Pulmonary tuberculosis in five young infants with nursery exposure: clinical, radiographic and CT findings

Clinical, radiographic (n = 5) and CT findings (n = 4) of five Korean infants ranging in age from 2 to 3 months with confirmed tuberculosis were retrospectively analysed. All of the patients were symptomatic, anergic to tuberculin, and had a positive culture of Myobacterium tuberculosis in gastric aspirates. The probable source of infection was the hospital in which they were born. CT scans demonstrated hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement with central low attenuation and peripheral enhancement in all cases. CT may be useful in diagnosis by demonstrating characteristic adenopathy and disseminated disease in young infants. Received: 2 September 1997 Accepted: 23 April 1998     

T细胞及相关免疫分子在淋巴细胞趋化因子增强肿瘤自杀基因疗法中的作用

本室以往的研究表明,用腺病毒作为载体将大肠杆菌胞嘧啶脱氨酶(CD)基因与小鼠淋巴细胞趋化因子(Itn)基因联合体内转染,具有显著的抗肿瘤效应.本文对其免疫机理进行了进一步研究,发现CT26结肠腺癌细胞体外经过CD/Ltn基因转染并给予前体药物5-FC后,CT26结肠腺癌细胞表达CD80和CD54分子明显增加,提示经CD自杀基因和Ltn基因联转移后,肿瘤细胞免疫原性增加.荷瘤小鼠体内经联合治疗后,小鼠脾细胞分泌IL-2和IFN-γ明显增加.体内用抗CD4、CD8抗体阻断实验研究结果的表明,联合应用自杀基因和Ltn基因治疗主要通过诱导CD8~ T细胞发挥抗肿瘤作用.     

Differential regulation of ciliary neurotrophic factor and its receptor in the rat hippocampus following transient global ischemia

To investigate a potential role of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in transient global ischemia, we have studied the postischemic regulatory changes in the expression of CNTF and its receptor, the ligand-binding alpha-subunit (CNTFRalpha). Immunoblot analysis demonstrated CNTF levels were slightly upregulated already during the first day after ischemia and then increased markedly by more than 10-fold until 2 weeks postischemia. Immunoreactivity for CNTF became detectable 1 day after ischemia and was localized in reactive astrocytes. The intensity of the immunolabeling was maximal in CA1 during the phase of neuronal cell death (days 3-7 postischemia) and in the deafferented inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. Upregulation of CNTF expression was less pronounced in CA3 and absent in the stratum lacunosum moleculare and the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus and thus did not simply correlate with astroliosis as represented by upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). As shown by in situ hybridization, expression of CNTFRalpha mRNA was restricted to neurons of the pyramidal cell and granule cell layers in control animals. Following ischemia, reactive astrocytes, identified by double labeling with antibodies to GFAP, transiently expressed CNTFRalpha mRNA with a maximum around postischemic day 3. This astrocytic response was most pronounced in CA1 and in the hilar part of CA3. These results show that CNTF and its receptor are differentially regulated in activated astrocytes of the postischemic hippocampus, indicating that they are involved in the regulation of astrocytic responses and the neuronal reorganizations occurring after an ischemic insult.     

微流芯片检测流感病毒多重逆转录聚合酶链反应产物的实验研究

[目的 ]　建立应用微流芯片检测甲 1型、甲 3型、乙型流感病毒多重逆转录聚合酶链反应 (mRT -PCR)产物的方法 ,在mRT -PCR扩增核酸的基础上自动化灵敏的定量检测扩增产物 ,快速检测甲亚型、乙型流感病毒 ,帮助临床快速诊断和鉴别诊断其他呼吸道病毒感染 ,以及明确流感病毒在人群中感染、流行情况。　 [方法 ]　采用经MDCK细胞分离培养的甲 1型、甲 3型、乙型流感病毒毒株病毒液 ,使用 3组特异引物经mRT -PCR扩增核酸 ,扩增产物分别采用毛细管电泳技术经Caliper10 0 0微流芯片分析仪自动化检测和经 2 %琼脂糖凝胶电泳法检测。　[结果 ]　设计三组引物对相应甲 1型、甲 3型、乙型流感病毒靶基因的mRT -PCR扩增产物片段分别为 43 0bp、2 10bp、3 91bp ,本实验mRT -PCR扩增产物经 2 %琼脂糖凝胶电泳 ,与Marker比照 ,DNA条带基本在此位点附近 ;产物采用毛细管电泳法经Caliper10 0 0微流芯片分析仪后 ,分别于 413bp、2 0 3bp、3 79bp处出现陡峭的峰 ,如图所示。　[结论 ]　应用微流芯片采用毛细管电泳法可对流感病毒mRT -PCR产物进行定位及相对定量 ,有助于快速诊断流感病毒感染 ,有助于对流感的监测。     

