Exposure to Family Violence and Temperament Factors as Predictors of Adult Psychopathology and Substance Use Outcomes

This study examines the potential for a negative psychological impact as a result of childhood exposure to family violence. Psychopathological outcomes in adulthood, such as alcohol problems and depression, are examined in light of reports of childhood physical abuse and exposure to parental violence. A national household probability sample of over 3,000 respondents were asked whether they had, as children, observed violence or threats of violence between their parents or whether they had directly experienced violence from one or both parents. Observed threats of violence was the most potent predictor of depression and current heavy drinking in women. Among men, observed threats of violence predicted current heavy drinking, and alcohol dependence symptoms; personal experience of violence predicted depression. Impulsivity was a main effect predictor of virtually all outcome variables for men and women, but typically did not interact with experience or observation of violence. Findings suggest that individuals who remember childhood experiences of indirect violence from parental conflicts have higher rates of pathological adult outcomes. Impulsivity and sensation seeking are highly related to these outcomes over and above violence history. Family conflict variables and temperament variables are highly correlated with one another but make independent contributions.     

Pain evaluation and management: a survey of Italian radiotherapists

Goals The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge possessed and the attitudes held by Italian radiotherapists regarding evaluation and treatment of pain.Methods One hundred and twenty-six radiotherapists completed a 16-item questionnaire that was specifically designed to investigate three main topics: the attention paid to pain, the use of analgesics, and pain in children. Chi-square or Fishers exact text was employed to evaluate differences based on position (staff/resident), age (<35/>35 years old), availability of consultants in pain therapy and/or palliative care, colleagues with main interest in palliative care among their own staff, and region of residence (north/center/south of Italy).Results Overall percentage of correct answers was 76.6% (range 34.9–94.4%). Correct answers by groups of items were: attention paid to pain 77.3%, use of analgesics 81.5%, and pain in children 63.7%.Conclusion Results of the survey demonstrate that knowledge and attitudes of Italian radiotherapists towards the approach to and treatment of pain can be considered satisfactory.     

Predictive value of common genetic variants in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis survival

Journal of Molecular Medicine - Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown etiology. The role of genetic risk factors has been the...     

Oligoclonal banding detected by urinary protein electrophoresis and immunofixation in two patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome and proteinuria

Monoclonal and oligoclonal banding has been observed in electrophoretograms of serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and urinary protein from patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is the first report of kappa oligoclonal banding in the protein electrophoretograms for urine but not for serum of two patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Both patients had proteinuria, but only one had the nephrotic syndrome and renal failure. Serum oligoclonal banding in HIV-infected patients occurs much more frequently than in age-matched controls and may be detected before AIDS or lymphadenopathy syndrome evolves. The use of oligoclonal banding as a marker for HIV infection is currently under investigation. Urine as well as serum samples should be included in this research.     

Intravenous Immunoglobulins as a new opportunity to treat discoid lupus erythematosus: A case report and review of the literature

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic dermatological disease that can lead to scarring, alopecia and dyspigmentation, if not properly treated. Actually, no drugs are specifically approved for the treatment of CLE, although the first-line therapy usually consists of photoprotection associated to topical or oral steroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). In cases of DLE refractory to these medications, many other agents have been employed, such as dapsone, methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, biologic drugs and Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG).We described the case of a DLE patient resistant to combination therapy with steroid and HCQ who was successfully treated with cyclical IVIG therapy. The treatment with IVIG resulted rapidly effective with persistent efficacy and low rates of relapses, although more cycles of IVIG are needed to achieve a stable clinical remission.We also discussed the beneficial and promising effects of IVIG in patients with Cutaneous Lupus reporting the previously published data.     

Manutenção da anestesia inalatória com a máscara facial Janus para substituição de válvula aórtica transcateter: uma série de casos

Background and objectives

Aortic stenosis is the most common type of heart valve disease. Percutaneous aortic valve replacement has become the alternative for patients considered at high risk for surgery. Controlled mechanical ventilation with tracheal intubation has been the choice for this type of procedure, however the use of noninvasive ventilation in cardiac patients has shown to be beneficial. Janus is a novel full‐face mask that allows application of noninvasive ventilation support during anesthesia. Our main objective was to evaluate the feasibility of transcatheter aortic valve replacement with prolonged transesophageal echocardiographic monitoring under deep inhalational sedation delivered through a new mask for noninvasive ventilation.

Avaliação do programa de aprimoramento em anestesia cardiovascular por seus ex‐estagiários

Background

After advancement of cardiovascular surgery, there is also exponential development of anesthetic techniques in this field. Patients with increasing clinical complexity challenge cardiac anesthesiologists to keep constantly updated. An evaluation of Brazilian's cardiovascular anesthesia fellowship at Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology has been made and information has been collected to evaluate the fellowship program in cardiovascular anesthesia.