Maternal Age at Menarche and Pubertal Timing in Boys and Girls: A Cohort Study From Chongqing,China

PurposeThis study explored the association of maternal age at menarche (AAM) with pubertal timing among girls and boys in Chongqing, China.MethodsPubertal development of 1,237 children (542 girls and 695 boys) were examined half-yearly through inspection and palpation from April 2014 to June 2019. Characteristics of parents and maternal AAM were collected by a parental questionnaire at baseline. Maternal AAM was used both as a continuous and a categorical variable in Cox regression models.ResultsA total of 1,198 children (528 girls and 670 boys) were included in the study. In the simple Cox model, earlier maternal AAM was associated with girls' earlier menarche, breast and pubic hair development, and boys' first ejaculation, testicular development, and genital development. When adjusting for children's body mass index z-scores (BMIz) and socioeconomic covariates, we found that girls whose mothers had early AAM had a higher risk of earlier onset of menarche (hazard ratio [HR]: .922, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .852–.998 for continuous maternal AAM, HR: 1.297, 95% CI: 1.041–1.616 for maternal AAM ≤13 years), and boys whose mother achieved menarche earlier experienced a higher risk of earlier onset of first ejaculation (HR: .896, 95% CI: .830–.968). Children's BMIz were related to all nine pubertal milestones. Parental education and relationship, birth weight, parity, and family type were also associated with pubertal timing.ConclusionsEarlier maternal AAM was related to earlier pubertal timing in both girls and boys in Chongqing, especially girls' age at menarche and boys' first ejaculation. Children's BMIz was the most consistent factor for pubertal timing. Children's BMIz and socioeconomic conditions had greater influence on most pubertal milestones than maternal AAM.     

干细胞治疗子宫内膜损伤的研究进展

感染因素或宫腔手术操作导致的子宫内膜损伤阻碍胚胎的着床和发育,严重影响妇女的身心健康与生育能力。但目前治疗手段有限且效果欠佳。干细胞具有自我更新和分化潜能,在病变损伤组织的修复过程中发挥重要作用。骨髓间充质干细胞、脐带间充质干细胞、子宫内膜干细胞、脂肪干细胞和人羊膜上皮细胞等多种干细胞治疗子宫内膜损伤已在动物模型和临床研究中开展,并展现出巨大的潜力。干细胞治疗可促进子宫内膜细胞再生,改善子宫内膜厚度和微血管密度,提高受孕率并改善生育结局。干细胞治疗从形态和功能上改善子宫内膜,促进月经和生殖功能的恢复,为治疗子宫内膜损伤提供一种新策略。     

肝硬化上消化道出血患者血浆TXB2、6—酮—PGF1α及vWF的变化

为进一步探讨肝硬化患者上消化道出血的发生机制及病理生理意义,采用ELISA方法分别定量测定40例肝硬化患者与10例对照组患者血浆血栓素B2（TXB2）、6－酮－前列腺素F1α（6－酮－PGF1α）及血管性假血友病因子（vWF）的水平。结果显示：肝硬化患者无上消化道出血组血浆TXB2水平、TXB2／6酮－PGF1α比值较对照组明显降低（P＜0．05）,较出血组显著增高（P＜0．05或0．01）;而血浆6－酮－PGF1α与vWF水平较对照组明显增高（P＜0．05或0．01）,较出血组显著降低（P＜0．05）。结果表明,肝硬化患者上消化道出血与血浆TXB2下降、6－酮－PGF1α升高及其比例衡有密切关系,vWF水平升高能反映肝硬化血管内皮损伤及上消化道出血倾向。     

