric properties of low-water-content tissues 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The dielectric properties of two low-water-content tissues, bone marrow and adipose tissue, were measured from 1 kHz to 1 GHz. From 1 kHz to 13 MHz, the measurements were performed using a parallel-plate capacitor method. From 10 MHz to 1 GHz, a reflection coefficient technique using an open-ended coaxial transmission line was employed. The tissue water contents ranged from 1 to almost 70% by weight. The dielectric properties correlate well with the values predicted by mixture theory. Comparison with previous results from high-water-content tissues suggests that bone marrow and adipose tissues contain less motionally altered water per unit dry volume than do the previously studied tissues with lower lipid fractions. The high degree of structural heterogeneity of these tissues was reflected in the large scatter of the data, a source of uncertainty that should be considered in practical applications of the present data. 相似文献
99.
Milan Stevanovic George R. Wodicka Joe D. Bourland George P. Graber Kirk S. Foster Gary C. Lantz Willis A. Tacker Allen Cymerman 《Annals of biomedical engineering》1995,23(6):720-727
Although potentially fatal increases in intracranial pressure (ICP) can occur in a number of pathological conditions, there
is no reliable and noninvasive procedure to detect ICP elevation and quantitatively monitor changes over time. In this experimental
study, the relationships between ICP elevation and the vibrational response of the head were determined. An ovine animal model
was employed in which incremental increases in ICP were elicited and directly measured through intraventricular cannulae.
At each ICP increment, a vibration source elicited a flexural response of the animal's head that was measured at four locations
on the skull using accelerometers. Spectral analysis of the responses showed changes in proportion to ICP change up to roughly
20 cm H2O (15 mm Hg) above normal; a clinically significant range. Both magnitude and phase changes at frequencies between 4 and 7
kHz correlated well (γ>0.92) with ICP across the study group. These findings suggest that the vibrational response of the
head can be used to monitor changes in ICP noninvasively. 相似文献
100.
Meyer PF Gadsby PD Van Sickle D Schoenlein WE Foster KS Graber GP 《Medical & biological engineering & computing》2005,43(2):225-229
A new type of disposable external defibrillation electrode has been developed to reduce the skin irritation commonly associated
with defibrillation and synchronised cardioversion. This design employs an impedance gradient to reduce the proportion of
current delivered to the electrode periphery. The temperature distribution under the new electrode was compared with that
of four other types of commercially available electrodes after repeated high-energy biphasic defibrillation discharges to
domestic swine. Skin temperature distributions were acquired using non-invasive thermography. Measurements of the maximum
temperature rise at each electrode site, taken 3.6s after the fifth defibrillation discharge, demonstrated that the new impedance-gradient
electrode produced 50–60% less skin heating than two of the three uniform-impedance electrode designs. Histological examination
of erythematous sites excised 24h after defibrillation quantified the associated skin damage using a scoring protocol developed
for this study. In contrast to previous studies, histological examinations demonstrated second-degree skin burns following
defibrillation. The new electrode design, however, induced 44–46% less skin damage than two of the traditional uniform-impedance
electrodes. 相似文献