氮杂双环中烯丙基区域性重排反应

以Ｌ－脯氨酸为原料，经四步反应得到Ｎ－烯丙基－１－酮基氮杂双环［４．３．０］壬烷溴化物和Ｎ－烯丙基－１－酮基氮杂双环［５．３．０］癸烷溴化物，它们在强碱作用下发生［２，３］－σ重排，生成９－烯丙基－１－酮基氮杂双环［４．３．０］壬烷和１０－烯丙基－１－酮基氮杂双环［５．３．０］癸烷。提出了可能的反应机理。     

Proteolytic processing of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 produces a membrane-bound fragment containing two epidermal growth factor-like domains.

The amino-terminal sequence has been obtained for 2 fragments of the Plasmodium falciparum T9/94 merozoite surface protein precursor (PfMSP1) and these have been compared with the sequence predicted from the gene. These data define the position of these fragments in the precursor and indicate that the C-terminal sequence which is carried into the red cell during invasion consists of 2 epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains. A homologous cleavage sequence and domain structure can be identified in the MSP1 molecules of other malarial species. In addition the results suggest that the smaller fragment is not N-glycosylated.     

广东省SARS流行株M基因序列分析

目的：测定广东省不同流行时期13份SARS病毒(SARS CoV)标本的M基因序列，通过分析该基因序列的变异情况，初步了解广东省SARS病毒在流行过程中是否发生了变异。方法：提取病毒RNA，用M基因特异引物进行RT-PCR，将产物纯化后直接测定核苷酸序列。结果：13份标本M基因核苷酸序列同源性很高，为99．7％～100％，M基因核苷酸序列只在2个位点(80和203位)发生变异，1株80位点的变化引起编码的氨基酸从苯丙氨酸(F)变为半胱氨酸(C)，3株203位变化为无义突变。结论：M基因核苷酸序列变异不大，初期和后期M基因核苷酸序列与流行高峰期的毒株相差1个碱基，但氨基酸序列相同；从香港感染病人分离的1株病毒M基因与广东本地感染分离株存在1个氨基酸的差异。     

Doppler examination and cerebral arterial stricture in patients with ischemic stroke

With the development of interventional therapy, it is necessary for evaluating cerebral vessels to instruct treatment and determine prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke; however, correlation of distribution of infarction focus and clinical symptoms with degrees of cerebrovasoular stricture is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics of cerebral arterial stricture of patients with ischemic stroke with transcranial Doppler (TCD) and color duplex flow imaging (CDFI) and compare the correlation between distribution of cerebral infarction focus and clinical types with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).DESIGN: Contrast observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 159 patients with ischemic stroke were selected from the Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University from January to December 2005, including 106 males and 53 females aged from 27 to 88 years. Bases on diagnostic criteria of cerebrovascular disease established by Rao et al, clinical manifestations of all patients were evaluated with CT or nuclear magnetic resonance. All patients provided the confirmed consent.METHODS: The accepted patients received TCD and CDFI examination at 1 week after onset of ischemic stroke. Among them, 112 patients received cerebrovascular imaging examination simultaneously. MRI was used to check cerebral infarction focus and cerebrovascular stricture ＞ 50% was regarded as the accepted vessels. In addition, DWI-T2 TCD (Germany) was used to check middle cerebral artery, and degrees of middle cerebral artery were classified into mild, moderate and severe stricture based on blood velocity (140 cm/s,180 cm/s). Stroke was classified based on characteristics of infarction focus and clinical symptoms showed with MRI and correlation with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture was analyzed simultaneously.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation between the characteristics of ischemic stroke and clinical symptoms checked with TCD and CDFI.RESULTS: A total of 159 patients with ischemic stroke were involved in the final analysis; in addition, 112 oases received cerebrovascular imaging examination simultaneously. ① MRI results of 159 patients with cerebral artery occlusive disease (CAOD): There were 131 patients (82.3%) with cerebral infarction, 40 (25.2%)with transient ischemic attack and 4 (2.5%) with subclavian steal syndrome (SSS). ② Infarction types with MRI examination: There were 33 patients (20.8%) with solitary cerebral infarction and 98 (61.6%) with multiple-cerebral infarction. ③ Results of TCD, CDFI, MRI angiography, CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography (DSA): Among 112 patients, 181 lesion sites (61 .8%) were located in cranium and 112 lesion sites were located out of cranium; especially, lesion site was mostly observed in stem of middle cerebral artery (31.2%) and watershed of basilar artery (7.2%) in cranium and the beginning site of internal carotid artery (21 .4%) out of cranium. ④ Correlation of vascular stricture checking with TCD, MRI and clinical diagnosis: On one hand, MRI and clinical diagnosis demonstrated that 68 patients had a watershed infarction; meanwhile,TCD examination indicated that there were 3 patients with mild vascular stricture, 24 with moderate vascular stricture and 36 with severe vascular stricture. On the other hand, among 68 patients with non-watershed infarction, there were 27 patient with mild vascular stricture, 26 with moderate vascular stricture and 15 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences (x2 =26.854, P =0.001 ). Clinical diagnosis indicated that 40 patients had transient ischemic attack and TCD examination demonstrated that there were 8 patient with mild vascular stricture, 12 with moderate vascular stricture and 20 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences as compared with 68 patients with watershed infarction (x2 =21.258, P =0.001). ⑤Correlation of vascular stricture checking with CDFI, MRI and clinical diagnosis: On one hand, among patients who were determined as watershed infarction with MRI and clinical diagnosis, CDFI examination indicated that there were 32 patients with mild vascular stricture at neck, 25 with moderate vascular stricture and 6 with severe vascular stricture. On the other hand, among patients with non-watershed infarction, there were 48 patient with mild vascular stricture, 18 with moderate vascular stricture and 2 with severe vascular stricture.There were significant differences (x2 =6.018, P =0.019). Among patients with transient ischemic attack checking with clinical diagnosis, there were 23 patient with mild vascular stricture, 9 with moderate vascular stricture and 8 with severe vascular stricture. There were no significant differences as compared with patients with non-watershed infarction (x2 =0.597, P=0.440).CONCLUSION: ① TCD and CDFI are effective marks to determine cerebral arterial stricture and hemodynamical changes. ② Infarction and transient ischemic attack at watershed are generally clinical phenotypes of CAOD patients and infarction at watershed is correlated with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture.③ TCD, MRI and clinical analysis of stroke types are significant for instructing treatment and evaluate prognosis.     

