硒对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注的保护作用及其作用机制研究

目的 研究亚硒酸钠对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法 将50只沙土鼠随机分为5组，Ⅰ组：假手术组；Ⅱ组：缺血灌注1天处死组；Ⅲ组：缺血再灌注4天处死组；Ⅳ组：硒处理、缺血再灌1天处死组；Ⅴ组：硒处理、缺血再灌注4天处死组。采用夹闭双侧颈动脉法制备沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注模型，焦油紫染色，光镜下观察各组海马CAl区神经细胞的形态变化，电镜下超微结构变化。同时测定脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量。结果 硒处理组沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注后，神经细胞病理形态损伤较轻，SOD、GSH-PX含量较高，MDA含量较低。结论 硒对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用，其机制可能和增强脑缺血再灌注早期脑组织中SOD、GSH-PX的活性，抑制氧自由基损伤，减轻脂质过氧化反应有关。     

Eligible Veterans'' Choice Between VA-covered and Non-VA-covered Dental Care

Veterans who were eligible for dental care in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities at no monetary cost responded to a mailed questionnaire. Seventy-one percent were aware that they were actually eligible for VA dental care. However, only 48 percent reported the VA as their only or primary source of dental care. Eligibility status, perceived quality of VA dental care, use of VA medical care, perception that one's income meets expenses, and perceived need for dental care were significant correlates of using the VA as one's current source of dental care. Level of formal education, perception that one's income meets expenses, transportation pattern, geographic distance from a VA facility, and eligibility status were significant correlates of using the VA as one's current medical care source. Research on VA utilization offers the opportunity to study issues of access to, and use of, a large public health care system whose patients largely receive care at no monetary cost. Veterans' use of VA dental and medical care is apparently influenced by a wide variety of factors, ranging from barriers to access to non-VA systems, to characteristics of the VA delivery system itself, to need for treatment.     

甲状腺功能亢进症患儿合并糖代谢紊乱10例临床分析

目的：探讨儿童甲亢患者糖代谢紊乱的特点。方法：用SUPER GLUCOCARD^TM血糖仪和放射免疫方法检测29例甲亢患儿餐前、餐后60min、120min血糖和餐前、餐后60min胰岛素、C肽、胰高糖素、皮质醇及T3、T4、TSH、TGA、TMA（其中10例糖耐量减低为甲亢1组，另19例糖耐量正常为甲亢2组），并与20例健康儿童进行比较。结果：（1）34．5％甲亢患儿出现糖代谢紊乱，病程大于1年和小于1年糖代谢紊乱发生率为50％，9％（P＜0．05）。（2）甲亢1组餐后60min胰岛素、胰岛素／血糖、胰岛素／胰高糖素显著升高（P＜0．05）。结论：甲亢儿童存在糖代谢紊乱现象，表现为葡萄糖耐量减低和胰岛素拮抗，其发生与病程有关，病程较长，发生率较高。糖代谢紊乱可能与自身免疫、胰岛β细胞功能受损及胰岛素拮抗有关。     

INTERFERONS IN ONCOLOGY

SUMMARY The interferons are natural glycoproteins secreted in response to various stimuli, including viral infection. They have antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects on different target cell populations. Since recombinant human interferons have become available, they have been tested in a wide range of malignancies. They are well established in the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia, chronic myelogenous leukaemia and multiple myeloma. Although they have documented activity against lymphoma, melanoma, renal cell cancer and carcinoid tumours, their role in the treatment of these tumours is less clear. In the common solid tumours, such as lung cancer and colorectal cancer, the use of interferons remains experimental. Here we will summarise their practice applications in oncology, using randomised studies where available to establish their place in multi-modality treatment. We will not discuss their use as antiviral or immunomodulating agents in viral and autoimmune diseases, multiple sclerosis or after organ transplantation.