Colorectal carcinoma: detection with indium-111 anticarcinoembryonic- antigen monoclonal antibody ZCE-025

A phase I and II clinical trial with indium-111-labeled anticarcinoembryonic-antigen monoclonal antibody ZCE-025 (In-111 ZCE-025) was initiated. Fifteen patients with colorectal tumors underwent external scintigraphy following the administration of 5.5 mCi (203.5 MBq) In-111 ZCE-025 at doses of 2.5-80.0 mg. Eighteen of 20 documented tumor sites, excluding those in the liver, were detected with In-111 ZCE-025. Lesions less than 1.5 cm could not be detected. Twenty-five percent of liver metastases exhibited positive accumulation of In-111 ZCE-025 at doses of 40-80 mg. No side effects were encountered. Because of the high detection rate of lymph node metastases from colorectal carcinoma with In-111 ZCE-025, this technique may be helpful in preoperative staging of patients with colorectal tumors, as well as in distinguishing recurrent tumors from postoperative or postradiation changes seen on computed tomography scans or other radiologic images.     

Reactive angioendotheliomatosis: is it ‘intravascular histiocytosis’?

We report the case of a 68-year-old female with reactive angioendotheliomatosis (RAE). This case highlights the benign course of this condition and suggests that this entity might be an intravascular histiocytosis.     

Differential activation of the endogenous leukotriene biosynthesis by two different preparations of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in healthy volunteers

Results from in vitro investigations and recent data obtained in patients with drug-induced cytopenia or myelodysplasia suggest that leukotrienes may be involved in mediating some of the actions of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In the present study, the possible role of leukotrienes was further characterized in 21 healthy individuals to avoid modification of response to GM-CSF by disease-specific variables. The effects of two different preparations of human recombinant GM-CSF, ie, glycosylated GM- CSF as expressed in a Chinese hamster ovary carcinoma (CHO) cell line and nonglycosylated GM-CSF obtained from Escherichia coli, were compared. GM-CSF was administered subcutaneously at a single dose of 0.7 nmol/kg body weight. Pharmacokinetic parameters and hematopoietic and adverse effects were monitored by blood analyses or physical examination, respectively. Leukotriene generation in vivo was evaluated by determination of leukotriene E4 and N-acetyl-leukotriene E4 in urine. After the injection of GM-CSF from E coli, serum concentrations increased and decreased more rapidly and reached a 2.3-fold higher maximum compared with GM-CSF from CHO. GM-CSF induced a biphasic change in leukocyte counts that proceeded considerably faster after the E coli preparation than after GM-CSF from CHO. The urinary leukotriene concentration increased 1.3- to 14-fold or 2.1- to 44-fold after the administration of GM-CSF from CHO or E coli, respectively. Urinary leukotriene concentrations correlated significantly with the maximum of basophil counts and correlated with the occurrence of some adverse reactions, ie, flu-like symptoms, bone pain, or dyspnoea. Our data confirm the conception that leukotrienes may play a significant role in GM-CSF action in vivo. They especially direct attention to the possible relevance of leukotrienes to untoward effects of GM-CSF treatment.     

Treatment planning the endodontic case

Following a definitive diagnosis of the need for root canal treatment, the treatment planning stage should be straightforward if a logical sequence of decision-making is followed. Very few contra-indications exist for providing root canal treatment, but the planning must include several aspects. Firstly, is root canal treatment best for the patient to maintain a functional dentition long term? Secondly, who should provide the treatment? Thirdly, what are the restorative options that will ensure the best long-term prognosis? The sequencing of root canal treatment generally occurs early in a typical treatment plan, and prompt restoration after treatment is crucial to long-term survival of the tooth.     

树突状细胞在慢性乙型肝炎和肝癌治疗中的应用前景

目的:综述树突状细胞在慢性乙型肝炎和肝癌治疗中的应用前景。资料来源:应用计算机检索PUBMED2001-01/2005-12期间的相关文章,检索词为"dendritic cells,chronic type B hepatitis,hepatoma,therapy",并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索万方数据库2001-01/2005-12期间的相关文章,检索词为"树突状细胞,慢性乙肝,肝癌,治疗",并限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,并查看每篇文献后的引文。纳入标准:文章所述内容应与树突状细胞在慢性乙型肝炎和肝癌治疗中的应用相关。排除标准:重复研究或Meta分析类文章。资料提炼:共收集到56篇相关文献,30篇文献符合纳入标准,排除的26篇文献为内容陈旧或重复。符合纳入标准的30篇文献中,15篇涉及树突状细胞与慢性乙型肝炎的治疗,10篇涉及树突状细胞与肝癌的治疗,5篇涉及存在的问题与展望。资料综合:慢性乙型肝炎和肝癌的发生发展与病毒的持续感染和机体的免疫功能障碍有关,树突状细胞是机体中功能最强的抗原提呈细胞,在诱导T细胞抗病毒和抗肿瘤免疫中起核心作用。①树突状细胞与慢性乙型肝炎的治疗:许多证据表明由树突状细胞介导的细胞毒T淋巴细胞反应,通过杀伤感染的肝细胞和释放抗病毒的细胞因子来清除乙型肝炎病毒。②树突状细胞与肝癌的治疗:研究证明,经肿瘤抗原致敏的树突状细胞能明显增强特异性细胞毒T淋巴细胞对肝癌细胞的杀伤活性。结论:树突状细胞与慢性乙型肝炎和肝癌的发生发展密切相关。在乙型肝炎和肝癌治疗中,如能激发、增强机体对乙型肝炎病毒和肝癌细胞的主动免疫排斥反应,可有助于清除体内的病毒和肿瘤,达到抗病毒和抗肿瘤治疗的目的。     