颞叶癫痫大鼠海马CA1区Sema3C、Np1的表达变化研究

目的探讨颞叶癫痫的发病机制。方法取健康雄性SD大鼠制成颞叶癫痫模型，用免疫组织化学和原位杂交技术对匹罗卡品致痫后不同时间点CA1区的Sema3C mRNA、Np1 mRNA和蛋白表达进行分析。结果在匹罗卡品致痫后7d，实验组CA1区Sema3C、Np1的表达明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论CA1区Sema3C、Np1的表达下凋可能参与了海马CA1区内的轴突出芽机制。     

一种新的正交参数选优法及其在非线性回归分析中的应用

非线性回归分析是工程中经常采用的一种用来估计数学模型参数的方法，该方法能否顺利运用与参数初始值的选择有极大关系。本研究提出一种新的正交参数选优法——阻尼正交表法，它不仅可以保证非线性回归分析算法的顺利收敛，而且能够显著提高后者的收敛速度，进而极大改善非线性回归分析算法的应用性能。本研究的数值试验及心肌造影超声心动图定量分析应用实例表明，作为对传统正交参数选优法的一种改进，阻尼正交表法在科学与工程计算或信号与信息处理领域有着很好的应用前景。     

妊娠期肝病的诊断与治疗进展

妊娠期肝病约占妊娠的3％，对母婴危害较大。正确判断孕周和发病时期对疾病的种类作出正确的诊断，是最重要的治疗措施。[第一段]     

Ontogeny of gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the brain and hypophysis of the rat: an immunohistochemical analysis

The ontogeny of gamma-melanocyte stimulating hormone (gamma-MSH)-like immunoreactive (gamma-MSHI) structures in the brain and hypophysis was investigated in the rat by means of indirect immunofluorescence. gamma-MSHI neurons in the arcuate nucleus appeared at Day 13 of gestation, in the anterior hypophysis at Day 16, in the intermediate lobe at Day 18, and in the nucleus commissuralis after birth. gamma-MSHI fibers first appeared at Day 15 of gestation in the hypothalamic area and extended dorsally to reach the surface of the diencephalon. At Day 16 of gestation, another gamma-MSHI fiber bundle was found that ran laterally along the ventral surface of the diencephalon. At Day 19, immunoreactive fibers first appeared in the forebrain, diencephalon, midbrain and upper pons, and thereafter they increased in number, reaching a maximum at postnatal Day 15. gamma-MSHI fibers in the lower pons and medulla oblongata first appeared after birth. They also increased in number with age and reached a maximum at postnatal Day 15. The present ontogenetical study has demonstrated the different times of first appearance of each of the 3 major gamma-MSHI structures-containing cell groups in the brain, i.e., the arcuate nucleus, hypophysis and nucleus commissuralis. These findings may reflect the different functions of 3 groups of cells.     

铁路乘客乘车期间健康教育需求调查

目的调查铁路旅客乘车期间对健康教育的需求情况，为开展以列车为场所的健康教育可行性提供依据。方法选取3种车型6组列车。按照系统抽样原则，根据车厢编号随机抽取3～4节车厢，对乘客进行问卷调查，调查结果进行统计分析。结果收回有效调查问卷2204份，选择乘车期间有必要进行健康教育的为91．06％，教育需求列前3位依次是“与乘车相关的健康知识”91．42％，“预防传染病的知识”90．81％，“食品卫生与营养知识”88．96％。选择健康教育方式：51．66％的乘客选择“提供学习、宣传资料”，47．91％选择列车上广播。不同车次间乘客对健康教育内容需求差异无显著性。结论乘客对列车上开展健康教育需求很高，健康教育内容集中在与乘车相关健康知识和传染病的预防知识上，分别达到90％以上。健康教育的方式以提供学习资料和列车广播宣传为主。