东菱精纯克栓酶对荷瘤裸鼠全血Casson值的影响

为观察并了解东菱精纯克栓酶对荷瘤裸鼠全血Casson值的影响,采用锥板式粘度计对移植了胃癌和鼻咽癌的荷瘤裸鼠使用东菱精纯克栓酶前后的全血粘度进行检测,并采用线性回归的方法求出各组Casson粘度(CV)及Casson屈服值(CY)。结果显示,使用东菱精纯克栓酶后两组荷瘤裸鼠全血(CV)值皆明显下降(P＜0.01);(CY)值在胃癌组明显下降(P＜0.01),鼻咽癌组无明显变化(P＞0.05)。结果表明,使用东菱精纯克栓酶对荷瘤裸鼠的血液流变学参数有明显改善,提示有可能将其应用于临床预防肿瘤转移及扩散。     

五参平律汤合律平治疗早搏96例临床观察

目的：观察五参平律汤合心律平对早搏的临床疗效,探讨可能的作用机理,方法：在对症治疗的基础上,随机分成五参平律汤合心律平组（治疗组）,和单用心律平组（对照组）进行临床观察,结果：治疗组抗早搏总有效率为865,对照组为71．75,两组差异显著,P＜0．01。结论：五参平律汤合心律平治疗早搏明显优于单用心律平,可能机能为补心平律,活血通络,改善心肌营养,抑制异位节律及折返传导,是否同时具有抗心律平的致心律失常作用有待以后验证。     

中枢性疲劳症候群临床与血清色氨酸的研究

目的：对珠海市中学生中枢性疲劳症候群的临床,患病率及与血清色氨酸的关系进行研究。方法：采用单纯随机抽样和整群一级抽样方法,对4年中学1594人进行问卷调查作为初筛,筛出有症状的部分人在医院进行以排除其它疾病为 的精查,并做血清色氨酸含量的测量,结果：临床表现自主神经症状,睡眠障碍,精神症状,推测珠海市中学生中患病率为11％,血清色氨酸含量较正常对照组低,两组有显著差异（P＜0．01）,结论：中枢性疲劳症候群是珠海地区中学生中的常见病,应积极于以防治;血中色氨酸含量的测定对诊断该疾病有一定的价值。     

孕妇维生素营养状况对胎儿生长发育的影响

目的探讨孕妇维生素营养状况对胎儿生长发育的影响。方法以湖南省长沙市224名孕妇为调查对象,测定不同孕龄孕妇的血清维生素水平及胎儿生长发育评价指标,并对孕妇的膳食营养摄入,生活因素进行了调查。结果孕妇血清维生素E水平随妊娠进展明显上升,叶酸水平则下降,孕晚期尤为明显,逐步回归分析显示,孕妇血清维生素A、维生素E、叶酸水平均影响胎儿的生长发育(P＜0.05),维生素E的作用最大;典型相关分析显示,孕妇的四项血清维生素水平与孕妇产前宫高、腹围、胎儿股骨长、新生儿出生体重、新生儿Apgar评分五项指标呈正相关(P＜0.05)。结论孕妇维生素营养状况与胎儿生长发育密切相关。     

大鼠中脑至上丘的传入投射

目的：研究大鼠中脑核团到上丘的传人纤维投射。方法：应用荧光金(FG)逆行追踪技术研究大鼠上丘传人纤维的中脑起源。结果：对侧上丘(SC),同侧下丘(IC),外侧丘系背侧核(dll),中央灰质(CG)和双侧黑质(SN),中脑深核(dpM),视束核(ot),二叠体旁核(pbg)观察到FG逆行标记细胞。结论：上丘存在复杂的纤维联系,参与多种生理活动。     

黄芪水煎剂和黄芪多糖对CD3AK细胞毒性的增强作用

目的探讨黄芪水煎剂和黄芪多糖(APS)对CD3AK细胞毒性的增强作用.方法将黄芪水煎剂、不同浓度的APS分别加入CD3AK细胞和靶细胞K562中,共同培养24 h后,用MTT比色法测定CD3AK细胞毒性.结果黄芪水煎剂和APS具有明显增强CD3AK细胞的毒性(P＜0.001),有效剂量为0.01 g/L.结论黄芪水煎剂和黄芪多糖能够增强CD3AK细胞的细胞毒性作用.     

Oncogene Mdm2 takes part in hepatocarcinogenesis

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