新生儿血糖监测（附32例临床分析）

应用英国产“ＨＹＰＯＣＯＵＮＴＧＡ”微量血糖测定仪（氧化酶光电比色法）对同期住院新生儿不分病种连续３天进行空腹血糖监测。结果在原发疾病情况下表现出低血糖发生频率高，而低血糖症状又被原发疾病所掩盖。在３２例中足月儿２３例，足月小样儿４例，早产儿５例，在３２例９６次监测中发现低血糖１４例，其中足月儿９例，早产儿５例．发病率为４３．７％；高血糖３例。无一例死亡。提示：新生儿患病情况下，易发生低血糖，其发生与疾病、孕周有关而与体重无关。因此，在新生儿期必须注意及时喂养与补充葡萄糖，防止低血糖时间过长对脑部造成损伤。     

Triflavin, an Arg-Gly-Asp containing snake venom peptide, inhibits aggregation of human platelets induced by human hepatoma cell line

Triflavin, an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing peptide, purified from snake venom of Trimeresurus flavoviridis, inhibits human platelet aggregation through the blockade of fibrinogen binding to fibrinogen receptors associated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex. In this report, we examined the effect of triflavin on tumor cells (human hepatoma J-5)-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) of heparinized platelet-rich plasma (PRP). ADP-scavenger agents, apyrase (10 U/ml) and creatine phosphate (5 mM)/creatine phosphokinase (5 U/ml) did not inhibit TCIPA while hirudin (5u/ml) completely inhibited it. J-5 cells initially induced platelet aggregation, then blood coagulation occurred. J-5 cells concentration-dependently shortened the recalcification time of normal as well as Factor VIII, IX-deficient human plasmas, while it was inactive at shortening the recalcification time of Factor VII-deficient plasma, suggesting J-5 cells induced platelet aggregation through activation of extrinsic pathway, leading to thrombin formation as evidenced by the amidolytic activity on S-2238 by expressing tissue factor-like activity. Triflavin inhibited TCIPA in a dose-dependent manner (IC₅₀, 0.02 μM). When compared on molar ratio, triflavin was approximately 30,000 times more potent than GRGDS (IC₅₀,0.58 mM). On the other hand, GRGES showed no significant effect on TCIPA, even its concentration was raised to 4 mM. Additionally, the monoclonal antibodies, raised against glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex (i.e., 7E₃ and 10 E₅) inhibited J-5 TCIPA. In conclusion, we suggest the inhibitory effect of triflavin on J-5 TCIPA may be chiefly mediated by the binding of triflavin to the fibrinogen receptor associated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex on platelet surface membrane.     

Protein insufficiency aggravates the enhanced lipid peroxidation and reduced activities of antioxidative enzymes in rats fed diets high in polyunsaturated fat.

To investigate the effects of dietary protein and polyunsaturated fat levels on tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes, Long-Evans male weanling rats were fed either an 8% lactalbumin diet containing 2% (L2), 5% (L5), 10% (L10), 15% (L15) or 20% (L20) soybean oil or a 20% lactalbumin diet containing 5% (N5) or 20% (N20) soybean oil for 8 weeks. The tissue thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations of the L2 group were similar to those of the N5 group except in plasma in which they were higher. The L5 group generally showed tissue TBARS concentrations comparable to the N20 group. Gradually increasing the dietary soybean oil level in the low protein diet further increased the tissue TBARS concentrations. The L20 group had significantly higher TBARS in RBC, liver, heart, kidney and muscle than the N20 group. The low protein-fed groups had lower activities of glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9), superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) in liver and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) in RBC than the N5 group. Compared with the N5 group, the N20 group also showed higher TBARS concentrations and lower activities of certain antioxidative enzymes in some tissues. The antioxidative enzyme activities decreased more drastically with the increasing dietary soybean oil level in the low protein-fed groups than in those fed a normal level of protein. Supplementation of 150 mg/kg of all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate to the L15 diet slightly decreased the TBARS in plasma, heart and liver and restored the depressed activities of RBC superoxide dismutase and catalase. The results indicated that insufficiency of dietary protein aggravates the enhanced production of TBARS and the reduced activities of antioxidant enzyme in rats fed a high soybean oil diet.     

