Contribution of the inflow arteries to alterations cin total cerebrovascular resistance in the rabbit

The contribution made by the cerebral inflow arteries to total cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) and their importance in producing alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF) (i.e., changes in CVR) were investigated. The arterial blood pressure at the circle of Willis was measured in 14 anesthetized rabbits via transorbital retrograde cannulation of the ophthalmic artery. CBF was measured in 21 rabbits under identical experimental conditions, using the hydrogen clearance technique. Inflow artery resistance was calculated from the measurements which were made at both normocapnia and hypercapnia throughout hemorrhagic hypotension. Under resting conditions, the inflow arteries made a relatively minor contribution to total CVR (7%). Hypercapnia resulted in a decrease in CVR and an increase in CBF; however, inflow artery resistance remained constant. Autoregulation and reductions in total CVR were observed as PP was reduced to 35 mm Hg. Inflow artery resistance remained constant at pressures greater than 45 mm Hg and increased slightly at PP less than 45 mm Hg. The relative contribution of inflow artery resistance to total CVR increased under the various conditions studied — increasing by a factor of 2 during hypercapnia, by a factor of 3 during hypotension, and by a factor of 4 during hypotension 4 hypercapnia. We concluded that the large inflow arteries do not participate in the autoregulatory or CO₂ responses of the cerebrovasculature of the rabbit.     

Stage II seminoma: results of postorchiectomy irradiation

One hundred forty patients with testicular seminoma were treated at the State University of New York Health Science Center at Syracuse between 1966 and 1985. Disease was classified as stage II in 32 patients (23%): stage IIA in 21 patients and stage IIB in 11 patients. All patients underwent irradiation below the diaphragm after a radical orchiectomy, and 28 underwent planned mediastinal and supraclavicular irradiation. The median follow-up was 8 1/2 years; 24 of 32 patients have been followed up for more than 5 years. Twenty-eight patients remain alive and well; four patients died of intercurrent disease. Two patients developed a recurrent seminoma in the mediastinum; a variant lymphangiographic pattern was shown in these patients, and they were cured. A third patient developed a non-seminomatous "recurrence" in the ipsilateral, unirradiated, inguinal nodes and is well after chemotherapy.     

Comparison of two dengue NS1 rapid tests for sensitivity,specificity and relationship to viraemia and antibody responses

Background  

Dengue is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. Rapid and easy diagnosis of dengue can assist patient triage and care-management. The detection of DENV NS1 on rapid lateral flow tests offers a fast route to a presumptive dengue diagnosis but careful evaluations are urgently needed as more and more people use them.     

《亚洲男性学杂志》“21世纪精液分析特刊”后序

对这期特刊中各位作者讨论的主题予以总结和评论。     

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, vasculitis and critical aortic dilatation

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare X-linked disorder, comprising the triad eczema, thrombocytopenia and progressive immunodeficiency. The prognosis has been poor in the past but is now improving with therapeutic options including splenectomy and bone marrow transplantation. We report the case of a 21-year-old male with an established diagnosis of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, who developed aortic root dilatation with severe aortic regurgitation requiring aortic valve and root replacement. Histology confirmed a destructive, full-thickness, chronic aortitis. CONCLUSION: As treatment and prognosis improve, large vessel vasculitis may become an increasingly recognized late complication of this syndrome, which now extends into adult practice.