Biomechanical performance of a braided absorbable suture

Lactomer and Polyglactin 910 sutures are both made of copolymers of lactide and glycolide. Biomechanical performance tests demonstrated superior handling characteristics of the Lactomer sutures. Using sutures comparable in size and knot construction, the Lactomer sutures exhibited knot holding force superior to the Polyglactin 910. Moreover, the low knot rundown forces encountered by the Lactomer sutures facilitated construction of secure knots that failed by breakage rather than by slippage.     

Biomechanical and clinical performance of a new synthetic monofilament absorbable suture

The clinical and mechanical performance of a new, monofilament, synthetic absorbable suture (Biosyn) was evaluated and compared to that of a braided synthetic absorbable suture (Vicryl). The monofilament synthetic absorbable suture was significantly stronger than the braided synthetic absorbable suture over the 4 weeks of implantation. In addition, the monofilament suture potentiated less bacterial infection than did the braided suture. The handling characteristics of the monofilament suture were superior to the braided suture because the monofilament suture required fewer throws to achieve knot security, encountered lower drag forces in fascia and colon, and had a greater double-wrapped first-throw knot security. Evaluated independently in clinical settings, the monofilament sutures were found to have excellent strength, first-throw hold, knot security, passage through tissue, knot repositioning, and ease of handling.     

Isolation and characterization of a hormone-producing cell line from human small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung.

A continuous cell culture line was established from a bone marrow metastasis of small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. The cultures were characterized by light and electron microscopy, and an unusual concentric arrangement of cells was observed, both in sectioned material from the patient's tumor and from the cell cultures. The cells had two types of specialized cell junctions and contained secretory-like granules of the type described in neuroendocrine cells. Lactic dehydrogenase isozyme patterns were the same as those observed in normal human serum, and the karyotype revealed the presence of several marker chromosomes. Vasopressin was present in the cells and secreted into the culture medium in the absence of neurophysin, as shown by the immunoperoxidase technique and radioimmunoassay. Oxytocin was also absent from cells.     

Knowledge and attitudes about otitis media risk: implications for prevention

OBJECTIVES: To investigate maternal knowledge and attitudes about otitis media (OM) risk, to estimate the prevalence of risk factors in the first year of life, and to identify barriers to the reduction of risk factors (eg, formula feeding, day care attendance, and exposure to passive smoke). METHODS: Questionnaires mailed to a systematic sample of 504 Minnesota women >/=18 years old identified through 1994 birth certificates. RESULTS: Eighty percent returned a completed survey. According to maternal report, 29% of infants (age 8 to 13 months) had recurrent OM (>/=3 episodes) and 2% had tympanostomy tubes. Forty-six percent attended day care, 29% had >/=1 smoking parent, and 49% breastfed for 相似文献   

Dietary polyamines promote the growth of azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in rat colon

We have examined whether dietary polyamines influence the formation and initial growth of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rat colon. Effects of a combination of dietary polyamines at three dose levels (putrescine: 50, 280, 740 nmol/g; spermidine: 10, 261, 763 nmol/g; spermine: 1, 31, 91 nmol/g) in the polyamine-poor AIN-76A diet were studied in animals in two different experimental situations: animals treated with AOM alone and animals treated with AOM + difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a specific inhibitor of endogenous polyamine synthesis. In both experimental situations, dietary polyamines enhanced the growth of ACF, expressed as the number of large ACF (foci with three or more aberrant crypts, ACF > or = 3), whereas the formation of ACF, expressed as the number of ACF, was apparently not altered. In animals treated with AOM alone, maximal growth enhancing effect on ACF was nearly obtained with the median level of dietary polyamine. In rats fed a low polyamine diet, basic AIN-76A, DFMO reduced the growth of AOM-induced ACF by 83%. This inhibitory effect of DFMO was counteracted by dietary polyamines in a dose- dependent manner, and it was abolished at the highest level of polyamines. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that dietary polyamines are able to enhance the growth of AOM-induced ACF. Further, dietary polyamines reversed the DFMO-caused inhibition of ACF growth, probably by compensating for the DFMO-reduced endogenous polyamine synthesis.      

二甲双胍治疗抗精神病药物引起的血脂异常:两项随机、安慰剂的对照研究

目的：验证二甲双胍治疗抗精神病药引起的血脂异常的疗效和安全性。方法：将两项随机、安慰剂的 对照研究纳入分析。共有201例服用抗精神病药物后出现血脂异常的首发精神分裂症患者,并将其分为1 000 mg/d 二甲双胍组(以下简称为二甲双胍组,n=103)和安慰剂组(n=98),观察24周。在基线、治疗后第12周和第24周进行 临床症状及体重、血糖、血脂等代谢指标的评估。结果：二甲双胍治疗后,二甲双胍组和安慰剂组之间低密度脂 蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)的平均差异从基线时的0.16 mmol/L,降低到第24周结束时的 –0.86 mmol/L,降低了1.02 mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。而24周结束时,二甲双胍组LDL-C≥3.37 mmol/L的 患者有25.3%,显著低于安慰剂组24周结束时的64.8%(P<0.01)。与安慰剂组相比,二甲双胍组的体重、体重指数、 胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、总胆固醇、三酰甘油和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇也有显著变化,差异均有统计学意义(均 P<0.05)。治疗对体重和胰岛素抵抗的影响出现在第12周,并且在第24周进一步改善,但对改善血脂异常的作用在第 24周结束时才出现。结论：二甲双胍治疗对于改善抗精神病药物引起的血脂异常和胰岛素抵抗是有效的,并且改善 抗精神病药物诱导的胰岛素抵抗出现的时间早于降低血脂异常的时间。     

Combination anti-CD137 and anti-CD40 antibody therapy in murine myc-driven hematological cancers

In order to stimulate antigen presentation and T cell activity against cancer, we treated three different tumor models in mice with the monoclonal antibodies anti-CD40 plus anti-CD137 (BiMab). In a subcutaneous transplantable MC38 colon cancer model, there was significant enhancement in the survival of mice following BiMab treatment. Anti-CD40 has shown considerable success against lymphoma in previous studies by other investigators, and we also showed in this study that, in a model of Eμ-Myc lymphoma, there was a statistically significant enhancement of survival of mice following BiMab treatment. Following the success of the BiMab treatment in the previous two models, we wished to determine if it would be successful in a mouse model of multiple myeloma. Firstly, we tested a transplantable model of disease in which multiple myeloma cells derived from Vk*MYC mice were injected intravenously. A minor proportion of anti-CD137 and BiMab treated mice experienced prolongation of life beyond 250 days. Then we tested the therapy in a spontaneously occurring multiple myeloma model, in Vk*MYC transgenic mice. The majority of mice treated survived longer than control mice, although statistical significance was not demonstrated.