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61.
Herkama Sanna Kontio Mari Sainio Miia Turunen Tiina Poskiparta Elisa Salmivalli Christina 《Prevention science》2022,23(6):954-968
Prevention Science - The long-term sustainment of bullying prevention programs has rarely been investigated. This study addresses this gap by identifying facilitators and barriers to the systematic... 相似文献
62.
Camila D. S. Barros Jomênica B. Livramento Margaret G. Mouro Elisa Mieko Suemitsu Higa Carlos T. Moraes Celia Harumi Tengan 《Nutrients》2021,13(2)
L-Arginine (L-ARG) supplementation has been suggested as a therapeutic option in several diseases, including Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like syndrome (MELAS), arguably the most common mitochondrial disease. It is suggested that L-ARG, a nitric oxide (NO) precursor, can restore NO levels in blood vessels, improving cerebral blood flow. However, NO also participates in mitochondrial processes, such as mitochondrial biogenesis, the regulation of the respiratory chain, and oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of L-ARG on mitochondrial function, nitric oxide synthesis, and nitro-oxidative stress in cell lines harboring the MELAS mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation (m.3243A>G). We evaluated mitochondrial enzyme activity, mitochondrial mass, NO concentration, and nitro-oxidative stress. Our results showed that m.3243A>G cells had increased NO levels and protein nitration at basal conditions. Treatment with L-ARG did not affect the mitochondrial function and mass but reduced the intracellular NO concentration and nitrated proteins in m.3243A>G cells. The same treatment led to opposite effects in control cells. In conclusion, we showed that the main effect of L-ARG was on protein nitration. Lowering protein nitration is probably involved in the mechanism related to L-ARG supplementation benefits in MELAS patients. 相似文献
63.
Vincenzo Di Stefano Raffaele Ornello Andrea Gagliardo Angelo Torrente Elisa Illuminato Valeria Caponnetto Ilaria Frattale Raffaella Golini Chiara Di Felice Fabiola Graziano Maria Caccamo Davide Ventimiglia Salvatore Iacono Gabriella Matarazzo Francesco Armetta Giuseppe Battaglia Alberto Firenze Simona Sacco Filippo Brighina 《Nutrients》2021,13(4)
Background: The restrictions taken to control the rapid spread of COVID-19 resulted in a sudden, unprecedented change in people’s lifestyle, leading to negative consequences on general health. This study aimed to estimate the impact of such changes on migraine severity during 2020 March–May lockdown. Methods: Patients affected by migraine with or without aura, diagnosed by expert physicians, completed a detailed interview comprehensive of: assessment of migraine characteristics; measure of physical activity (PA) levels; measure of the intake frequency of main Italian foods; the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire investigating sleep disorders. Results: We included 261 patients with a mean age of 44.5 ± 12.3 years. During social distancing, 72 patients (28%) reported a headache worsening, 86 (33%) an improvement, and 103 (39%) a stable headache frequency. A significant decrease of the PA levels during COVID-19 quarantine in the whole study sample was observed (median total metabolic equivalent task (METs) decreased from 1170 to 510; p < 0.001). Additionally, a significant difference was reported on median ISI scores (from 7 to 8; p < 0.001), which were increased in patients who presented a stable or worsening headache. Conclusions: Our study confirmed that the restrictions taken during the pandemic have affected the practice of PA levels and sleep quality in migraine. Hence, PA and sleep quality should be assessed to find strategies for an improvement in quality of life. 相似文献
64.
Carola Buscemi Yvelise Ferro Roberta Pujia Elisa Mazza Giada Boragina Angela Sciacqua Salvatore Piro Arturo Pujia Giorgio Sesti Silvio Buscemi Tiziana Montalcini 《Nutrients》2021,13(6)
Elderly women exhibit a high risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but no definitive data exist about the possible role of postmenopausal increases in visceral adiposity, the loss of lean body mass, or decreases in the sum of the lean mass of arms and legs (appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM)). This retrospective, longitudinal study investigated whether body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis) predicted the development of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or T2D in a cohort of 159 elderly women (age: 71 ± 5 years, follow-up: 94 months) from southern Italy (Clinical Nutrition and Geriatric Units of the “Mater Domini” University Hospital in Catanzaro, Calabria region, and the “P. Giaccone ”University Hospital in Palermo, Sicily region). Sarcopenia was defined in a subgroup of 128 women according to the EWGSOP criteria as the presence of low muscle strength (handgrip strength <16 kg) plus low muscle mass (reported as appendicular skeletal muscle mass <15 kg). Participants with a low ASMM had a higher IFG/T2D incidence than those with a normal ASMM (17% vs. 6%, p-adjusted = 0.044); this finding was independent of BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, and habitual fat intake (OR = 3.81, p = 0.034). A higher incidence of IFG/T2D was observed in the subgroup with sarcopenia than those without sarcopenia (33% vs. 7%, p-adjusted = 0.005) independent of BMI and fat mass (OR = 6.75, p = 0.007). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that elderly women with low ASMM had a higher probability of developing IFG/T2D. Further studies are needed to confirm these results in men and in other age groups. 相似文献
65.
