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R.M. Bilder F.W. Sabb T.D. Cannon E.D. London J.D. Jentsch D. Stott Parker R.A. Poldrack C. Evans N.B. Freimer 《Neuroscience》2009
Phenomics is an emerging transdiscipline dedicated to the systematic study of phenotypes on a genome-wide scale. New methods for high-throughput genotyping have changed the priority for biomedical research to phenotyping, but the human phenome is vast and its dimensionality remains unknown. Phenomics research strategies capable of linking genetic variation to public health concerns need to prioritize development of mechanistic frameworks that relate neural systems functioning to human behavior. New approaches to phenotype definition will benefit from crossing neuropsychiatric syndromal boundaries, and defining phenotypic features across multiple levels of expression from proteome to syndrome. The demand for high throughput phenotyping may stimulate a migration from conventional laboratory to web-based assessment of behavior, and this offers the promise of dynamic phenotyping—the iterative refinement of phenotype assays based on prior genotype-phenotype associations. Phenotypes that can be studied across species may provide greatest traction, particularly given rapid development in transgenic modeling. Phenomics research demands vertically integrated research teams, novel analytic strategies and informatics infrastructure to help manage complexity. The Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics at UCLA has been supported by the National Institutes of Health Roadmap Initiative to illustrate these principles, and is developing applications that may help investigators assemble, visualize, and ultimately test multi-level phenomics hypotheses. As the transdiscipline of phenomics matures, and work is extended to large-scale international collaborations, there is promise that systematic new knowledge bases will help fulfill the promise of personalized medicine and the rational diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric syndromes. 相似文献
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Helen A Snooks Bridie Angela Evans David Cohen Michael Nugent Frances Rapport Jon Skone Angie Meredith Tricia Davies Diana O'Sullivan 《BMC public health》2011,11(1):25
Background
Inequalities in health have proved resistant to 'top down' approaches. It is increasingly recognised that health promotion initiatives are unlikely to succeed without strong local involvement at all stages of the process and many programmes now use grass roots approaches. A healthy living approach to community development (HLA) was developed as an innovative response to local concerns about a lack of appropriate services in two deprived communities in Pembrokeshire, West Wales. We sought to assess feasibility, costs, benefits and working relationships of this HLA. 相似文献996.
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Ibrahim Abu-Kishk Eran Kozer Lee H. Goldstein Sarit Weinbaum Adina Bar-Haim Yoav Alkan Irena Petrov Sandra Evans Yariv Siman-Tov Matitiahu Berkovitch 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2010
Acute iron intoxication is associated with depletion of reduced glutathione in hepatocytes and changes in the glutathione system enzymes. We hypothesized that treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a glutathione reducing agent and an antioxidant, would reduce mortality in acute iron intoxication. We used a rat model to test this hypothesis. Male rats were assigned to 4 groups. Group 1 received 400 mg/kg elemental iron by oral gavage, group 2 received the same dose of iron followed by NAC, group 3 received NAC only, whereas group 4 received distilled water. Iron and liver transaminases in the blood, and glutathione system enzymes in the liver and erythrocytes were measured. Mortality in group 2 was significantly higher after 2, 6, and 24 hours compared with group 1 (P < .001). No deaths were observed in groups 3 and 4. Serum iron levels were significantly higher in group 2 rats compared to group 1 rats (P < .001). Hepatic and erythrocyte glutathione system enzymes were significantly lower among rats in group 2 compared to rats in group 1. The administration of NAC probably increased the absorption of iron through the gastrointestinal tract, causing higher serum iron levels with significant hepatic damage. These results indicate that in a rat model of acute iron intoxication, orally administered NAC may increase mortality. 相似文献
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Joanna M. Sadler Steven W. Evans Brandon K. Schultz Allison K. Zoromski 《School mental health》2011,3(3):156-168
Two important domains that can be impaired in adolescents with ADHD are organization and social functioning; however, the
development of interventions to target these areas in adolescents is in the early stages. Currently, small efficacy trials
are beginning to be used to conduct preliminary tests on the proposed mechanisms of action for these interventions. These
two studies examined the efficacy of organization and social functioning interventions for adolescents with ADHD, as well
as the potential mechanisms of action for each intervention. Results from the organization intervention provide support for
a significant relationship between performance on the organization checklist and overall GPA; however, there was no meaningful
pattern of relationships between achieving mastery of the organization tasks and grades within quarter. Further, results from
the social functioning intervention support a moderate relationship between performance on process measures of response to
the intervention and outcome measures of social functioning. Results of this study provide implications for modifications
to the measures and intervention procedures in future research. 相似文献
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