扩张型心肌病的病因分析与针对性治疗

目的:探讨扩张型心肌病(DCM)的病因,观察针对抗心肌抗体采取免疫学治疗的临床疗效和预后。方法:对2001年1月～2005年12月入院治疗的DCM患者301例的病史、诊治过程、随访结果进行回顾性分析。结果:301例中病毒阳性185例(占61.46%),抗心肌抗体阳性207例(68.77%),病毒感染与抗心肌抗体具有显著相关性。随访时间0.6～5.5(2.1±1.6)年,抗心肌线粒体腺嘌呤核苷酸异位酶抗体(抗ANT抗体)阳性患者(A组)治疗后平均左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)为(61.13±8.57)mm,LVEF为(42.65±11.45)%,平均心胸比(HTR)0.56±0.06;抗β1-肾上腺素能受体抗体(抗β1-受体抗体)阳性患者(B组)治疗后LVEDd(61.85±6.48)mm,LVEF(41.75±10.87)%,HTR0.56±0.02;抗ANT抗体和抗β1-受体抗体均阳性患者(C组)治疗后LVEDd(63.48±8.82)mm,LVEF(39.39±7.95)%,HTR0.57±0.08。3组与治疗前比较均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)、NYHA心功能分级均改善Ⅰ～Ⅱ级。结论:病毒感染/自身免疫是DCM的常见致病因素,针对抗ANT抗体早期使用地尔硫和针对抗β1-受体抗体使用美托洛尔治疗DCM均可明显改善患者心脏功能,提高其生活质量。     

冠状动脉内自体骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗急性心肌梗死患者的疗效

目的:探讨急性心肌梗死患者自体骨髓单个核细胞经冠状动脉移植的安全性和对心功能的保护作用。方法:2003年3月以来,84例急性心肌梗死患者急诊静脉溶栓或急诊经皮冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)加支架治疗后2周内行择期冠状动脉造影或PTCA加支架治疗,其中50例抽取骨髓40ml,提取单个核细胞,经冠状动脉注入,另34例不做自体骨髓单个核细胞经冠状动脉移植,作为对照组。81例患者术前和术后6个月、2年均行多巴酚丁胺负荷试验(另3例未完成超声心动图随访观察)。结果:治疗组患者临床随访无明显不良反应,心功能明显改善,运动耐量增加。多巴酚丁胺负荷试验左室射血分数(LVEF)和室壁运动记分指数(WMSI)显著改善,峰值LVEF和WMSI与基础状态LVEF和WMSI的差值在治疗前后相比,与对照组相比均差异有统计学意义。结论:自体骨髓单个核细胞经冠状动脉移植治疗急性心肌梗死患者,经6个月～2年的临床观察无明显不良反应,具备安全性,多巴酚丁胺负荷试验显示出自体骨髓单个核细胞治疗对梗死后心功能有保护作用。     

疣状皮肤结核继发糜烂溃疡一例

患者,男,60岁。臀部、腹股沟红斑丘疹、溃疡7个月余。多次在我科门诊就诊,诊断为湿疹、传染性湿疹样皮炎、皮肤溃疡等,治疗效果差。后收住院诊治,组织病理提示上皮样细胞肉芽肿及干酪样坏死,PPD试验阳性,TSPOT阳性,诊断：疣状皮肤结核继发细菌感染。给予异烟肼、利福平及盐酸乙胺丁醇三联口服治疗后皮疹消退。     

婴儿动脉导管未闭的介入治疗

目的 总结婴儿行动脉导管未闭(patent arterial duct,PDA)堵闭术的临床经验.方法 PDA 29例,年龄在1岁以下,体重4.5～10.5 kg,PDA最窄处直径2.0～7.4 mm,其中合并肺动脉高压13例,行蘑菇伞型封堵器封堵术.结果 所有病例1次封堵成功,术后即时升主动脉造影,发现有微量残余分流3例,术后3 d消失,1例有中量残余分流伴肉眼血尿,24 h后血尿消失,1个月后仅存微量残余分流,无其他并发症出现.结论 介入治疗对婴儿PDA疗效良好.     