试析He-Ne激光沿经络自动照射仪的应用

本文介绍He-Ne激光沿经络自动照射仪的结构、特点,分析了激光与组织相互作用的物理效应和生物效应,提出了该仪器在针灸临床中的应用。     

金莲花软胶囊中总黄酮的含量测定

目的建立紫外法测定金莲花软胶囊中总黄酮的含量测定方法。方法采用紫外分光光度计,检测波长500nm,以芦丁为标准品测定本品总黄酮含量。结果测得线性回归方程为y=0.11359x-0.0034,r=0.9999(n=5),平均回收率为99.67%,RSD为0.58%(n=9)。结论本方法简便,准确、重复性好。     

Pivotal study of iodine-131-labeled chimeric tumor necrosis treatment radioimmunotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer.

PURPOSE: Tumor necrosis treatment (TNT) uses degenerating tumor cells and necrotic regions of tumors as targets for radioimmunotherapy. Previous studies in animal tumor models and clinical trials have demonstrated that when linked to the therapeutic radionuclide iodine-131, recombinant chimeric TNT antibody ((131)I-chTNT) can deliver therapeutic doses to tumors regardless of the location or type of malignancy. Therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of (131)I-chTNT in advanced lung cancer patients were studied in this pivotal registration trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with advanced lung cancer were treated with systemic or intratumoral injection of (131)I-chTNT in eight oncology centers in China. The objective response rate (ORR) was assessed as the primary end point. RESULTS: All 107 patients who were entered onto the study and completed therapy had experienced treatment failure after prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy a mean of three times. The results showed an ORR of 34.6% (complete response, 3.7%; partial response, 30.8%; no change, 55.1%; and progressive disease, 10.3%) in all patients and 33% in 97 non-small-cell lung cancer patients. A biodistribution study demonstrated excellent localization of the radioactivity in tumors in both systemically and intratumorally injected patients. The most obvious adverse side effect was mild and reversible bone marrow suppression. CONCLUSION: Radioimmunotherapy with (131)I-chTNT was well tolerated and can be used systemically or locally to treat refractory tumors of the lung.     

Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and risk of primary lung cancer.

Angiogenesis is an essential process in the development, growth, and metastasis of malignant tumors including lung cancer. DNA sequence variations in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene may lead to altered VEGF production and/or activity, thereby causing interindividual differences in the susceptibility to lung cancer via their actions on the pathways of tumor angiogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the potential association between three VEGF polymorphisms (-460T > C, +405C > G, and 936C > T)/haplotypes and the risk of lung cancer in a Korean population. VEGF genotypes were determined in 432 lung cancer patients and 432 healthy controls that were frequency matched for age and sex. VEGF haplotypes were predicted using Bayesian algorithm in the phase program. Compared with the combined +405 CC and CG genotype, the +405 GG genotype found associated with a significantly decreased risk of small cell carcinoma [SCC; adjusted odds ratio (OR), 0.36; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.17-0.78]. The 936 CT genotype and the combined 936 CT and TT genotype were also associated with a significantly decreased risk of SCC compared with the 936 CC genotype (adjusted OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.26-0.85 and adjusted OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.24-0.80, respectively). Haplotype CGT was associated with a significantly decreased risk of SCC (adjusted OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.18-0.87), whereas haplotype TCC conferred a significantly increased risk of SCC (adjusted OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.14-2.33). None of the VEGF polymorphisms studied significantly influenced the susceptibility to lung cancer except SCC. However, haplotypes TCT and TGT were significantly associated with the risk of overall lung cancer, respectively (adjusted OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.25-0.60 and adjusted OR, 3.94; 95% CI, 2.00-7.76, respectively). These effects of haplotypes TCT and TGT on lung cancer risk were observed in three major histologic types of lung cancer. These results suggest that the VEGF gene may be contribute to an inherited predisposition to lung cancer.