芸香甙对大鼠内囊血肿的治疗作用

芸香甙是黄酮类化合物，就其对大鼠内囊血肿的保护作用进行了初步研究。在内囊血肿大鼠模型上，芸香甙５０、１００ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１可以明显改善大鼠的神经症状，降低神经症状和评分；芸香甙显著降低脑组织的丙二醛含量和提高超氧化物歧化酶的活性。     

加压滑动鹅头钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床与实验研究

探讨加压滑动鹅头钉在治疗股骨转子间骨折中的作用。临床应用４５例。男３４例，女１１例。平均年龄６１岁。稳定型１３例，不稳定型３２例。经临床应用和生物力学实验测定，结果表明：（１）对不稳定型转子间骨折，恢复小转子区内后侧皮质骨的连续性在骨折的稳定中具有重要作用。（２）内后侧骨折块解剖复位，加压螺丝钉固定或大转子骨折端加压螺丝钉固定能显著增强加压滑动鹅头钉的固定作用，明显提高不稳定型转子间骨折的术后稳定性。（３）该装置设计合理，性能坚固，对转子间骨折具有很强的固定作用，能有效地达到早期下床和避免长期卧床的目的，是目前临床最理想的内固定装置。     

Lesbianism in China

Lesbianism in China has a long but usually hidden history. This paper examines the historical and literary sources of the past to illustrate the history of lesbianism and then turns to a survey of lesbianism in the China of today. As in the past, lesbianism remains more or less hidden, and comes to light only occasionally. Data for contemporary China comes from a visit to an institution for delinquent young women, recent police records, and contemporary fiction. It has only been in the past 4 or 5 years that it was possible to talk about lesbianism and most lesbians are fearful of becoming identified.     

安徽省X射线诊断受检者剂量水平调查

目的　了解安徽省X射线诊断受检者体表剂量水平。方法　体表剂量监测按国家标准 ,采用热释光剂量计。结果　胸部摄片受检者的体表剂量最低 ,为 0 .39～ 0 .5 3mGy ,比胸部透视平均体表剂量减少 88.6 6 %。结论　减少或控制透视比例 ,降低受检者群体的体表剂量 ,以减少医疗照射对人体造成的危害。     

诺迪康对心脏活动的药理学作用

目的 :探讨诺迪康对心脏活动的药理学作用。方法 :运用 ms2 0 0 0多媒体生物信号处理系统 ,经 Straub法制备离体蛙心灌流标本并检测心脏活动 ,利用血流动力学方法检测家兔的心室活动等相关指标。结果 :2 0 9mg/L 诺迪康组的心肌收缩力增强 4 0 .38% (n =2 1,P <0 .0 0 1) ,4 18mg/L 诺迪康组的心肌收缩力增强 76 .4 4 % (n =17,P <0 .0 5 ) ,6 2 7mg/L 诺迪康组的心肌收缩力增强 10 4 .95 % (n =2 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,对照组的心肌收缩力无明显变化 (n =2 5 ,P >0 .5 ) ;三个实验组及对照组对离体蛙心率均无作用 ,P >0 .0 5 ;家兔血流动力学方面 ,诺迪康组的 dp/dtmax增加了 2 1.0 8% (n =10 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,其他各指标在对照组及诺迪康组均未见显著变化。结论 :诺迪康能增强心肌收缩力且有明显的剂量效应关系 ,可加速心肌的收缩速度但对心肌舒张无明显影响     

癫痫持续状态大鼠的蓝斑组织化学与图像分析研究

作者用马桑内酯致大鼠癫痫持续状态,取蓝斑用荧光组织化学方法显示去甲肾上腺素(NA),并用显微摄影自动曝光时间和图像分析两种方法测定荧光强度。结果:均显示大脑皮质包埋马桑内酯微粒的大鼠癫痫持续发作6小时后,蓝斑中NA荧光增强。用单胺氧化酶组化和图像分析法观察到该处酶活性增强。观察到在癫痫持续状态时NA起了一定的调控作用。     

Retention of "safe" blood donors. The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study

BACKGROUND: There are obvious advantages to increasing donor retention. However, for reasons of blood safety, certain donors may, in fact, be more desirable to retain than others. “Safe” donors are defined as those who provided a blood donation that was negative on all laboratory screening tests and who subsequently reported no behavioral risks in response to an anonymous survey. This study identifies the most important factors affecting the intention of “safe” donors to provide another donation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: An anonymous survey asking about donation history, sexual history, injecting drug use, and recent donation experience was mailed to 50,162 randomly selected allogeneic donors (including directed donors) who gave blood from April through July or from October through December 1993 at one of the five United States blood centers participating in the Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study. Before mailing, questionnaires were coded to designate donors with nonreactive laboratory screening tests at their most recent donation. RESULTS: A total of 34,726 donors (69%) responded, with substantially higher response among repeat donors. According to reported intentions only, the vast majority of “safe” donors indicated a high likelihood of donating again within the next 12 months. Only 3.4 percent reported a low likelihood of donating again. A comparison of those likely to return and those unlikely to return reveals significant differences in demographics and in ratings of the donation experience. A higher proportion of those unlikely to return were first-time donors, minority-group donors, and donors with less education. The highest projected loss among “safe” donors was seen for those who gave a fair to poor assessment of their treatment by blood center staff or of their physical well-being during or after donating. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that efforts to improve donors' perceptions of their donation experience, as well as attention to the physical effects of blood donation, may aid in the retention of both repeat and first-time donors.     

