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Decreased noradrenaline transporter density in the motor cortex of Parkinson's disease patients
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Michael Sommerauer MD Allan K Hansen MD Peter Parbo MD Tatyana D. Fedorova Karoline Knudsen MSc Yoon Frederiksen PhD Adjmal Nahimi MD PhD Michael T. Barbe MD David J. Brooks MD DSc FRCP FMed Sci Per Borghammer MD PhD 《Movement disorders》2018,33(6):1006-1010
Reduced noradrenaline levels have been reported to occur in the motor cortices of PD patients postmortem. Imaging techniques have recently become available to specifically study noradrenergic terminal function in vivo using PET. The objective of this study was to evaluate cortical 11C‐MeNER binding in PD patients. Thirty PD patients and 12 healthy control subjects comparable in age, sex, and cognitive performance underwent PET imaging with 11C‐MeNER, a specific ligand of the noradrenaline transporter. Cortical noradrenaline transporter binding was compared at a voxel level using Statistical Parametric Mapping, whereas cortical thickness was assessed using FreeSurfer software with MRI. PD patients showed reduced 11C‐MeNER binding in the primary motor cortex unrelated to cortical thickness; other cortical regions did not differ between groups. In a subgroup analysis, patients with higher Hoehn & Yahr stage exhibited more pronounced 11C‐MeNER binding reductions. Loss of cortical noradrenergic projections to the primary motor cortex occurs in PD associated with disease stage. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society 相似文献
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Catherine L. Gangell BSc PhD Graham L. Hall BApp Sci PhD Stephen M. Stick MA MB BChir PhD Peter D. Sly MBBS MD DSC FRACP 《Pediatric pulmonology》2010,45(5):419-433
In cystic fibrosis (CF) lung function testing is a means of monitoring progression of lung disease. The preschool years have often been referred to as the “silent years” due to the previous lack suitable measures of lung function testing in this age group. This review outlines the various techniques of lung function testing in preschool children with CF in the clinical setting. This includes measures requiring tidal breathing including the forced oscillation technique, the interrupter technique, plethysmography, and multiple breath washout, as well as spirometry that requires respiratory maneuvers. We describe the feasibility and variability of different lung function methods used in preschoolers and report measurements made during tidal breathing have greater feasibility, although greater variability compared to spirometry. We also report associations with lung function and markers of CF lung disease. In the preschool age group measurements made during tidal breathing may be more appropriate in the clinic setting than those that require a higher degree of cooperation and specific respiratory maneuvers.maneuvers. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:419–433. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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A Simple Numerical Body Surface Mapping Parameter Signifies Successful Percutaneous Coronary Artery Intervention
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Palash Kar MBBS Mark P. Plummer MBBS Marianne J. Chapman BMBS PhD FANZCA FCICM Caroline E. Cousins BSc Kylie Lange BSc Michael Horowitz MBBS PhD FRACP Karen L. Jones Dip App Sci PhD Adam M. Deane MBBS PhD FRACP FCICM 《JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition》2016,40(7):1050-1056
Background: Enteral feed intolerance occurs frequently in critically ill patients and can be associated with adverse outcomes. “Energy‐dense formulae” (ie, >1 kcal/mL) are often prescribed to critically ill patients to reduce administered volume and are presumed to maintain or increase calorie delivery. The aim of this study was to compare gastric emptying of standard and energy‐dense formulae in critically ill patients. Methods: In a retrospective comparison of 2 studies, data were analyzed from 2 groups of patients that received a radiolabeled 100‐mL “meal” containing either standard calories (1 kcal/mL) or concentrated calories (energy‐dense formulae; 2 kcal/mL). Gastric emptying was measured using a scintigraphic technique. Radioisotope data were collected for 4 hours and gastric emptying quantified. Data are presented as mean ± SE or median [interquartile range] as appropriate. Results: Forty patients were studied (n = 18, energy‐dense formulae; n = 22, standard). Groups were well matched in terms of demographics. However, patients in the energy‐dense formula group were studied earlier in their intensive care unit admission (P = .02) and had a greater proportion requiring inotropes (P = .002). A similar amount of calories emptied out of the stomach per unit time (P = .57), but in patients receiving energy‐dense formulae, a greater volume of meal was retained in the stomach (P = .045), consistent with slower gastric emptying. Conclusions: In critically ill patients, the administration of the same volume of a concentrated enteral nutrition formula may not result in the delivery of more calories to the small intestine over time because gastric emptying is slowed. 相似文献
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Della A. Forster Dip.App.Sci. BHealth.Sci. MMid PhD Senior Research Fellow Midwifery Consultant Kerri McEgan RN RM Unit Manager Rachael Ford BNurs Clinical Midwife Research Scholarship Fellow Anita Moorhead RN RM Clinical Midwifery Consultant Gillian Opie MBBS Neonatal Paediatrician Susan Walker MBBS MD Associate Professor Director of Perinatal Medicine Cath McNamara BA Grad Cert Diab Ed Diabetic Educator 《Midwifery》2011,27(2):209-214