Correction of RNA splicing defect in β654-thalassemia mice using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology

β⁶⁵⁴-thalassemia is a prominent Chinese subtype of β-thalassemia, representing 17% of all cases of β-thalassemia in China. The molecular mechanism underlying this subtype involves the IVS-2-654 C→T mutation leading to aberrant β-globin RNA splicing. This results in an additional 73-nucleotide exon between exons 2 and 3 and leads to a severe thalassemia syndrome. Herein, we explored a CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing approach to eliminate the additional 73-nucleotide by targeting both the IVS-2-654 C→T and a cryptic acceptor splice site at IVS-2-579 in order to correct aberrant β-globin RNA splicing and ameliorate the clinical β-thalassemia syndrome in β⁶⁵⁴ mice. Gene-edited mice were generated by microinjection of sgRNA and Cas9 mRNA into one-cell embryos of β⁶⁵⁴ or control mice: 83.3% of live-born mice were gene-edited, 70% of which produced correctly spliced RNA. No off-target events were observed. The clinical symptoms, including hematologic parameters and tissue pathology of all of the edited β⁶⁵⁴ founders and their offspring were significantly improved compared to those of the non-edited β⁶⁵⁴ mice, consistent with the restoration of wild-type β-globin RNA expression. Notably, the survival rate of gene-edited heterozygous β⁶⁵⁴ mice increased significantly, and live-born homozygous β⁶⁵⁴ mice were observed. Our study demonstrated a new and effective gene-editing approach that may provide groundwork for the exploration of β⁶⁵⁴-thalassemia therapy in the future.     

实时三维斑点追踪成像对乳腺癌化疗患者心脏毒性的早期预测价值分析

目的:探讨实时三维斑点追踪成像(RT3D-STI)对乳腺癌化疗患者心脏毒性的预测价值.方法:选取2016年1月—2019年4月本院住院并拟行术后化疗的120例乳腺癌术后患者作为研究组,所有患者均采取6个周期的AC化疗.从同期于本院进行体检的健康女性中随机选取120例作为对照组.研究组患者于化疗前、化疗3个周期后和化疗6...     

体外局部高频热疗联合放疗治疗进展期肝细胞癌患者临床疗效研究

目的 研究体外局部高频热疗辅助放疗治疗进展期肝细胞癌(HCC)患者的临床疗效.方法 采用随机数字表法将66例进展期HCC患者分为对照组33例和观察组33例,分别采取放疗或在放疗的基础上联合体外局部高频热疗治疗,随访12个月.结果 观察组客观缓解率(ORR)为63.6％,显著高于对照组的35.5％(P<0.05);治疗后...     

Contribution Ratio Assessment of Process Parameters on Robotic Milling Performance

Robotic milling has broad application prospects in many processing fields. However, the milling performance of a robot in a certain posture, such as in face milling or grooving tasks, is extremely sensitive to process parameters due to the influence of the serial structure of the robot system. Improper process parameters are prone to produce machining defects such as low surface quality. These deficiencies substantially decrease the further application development of robotic milling. Therefore, this paper selected a certain posture and carried out the robotic flat-end milling experiments on a 7075-T651 high-strength aeronautical aluminum alloy under dry conditions. Milling load, surface quality and vibration were selected to assess the influence of process parameters like milling depth, spindle speed and feed rate on the milling performance. Most notably, the contribution ratio based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was introduced to statistically investigate the relation between parameters and milling performance. The obtained results show that milling depth is highly significant in milling load, which had a contribution ratio of 69.25%. Milling depth is also highly significant in vibration, which had a contribution ratio of 51.41% in the X direction, 41.42% in the Y direction and 75.97% in the Z direction. Moreover, the spindle speed is highly significant in surface roughness, which had a contribution ratio of 48.02%. This present study aims to quantitatively evaluate the influence of key process parameters on robotic milling performance, which helps to select reasonable milling parameters and improve the milling performance of the robot system. It is beneficial to give full play to the advantages of robots and present more possibilities of robot applications in machining and manufacturing.     

学龄前儿童居家隔离期间睡眠问题及影响因素分析

目的 分析学龄前儿童居家隔离期间的睡眠问题及影响因素,为降低因突发性公共卫生事件而居家隔离和限制活动对儿童健康的影响提供科学依据.方法 2020年3月15-28日对16 094名3～6岁儿童进行在线调查.由家长填写一般资料、标准中文版儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)以及长处和困难问卷(SDQ),收集儿童睡眠及情绪/行为相关...     

2016年海南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

目的 对2016年海南省肿瘤登记地区的癌症发病率和死亡率进行分析,为癌症的预防和控制提供了基础依据.方法 通过中国肿瘤登记平台收集符合质量控制要求的6个肿瘤登记地区发病死亡数据及人口数据.按城乡、性别、年龄别划分,分别计算发病(死亡)率、中标率、世标率、构成比、0～74岁累积发病(死亡)率和前10位癌症发病死亡情况.结...