Epidemiologic and Clinical Implications of Second-Generation Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

This review is based on published literature about some of the potential advantages and challenges of the second generation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, with special reference to 13-valent vaccine in children and adults.     

Mydriasis model in rats as a simple system to evaluate α2-adrenergic activity of the imidazol(in)e compounds

Imidazol(in)e compounds show the diversity of pharmacological effects including mydriasis, hypotension, sedation, bradycardia and hypothermia. At first it was postulated that these effects are mediated via α₂-adrenoceptors exclusively. Clonidine is well known as a model agent to produce pupillary dilation in rats. However, it became obvious later that clonidine-like imidazol(in)e adrenoceptor agonists which produced mydriasis in rats, exhibit also a high affinity for imidazoline I₁-receptors. That short report attempts to review the present status of studies to confirm that the mydriasis model in rats can be a selective system to evaluate the α₂-adrenergic activity of potential pharmacologically active compounds of imidazol(in)e structure.     

Validation of the Anhysteretic Magnetization Model for Soft Magnetic Materials with Perpendicular Anisotropy

The paper presents results of validation of the anhysteretic magnetization model for a soft amorphous alloy with significant perpendicular anisotropy. The validation was carried out for the Jiles-Atherton model with Ramesh extension considering anisotropy. Due to the fact that it is difficult to measure anhysteretic magnetization directly, the soft magnetic core with negligible hysteresis was used. The results of validation indicate that the Jiles-Atherton model with Ramesh extension should be corrected to allow accurate modeling of the anhysteretic magnetization. The corrected model may be applied for modeling the cores of current transformers operating in a wide range of measured currents.     

An unusual interatrial septum

The images focus on a very rare atrial septal anatomy known as "double atrial septum with persistent interatrial space.” Only scarce reports of this anomaly are found in literature. Due to increasing use of catheter-based interventions requiring a transseptal puncture, the recognition of this anomaly is essential for performing safe and effective procedures.     

Only Hyperuricemia with Crystalluria,but not Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia,Drives Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease

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