Taurine improves the differentiation of neural stem cells in fetal rats with intrauterine growth restriction via activation of the PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway

Metabolic Brain Disease - Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects brain neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation. In the present study, we investigated whether taurine supplementation may...     

某市公共场所公共用品用具达标的影响因素分析

目的了解2018—2019年甘肃省某市公共场所公共用品用具卫生达标的影响因素,为加强公共场所卫生管理、提高传染病防控技术以及公共场所卫生水平提供科学依据。方法分析2018—2019年1256份公共场所样品的微生物检测结果,按照《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》GB 37488-2019评价,采用单因素分析方法发现场所类型、量化分级和卫生知晓对公共用品用具的达标情况有显著影响的因素,利用二元Logistic回归分析进一步探究影响公共用品达标情况的因素。结果公共用品用具在宾馆/酒店占62.8%,量化分级A级占18.0%,卫生知晓占68.4%;回归分析显示,量化分级从C到A每变化一级,公共用品用具达标率增长56.2%(β=0.562);与不知晓的对象相比,卫生知晓每变化一个单位,公共用品用具达标率提升73.4%(β=0.734);以沐浴场所为参照,场所类型为宾馆或酒店时、公共用品用具达标的概率增加65.8%(β=0.658),场所类型为理发店时、公共用品用具达标的概率增加119.8%(β=1.198),场所类型为美容店时、公共用品用具达标的概率增加59.4%(β=0.594)。结论公共用品用具达标率主要受量化分级、卫生知晓情况以及场所类型影响;为提高公共场所卫生水平,应增强卫生监督监管力度并加强场所服务人员的卫生知识宣传教育。     

胰腺脓肿及胰腺坏死感染15例分析

目的:分析比较胰腺脓肿及胰腺坏死感染的临床特点、病原学特征、诊治措施和转归,以期改善其预后.方法:对1991年1月～2002年12月北京协和医院诊治的胰腺脓肿患者13例,胰腺坏死感染患者2例进行回顾性分析,比较其临床特点、诊断和治疗结果及预后.结果:(1)腴腺脓肿和胰腺坏死感染的好发因素有重症胰腺炎、手术后胰腺炎、囊肿穿刺引流.(2)所有患者病程中均有持续发热或体温降而复升,可伴或不伴腹痛、血白细胞和淀粉酶升高.(3)引流液细菌培养阳性率100%,由高到低依次为肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、肠球菌、葡萄球菌和类酵母菌等,73.3%(11/15)为混合感染.(4)在内科支持治疗基础上全部患者行局部穿刺置管或手术清创引流,80%(12/15)好转出院,20%(3/15)死亡或放弃治疗.结论:(1)对持续中等度以上发热大于3周或体温下降后再次上升者,适时进行胰腺穿刺可以获得早期诊断.(2)积极的外科或介入治疗,同时密切监护、加强抗感染和全身支持治疗,有可能改善患者的预后.(3)与手术相比,介入治疗在胰腺脓肿中的应用前景有待进一步研究.     

Development of SSR and SNP markers for identifying opium poppy

Papaver somniferum L. (opium poppy) is the original plant of heroin, which is a major narcotic drug, and this plant has brought great harm to human health. However, the ban on opium poppy cultivation and trafficking is facing great challenges because of abnormal profits. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification is important to address the abovementioned problems. In this study, eleven simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were mined to distinguish opium poppy from other six Papaver species. These molecular markers were further verified through a large number of plant materials of these seven Papaver species. An excellent multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system that simultaneously amplifies the three of eleven SSR markers was developed, which effectively improves the efficiency and speed of identification. The present research is of great implication for identifying and investigating the illegal cultivation and trafficking of opium poppy.

     

高静水压对内皮细胞一氧化氮合酶抑制物的影响及卡托普利的干预作用

目的 :观察高静水压培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞 (HUVECs)内源性一氧化氮 (NO)合酶抑制物———不对称二甲精氨酸 (ADMA)的影响及卡托普利的保护作用。方法 :采用改良的Jaffe法培养原代HUVECs,取生长良好的3～ 6代HUVECs用于实验 ,分为①大气压组 :加等量DMEM培养液 ;②高静水压组 ;③高压加卡托普利组。测定上清液中ADMA、左旋精氨酸 (L arg)、NO和内皮素 (ET)的浓度 ,并测定血管紧张素转化酶 (ACE)的活性。结果 :高静水压组ADMA、ET的量、细胞内钙 [Ca2 + ]i及ACE活性增加 ,而NO的量减少。卡托普利干预后 ,上清液中ADMA、ET的浓度减少 ,ACE活性降低 ,NO的量增加 ,而L arg水平无明显变化。结论 :高静水压通过增加ADMA导致内皮功能紊乱 ,卡托普利则能通过减少ADMA减轻高压导致的内皮细胞代谢功能障碍     

Accessing Men Who have Sex with Men Through Long-Chain Referral Recruitment,Guangzhou, China

Men who have sex with men (MSM) may account for an increasing proportion of China’s HIV epidemic, but remain difficult to access for epidemiological studies due to high stigma. We compare the composition of two samples of MSM obtained in Guangzhou, China. The first survey, conducted in 2004, recruited MSM through convenience sampling. The second survey in 2006 used long-chain referral recruitment in the context of respondent-driven sampling. Compared to convenience sampling, the long-chain referral method included higher proportions of subgroups of MSM thought to be at elevated risk for HIV infection and more difficult to reach, including internal migrants and those engaging in commercial sex. Long-chain referral also recruited more MSM who were under 25 years, unemployed, and had lower education. We conclude that long-chain referral recruitment will be more effective in tracking the leading edge of the epidemic among MSM in China than convenience sampling.     

Evidence that endothelin-1 (ET-1) inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in rat adipocytes mainly through ETa receptors

The specificity of endothelin (ET) receptors involved in the inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (ISGU) in rat adipocytes was investigated. Adipocytes were isolated from the epididymal fat pads of Sprague-Dawley rats. To determine receptor subtypes, we used three ET isopeptides, ET-1 and ET-2, both of which are nonselective agonists, and ET-3, a selective agonist for ETc receptors, to displace [¹²⁵I]ET-1 binding from the fat cells. The efficiency of displacement was ET-1 > ET-2 ? ET-3, indicating that the primary receptors involved belonged to the ETa subtype. At an equal concentration of 1 μmol/L, BQ-610, a selective ETa antagonist, displaced [¹²⁵I]ET-1 from binding to fat cells, whereas IRL-1038, a selective ETb antagonist, did not. Using [³H]2-deoxy-d-1-glucose ([³H]2-DG) as a tracer in studies of glucose uptake, we found that equimolar BQ-610 completely reversed the inhibitory effect of ET-1 on ISGU, whereas IRL-1038 was ineffective. Northern blot analysis of adipocyte receptors showed abundant mRNA for ETa, but no ETb subtype. These results clearly demonstrate that ETa is the predominant receptor in rat adipocytes.