Kyohei Itamura Arthur Wu Elisa Illing Jonathan Ting Thomas Higgins 《JMIR Public Health and Surveillance》2021,7(1)
BackgroundReal-time polymerase chain reaction using nasopharyngeal swabs is currently the most widely used diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2 detection. However, false negatives and the sensitivity of this mode of testing have posed challenges in the accurate estimation of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection rates.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether technical and, therefore, correctable errors were being made with regard to nasopharyngeal swab procedures.MethodsWe searched a web-based video database (YouTube) for videos demonstrating SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal swab tests, posted from January 1 to May 15, 2020. Videos were rated by 3 blinded rhinologists for accuracy of swab angle and depth. The overall score for swab angle and swab depth for each nasopharyngeal swab demonstration video was determined based on the majority score with agreement between at least 2 of the 3 reviewers. We then comparatively evaluated video data collected from YouTube videos demonstrating the correct nasopharyngeal swab technique with data from videos demonstrating an incorrect nasopharyngeal swab technique. Multiple linear regression analysis with statistical significance set at P=.05 was performed to determine video data variables associated with the correct nasopharyngeal swab technique.ResultsIn all, 126 videos met the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, 52.3% (66/126) of all videos demonstrated the correct swab angle, and 46% (58/126) of the videos demonstrated an appropriate swab depth. Moreover, 45.2% (57/126) of the videos demonstrated both correct nasopharyngeal swab angle and appropriate depth, whereas 46.8% (59/126) of the videos demonstrated both incorrect nasopharyngeal swab angle and inappropriate depth. Videos with correct nasopharyngeal swab technique were associated with the swab operators identifying themselves as a medical professional or as an Ear, Nose, Throat–related medical professional. We also found an association between correct nasopharyngeal swab techniques and recency of video publication date (relative to May 15, 2020).ConclusionsOur findings show that over half of the videos documenting the nasopharyngeal swab test showed an incorrect technique, which could elevate false-negative test rates. Therefore, greater attention needs to be provided toward educating frontline health care workers who routinely perform nasopharyngeal swab procedures. 相似文献
66.
Andrea Calcagno Valeria Ghisetti Teresa Emanuele Mattia Trunfio Silvia Faraoni Lucio Boglione Elisa Burdino Sabrina Audagnotto Filippo Lipani Marco Nigra Antonio DAvolio Stefano Bonora Giovanni Di Perri 《Emerging infectious diseases》2021,27(1):303
We measured severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein subunits S1/S2 antibodies by using capillary electrophoresis and a chemiluminescence immunoassay for 5,444 active healthcare workers in Italy. Seroprevalence was 6.9% and higher among participants having contact with patients. Seroconversion was not observed in 37/213 previously infected participants. 相似文献
67.
68.
Elisa Bannone Stefano Andrianello Giovanni Marchegiani Giuseppe Malleo Salvatore Paiella Roberto Salvia Claudio Bassi 《Surgery》2021,169(2):377-387
BackgroundPostoperative hyperamylasemia is a frequent finding after pancreatoduodenectomy, but its incidence and clinical implications have not yet been analyzed systematically. The aim of this review is to reappraise the concept of postoperative hyperamylasemia with postoperative acute pancreatitis, including its definition, interpretation, and correlation.MethodsOnline databases were used to search all available relevant literature published through June 2019. The following search terms were used: “pancreaticoduodenectomy,” “amylase,” and “pancreatitis.” Surgical series reporting data on postoperative hyperamylasemia or postoperative acute pancreatitis were selected and screened.ResultsAmong 379 screened studies, 39 papers were included and comprised data from a total of 9,220 patients. Postoperative hyperamylasemia was rarely defined in most of these series, and serum amylase values were measured at different cutoff levels and reported on different postoperative days. The actual levels of serum amylase activity and the representative cutoff levels required to reach a diagnosis of postoperative acute pancreatitis were markedly greater on the first postoperative days and tended to decrease over time. Most studies analyzing postoperative hyperamylasemia focused on its correlation with postoperative pancreatic fistula and other postoperative morbidities. The incidence of postoperative acute pancreatitis varied markedly between studies, with its definition completely lacking in 40% of the analyzed papers. A soft pancreatic parenchyma, a small pancreatic duct, and pathology differing from cancer or chronic pancreatitis were all predisposing factors to the development of postoperative hyperamylasemia.ConclusionPostoperative hyperamylasemia has been proposed as the biochemical expression of pancreatic parenchymal injury related to localized ischemia and inflammation of the pancreatic stump. Such phenomena, analogous to those associated with acute pancreatitis, could perhaps be renamed as postoperative acute pancreatitis from a clinical standpoint. Patients with postoperative acute pancreatitis experienced an increased rate of all postoperative complications, particularly postoperative pancreatic fistula. Taken together, the discrepancies among previous studies of postoperative hyperamylasemia and postoperative acute pancreatitis outlined in the present review may provide a basis for stronger evidence necessary for the development of universally accepted definitions for postoperative hyperamylasemia and postoperative acute pancreatitis. 相似文献
69.
Gordon Nicole T. Alberty-Oller Jaime J. Fei Kezhen Greco Giampaolo Gallagher Emily J. LeRoith Derek Feldman Sheldon M. Killilea Bridgid Boolbol Susan K. Choi Lydia Friedman Neil Pilewskie Melissa Port Elisa Tiersten Amy Bickell Nina A. 《Annals of surgical oncology》2021,28(11):5941-5947
Annals of Surgical Oncology - Black women with breast cancer have a worse overall survival compared with White women; however, no difference in Oncotype DX? (ODX) recurrence scores has been... 相似文献
70.
Capovilla Giovanni Moletta Lucia Pierobon Elisa Sefora Salvador Renato Provenzano Luca Zanchettin Gianpietro Costantini Mario Merigliano Stefano Valmasoni Michele 《Annals of surgical oncology》2021,28(3):476-476
Annals of Surgical Oncology - 相似文献