使用手性冠醚的高效毛细管电泳法研究伯胺类药物的手性分离

目的　采用HPCE法拆分伯胺类药物对映异构体。方法　缓冲液 2 0mmol/LTris 0 .1%H3 PO4(v/v)(pH 2 .0 6 ) +18 冠 6 四甲酸 (18C6H4) ;检测波长 2 10nm。结果　 8种伯胺类药物得以拆分。结论　缓冲液中添加手性冠醚的HPCE法能较好地拆分伯胺类药物。     

Doppler examination and cerebral arterial stricture in patients with ischemic stroke

With the development of interventional therapy, it is necessary for evaluating cerebral vessels to instruct treatment and determine prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke; however, correlation of distribution of infarction focus and clinical symptoms with degrees of cerebrovasoular stricture is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics of cerebral arterial stricture of patients with ischemic stroke with transcranial Doppler (TCD) and color duplex flow imaging (CDFI) and compare the correlation between distribution of cerebral infarction focus and clinical types with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).DESIGN: Contrast observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 159 patients with ischemic stroke were selected from the Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University from January to December 2005, including 106 males and 53 females aged from 27 to 88 years. Bases on diagnostic criteria of cerebrovascular disease established by Rao et al, clinical manifestations of all patients were evaluated with CT or nuclear magnetic resonance. All patients provided the confirmed consent.METHODS: The accepted patients received TCD and CDFI examination at 1 week after onset of ischemic stroke. Among them, 112 patients received cerebrovascular imaging examination simultaneously. MRI was used to check cerebral infarction focus and cerebrovascular stricture ＞ 50% was regarded as the accepted vessels. In addition, DWI-T2 TCD (Germany) was used to check middle cerebral artery, and degrees of middle cerebral artery were classified into mild, moderate and severe stricture based on blood velocity (140 cm/s,180 cm/s). Stroke was classified based on characteristics of infarction focus and clinical symptoms showed with MRI and correlation with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture was analyzed simultaneously.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation between the characteristics of ischemic stroke and clinical symptoms checked with TCD and CDFI.RESULTS: A total of 159 patients with ischemic stroke were involved in the final analysis; in addition, 112 oases received cerebrovascular imaging examination simultaneously. ① MRI results of 159 patients with cerebral artery occlusive disease (CAOD): There were 131 patients (82.3%) with cerebral infarction, 40 (25.2%)with transient ischemic attack and 4 (2.5%) with subclavian steal syndrome (SSS). ② Infarction types with MRI examination: There were 33 patients (20.8%) with solitary cerebral infarction and 98 (61.6%) with multiple-cerebral infarction. ③ Results of TCD, CDFI, MRI angiography, CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography (DSA): Among 112 patients, 181 lesion sites (61 .8%) were located in cranium and 112 lesion sites were located out of cranium; especially, lesion site was mostly observed in stem of middle cerebral artery (31.2%) and watershed of basilar artery (7.2%) in cranium and the beginning site of internal carotid artery (21 .4%) out of cranium. ④ Correlation of vascular stricture checking with TCD, MRI and clinical diagnosis: On one hand, MRI and clinical diagnosis demonstrated that 68 patients had a watershed infarction; meanwhile,TCD examination indicated that there were 3 patients with mild vascular stricture, 24 with moderate vascular stricture and 36 with severe vascular stricture. On the other hand, among 68 patients with non-watershed infarction, there were 27 patient with mild vascular stricture, 26 with moderate vascular stricture and 15 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences (x2 =26.854, P =0.001 ). Clinical diagnosis indicated that 40 patients had transient ischemic attack and TCD examination demonstrated that there were 8 patient with mild vascular stricture, 12 with moderate vascular stricture and 20 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences as compared with 68 patients with watershed infarction (x2 =21.258, P =0.001). ⑤Correlation of vascular stricture checking with CDFI, MRI and clinical diagnosis: On one hand, among patients who were determined as watershed infarction with MRI and clinical diagnosis, CDFI examination indicated that there were 32 patients with mild vascular stricture at neck, 25 with moderate vascular stricture and 6 with severe vascular stricture. On the other hand, among patients with non-watershed infarction, there were 48 patient with mild vascular stricture, 18 with moderate vascular stricture and 2 with severe vascular stricture.There were significant differences (x2 =6.018, P =0.019). Among patients with transient ischemic attack checking with clinical diagnosis, there were 23 patient with mild vascular stricture, 9 with moderate vascular stricture and 8 with severe vascular stricture. There were no significant differences as compared with patients with non-watershed infarction (x2 =0.597, P=0.440).CONCLUSION: ① TCD and CDFI are effective marks to determine cerebral arterial stricture and hemodynamical changes. ② Infarction and transient ischemic attack at watershed are generally clinical phenotypes of CAOD patients and infarction at watershed is correlated with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture.③ TCD, MRI and clinical analysis of stroke types are significant for instructing treatment and evaluate prognosis.     

胃管作尿道支撑引流管在尿道下裂中的应用

目的 评价单纯用胃管兼作尿道支撑管和引流管在尿道下裂尿道成形术中的作用。方法 回顾性分析新华医院1997年12月～2004年12月间收治的先天性尿道下裂患者，在做尿道成形手术中单纯应用胃管作尿道支撑引流管1176例，年龄6个月-20岁。未进行膀胱造瘘等尿液改道引流方法。结果 术后因发生尿瘘而需再次尿道成形术的113例（9．6％），尿道狭窄需再次手术成形的8例（0．7％），尿道裂开需尿道再成形的5例（0．4％）。结论 在尿道下裂尿道成形术中单纯用胃管兼作尿道支撑管和引流管引流尿液是充分有效的，无须另行尿流改道。