银杏叶提取物中的芦丁含量测定

用紫外分光光度法测定银杏叶提取物中芦丁的含量，结果表明：以６０％丙酮或７０％乙醇提取银杏叶，所得提取物的芦丁含量为３３．２７％～４３．３８％。     

通过原生质体融合获得青霉素高产菌株

采用两株分别带有不同抗药性标记的产黄青霉原生质体以1:1相混合,用30％的聚乙二醇(MW6000)原生质体融合处理。将混和物涂布在补给有两种药物同时存在的高渗性分离培养基上,培养后获得异核体菌落。洗下异核体分生孢于继续分离在补给有两种药物同时存在的分离培养基上,得到了同时带有两种抗性标记的重组体。纯化后,进行抗性稳定性和摇瓶效价的测定,将一株具有双重抗性、摇瓶发酵效价较高的菌株作出发菌株,经诱变因子处理后,获得了一株43u7c—57菌株,在摇瓶中效价比生产菌株平均提高4.94％,该菌株在40吨发酵罐试生产后,发酵效价平均提高4.4％,产量则平均增加12.15％。     

胸部X线与CT诊断支气管结核的临床价值

目的分析胸部X线及CT影像征象在支气管结核临床诊断中的价值和意义。方法收集本院经病理及电子支气管镜证实为支气管结核105例，对照其胸部X线与CT表现进行回顾性分析。结果105例患者中，胸部X线显示伴有肺内结核灶77例，气管狭窄、肺叶不张分别为51例和49例，未见异常表现17例。胸部CT扫描对气管狭窄及肺叶不张检出率明显提高，分别为72例和61例，且能观察到气管内壁情况及狭窄或阻塞后肺野情况，伴肺内结核灶79例，无异常改变只有8例。结论提高对支气管结核的影像学认识，能有效地提高临床诊断准确率。     

Enhancement of cisplatin sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant human cervical carcinoma cells by bryostatin 1.

PURPOSE: Bryostatin 1, a unique protein kinase C (PKC) activator, is already in the clinical trials. An understanding of complex regulation of PKC by bryostatin 1 is essential for effective use of bryostatin 1 in the clinic. We have previously shown that the ability of bryostatin 1 to enhance cisplatin sensitivity correlated with its ability to down-regulate PKCdelta in HeLa cells. We have investigated how bryostatin 1 influences PKCdelta regulation in cisplatin-resistant HeLa (HeLa/CP) cells, and if bryostatin 1 could be used to reverse cisplatin resistance. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), bryostatin 1, and small interfering RNA were used to manipulate PKC level/activation status. Cell death was monitored by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Annexin V dye-binding assay, and analysis of hypodiploid peak in a flow cytometer. RESULTS: Bryostatin 1 elicited a biphasic concentration response on PKCdelta down-regulation and cisplatin-induced cell death in HeLa/CP cells; the maximum effect was achieved with 1 nmol/L bryostatin 1. Down-regulation of PKCalpha increased with increasing concentrations of bryostatin 1. PDBu induced down-regulation of PKCalpha in HeLa and HeLa/CP cells but it had little effect on PKCdelta down-regulation in HeLa/CP cells. However, both PDBu and bryostatin 1 enhanced the sensitivity of HeLa/CP cells to cisplatin. Knockdown of PKCdelta by small interfering RNA inhibited cisplatin-induced apoptosis but knockdown of PKCalpha enhanced cisplatin-induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that although PKCdelta acts as a proapoptotic protein, full-length PKCdelta may inhibit cisplatin-induced cell death. Thus, persistent activation/down-regulation of PKCdelta by bryostatin 1 was associated with cisplatin sensitization. Furthermore, PKCalpha acts as an antiapoptotic protein and down-regulation of PKCalpha by PDBu was associated with cellular sensitization to cisplatin.     

The use of microimplants in orthodontic anchorage.

PURPOSE: Various types of temporary implants have been introduced to serve as orthodontic anchorage. The hypothesis of this study is that microimplants of 1.2 mm diameter can be used as orthodontic anchors, and that their success is related to their length. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of anchor retention after orthodontic force application for moving teeth, and to determine the relationship of microimplant length to retention rate. METHODS: Fifty-nine microimplants (diameter: 1.2 mm) were placed in 29 patients as orthodontic anchorages. After 2 weeks of microimplant placement, a force of 100 to 200 g was loaded with an elastometric chain or NiTi coil spring. Risk factors were characterized as to why a microimplant may fail, and Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Nine microimplants were removed and the overall success rate was 84.7%. Exploring the causes for failure, we found significant differences between the length of microimplants and success rate; 6 mm was 72.2% and 8 mm was 90.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that microimplants are suited as an alternative orthodontic anchorage. We recommend that 8-mm microimplants are preferable to 6-mm.     

Acupuncture at otoacupoint heart for treatment of vascular hypertension.

The immediate, short-term and long-term depressor effects, the immediate effects on cardiac functions in grade II and grade III vascular hypertension, and the effects on angiotensin II in grade III vascular hypertension by acupuncture at otoacupoint Heart were studied in 30 cases of vascular hypertensive patients. The immediate depressor effect of acupuncture at otoacupoint Stomach was also recorded for comparison. It was found that acupuncture at otoacupoint Heart produced marked immediate depressor effect, and the short-term effective rate was 100%, the long-term effective rate was 63.3%, as well as evident immediate effects on cardiac functional activities in grade II and grade III hypertension and marked effects on angiotensin II in grade III hypertension. Acupuncture at otoacupoint Stomach produced no depressor effect on vascular hypertension.