Cross-cultural adaptation,validity and reliability of Turkish version of Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for children with congenital talipes equinovarus

BackgroundThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire (OxAFQ) to provide cultural adaptation.MethodsThis study involved translation, back translation, and cross-cultural adaptation. Forty-nine patients with congenital talipes equinovarus were evaluated using the Turkish version of OxAFQ. Turkish version of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) was used as a gold standard to validate the Turkish version of the OxAFQ. The validation was assessed with Spearman correlation analysis by using CHAQ. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed with Cronbach alpha (internal consistency) and exploratory factor analysis.ResultsHigh validity was found between OxAFQ and CHAQ (r = -0.422?0.292) (p < 0.01). Reliability analysis showed that OxAFQ had a high level of Cronbach alpha (α = 0.88?0.96) and internal consistency (ICC = 0.90?0.96).ConclusionThe Turkish version of OxAFQ is a valid, reliable and useful quality of life questionnaire in patients with congenital talipes equinovarus and it is proper for use by health professionals and researchers.     

Congenital lens coloboma and associated pathologies

Coloboma of the lens is characterized by notching of the equator of the lens. The cause of the condition is faulty development of the zonule. The lens deprived of its normal pull in the defective region is thicker and more spherical as if there were no loss of its substance. We report five cases of lens coloboma and localized zonular defect without any associated systemic anomalies. One case included retinal detachment; another included an iris coloboma; and a third included iris, choroid and optic disk colobomas and retinal detachment with lens coloboma. The remaining two cases were without associated ocular anomalies. The pathogenic mechanisms and relationship of this defect with the differentiation of the tertiary vitreous and development of the zonule is discussed. The defect most likely occurs in the third to fourth months of gestation during differentiation of the tertiary vitreous in response to toxic, inflammatory or genetic factors.     

Life's Simple 7 and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

BackgroundThe American Heart Association (AHA) has defined Life's Simple 7 (LS7) as a measure of overall cardiovascular health . Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been involved as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the association between LS7 and NAFLD.MethodsWe evaluated participants form the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. Cardiovascular health score was calculated from the Life's Simple 7 metrics. A score of 0-8 was considered inadequate, 9-10 average, and 11-14 optimal. NAFLD was defined using noncontrast cardiac computed tomography (CT) and a liver/spleen attenuation ratio (L/S) < 1. Multivariable regression were performed to evaluate the association.ResultsOur cross-sectional analysis of 3901 participants showed 19% (n = 747) had optimal cardiovascular health, 33% (n = 1270) had average, and 48% (n = 1884) had inadequate. White participants were most likely to have an optimal score (51%, n = 378), whereas African American participants had the lowest proportion with optimal scores (16%, n = 120; P < 0.001). The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 18% with a distribution of 7%, 14%, and 25% in the optimal, average, and inadequate score categories, respectively (P < 0.001). Adjusted for risk factors, average and optimal health categories had lower odds of NAFLD compared to those with inadequate scores: odds ratio for average, 0.44 (95% confidence interval 0.36-0.54); optimal, odds ratio 0.19 (95% confidence interval 0.14-0.26). This association was similar across gender, race and age groups.ConclusionA more favorable cardiovascular health score was associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD. This study may suggest a potential of Life's Simple 7 in the prevention of liver disease.     

中国儿童与老年健康证据转化平台的构建与应用

目的介绍并推广中国儿童与老年健康证据转化平台(Chinese Clearinghouse for Evidence Translation in Child & Aging Health,CCET)。方法分别成立儿童、老年健康顾问委员会,利用科学的评价量表评价筛选国内外相关的儿童、老年健康促进项目并由研究团队翻译转化。与兰州博阳软件工程有限公司合作,根据网站需呈现的内容与目标功能,共同规划设计网站框架与界面,初步建立站点。将转化的健康证据及其他信息资源（疾病基本情况、项目评价量表、研究报告标准等）上传使之在网站相应栏目中呈现,建立CCET网站,并通过微信和微博媒介定期传播儿童及老年健康最新进展、循证研究最新方法。结果CCET主要由儿童健康、老年健康、评价量表、报告标准、推广应用和老年抑郁症循证防治数据库6个版块组成。CCET儿童与老年健康促进项目由国内外专家采用科学的评价量表筛选和评价,转化的证据科学性强,目前已有相关研究机构和社区有意向参与CCET研究和应用转化项目。结论CCET致力于循证方法培训,建立国内健康干预项目的科学性和适用性评价系统,对国外证据转换后的后续干预项目培训,提升服务机构能力,以及综合干预课程研发。CCET信息全面、界面简单、用户友好,为促进我国儿童与老年健康提供证据支持。