体外培养肾小球系膜细胞转化生长因子β1和血管紧张素Ⅱ表达与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α激动剂的影响

目的:观察过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(Peroxisome proliferators-actived receptor-alpha,PPARα)激动剂对体外培养的肾小球系膜细胞的作用。方法:实验于2005-12/2006-05在泸州医学院附属医院传染免疫实验室完成。实验分组:将培养的大鼠HBZY-1肾小球系膜细胞株分为6组,将高糖作为刺激因子,PPARα激动剂WY14643作为干预因素。分别设①正常组:5.6mmol/L葡萄糖。②高糖组:30mmol/L葡萄糖;③高糖 10,100,500μmol/LWY14643组:30mmol/L葡萄糖 10,100,500μmol/L WY14643。④高糖 WY14643溶剂组:30mmol/L葡萄糖 250μmol/L二甲亚砜 250μmol/L无水乙醇。实验评估:①采用反转录-聚合酶链反应半定量法测定各组肾小球系膜细胞PPARαmRNA和血管紧张素ⅡmRNA表达。②采用免疫细胞化学法检测各组转化生长因子β1蛋白表达。结果:①肾小球系膜细胞PPARαmRNA表达:高糖组肾小球系膜细胞PPARα表达低于正常组(分别为0.21±0.14,0.97±0.25),差异有显著性意义(t=7.742,P<0.05);10,100,500μmol/L WY14643组肾小球系膜细胞PPARα表达高于高糖组(分别为0.52±0.06,0.92±0.22,0.94±0.34,0.21±0.14),差异有显著性意义(t=4.438,7.182,7.213,P<0.05)。②转化生长因子β1表达和血管紧张素ⅡmRNA表达:高糖组肾小球系膜细胞转化生长因子β1、血管紧张素ⅡmRNA表达高于正常组(分别为25.76±0.24,16.43±0.38;0.79±0.23,0.46±0.13),差异有显著性意义(t=4.029,3.563,P<0.05);10,100,500μmol/LWY14643组肾小球系膜细胞转化生长因子β1、血管紧张素ⅡmRNA表达低于高糖组(分别为20.18±0.15,18.59±0.37,16.46±0.31,25.76±0.24;0.43±0.16,0.21±0.09,0.19±0.05,0.79±0.23),差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:转化生长因子β1、血管紧张素Ⅱ是糖尿病肾病发病的重要致病因子;PPARα激动剂减少转化生长因子β1、血管紧张素Ⅱ的表达可能与其增加PPARα的表达有关。     

人骨髓间充质干细胞分化为软骨细胞的诱导条件

目的:分析人骨髓间充质干细胞分离、纯化、体外扩增及其向软骨细胞分化的条件,为人骨髓间充质干细胞用于修复损伤的软骨组织提供依据。方法:实验于2005-03/2006-04在南昌大学医学院生化与分子生物学教研室完成。实验材料:无菌条件下采集无血液系统疾病和家族遗传史的28～65岁成人骨髓8份,进行骨髓间充质干细胞分离与培养,骨髓采集经患者及医院同意,并签署知情同意书。实验方法:取第3代对数生长期骨髓间充质干细胞,实验组使用特定的、内含2mg/L胰岛素、3mg/L转铁蛋白、1mmol/L丙酮酸、100nmol/L地塞米松和10μg/L转化生长因子β1的低糖DMEM培养基诱导人骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞分化,对照组细胞以低糖DMEM基础培养液培养。倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态,诱导7,14d采用半定量RT-PCR方法检测细胞软骨特异性Ⅱ型胶原表达,蕃红花O-亮绿染色分析蛋白多糖粘多糖含量,观察细胞分化情况。结果:①光镜观察成人骨髓间充质干细胞的形态变化:培养7d细胞集落明显,集落中央为数个至数十个圆形细胞,周围变形细胞围绕中央细胞呈放射状生长。培养14d细胞呈平行状或旋涡状排布,细胞排列紧密。②骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞的诱导分化:实验组细胞生长较对照组慢,培养7d后细胞大多呈椭圆形或三角形,部分细胞伸出似触角突起,培养14d细胞变形较明显,排列较为紧密,细胞突起多见,突起间相连,呈较明显软骨细胞形态特征。③骨髓间充质干细胞的番红花-O染色:实验组骨髓间充质干细胞蕃红花O-亮绿呈深染色,对照组人骨髓间充质干细胞呈阴性染色。④RT-PCR检测软骨特异性的Ⅱ型胶原COL2A1 mRNA表达:实验组诱导培养7,14d人骨髓间充质干细胞有Ⅱ型胶原COL2A1 mRNA表达,400～500bp条带间可见明显的荧光条带,诱导培养14d时表达更明显。对照组未见Ⅱ型胶原COL2A1 mRNA表达。结论:采用直接贴壁培养法成功分离和培养出人骨髓间充质干细胞,并将人骨髓间充质干细胞诱导分化成软骨细胞,该软骨细胞具有软骨细胞的形态、生化特征。