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41.
Dimitris Voudouris Saritha Radhakrishnan Vassilia Hatzitaki Eli Brenner 《Gait & posture》2013,37(3):477-482
We examined whether challenging upright stance influences the execution of a grasping task. Participants reached to grasp a small sphere while standing either on a stable surface or on foam. Before reaching for the sphere, participants exhibited more body sway and greater fluctuations in the centre of pressure when standing on foam. While reaching for the sphere, the overall body posture changed less when standing on foam than when standing on the stable surface. The digits’ and wrist's movements towards the sphere were no different when standing on foam than when standing on the stable surface. Presumably, the redundancy in the way movements can be performed is exploited to choose the most suitable changes in joint angles to achieve the desired movements of the digits under the prevailing conditions. 相似文献
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The article reports and reflects on a study of kindergarten staff member’s gendered attitudes. The empirical part consists of answers to a questionnaire from some 700 staff members of all 80 kindergartens in two Danish municipalities. The theoretical approach is informed by the framework of Pierre Bourdieu and the Mary Douglas’ Grid Group Cultural Theory. The common strong point of view is that men are an exceptional educational resource in kindergartens and for the sake of gender equality on the labour market, one is to promote a higher proportion of male workers in kindergartens and in several other sectors, where women commonly are in the majority. We examine these premises in respect of Denmark and Norway and then confront the notion of kindergartens to be gender-segregated in pedagogical and professional terms. In conclusion, it is proposed a renewal of the starting point of the educational gender research. 相似文献
44.
In the situation of an irreparable meniscus tear, an implant comparable to a normal meniscus is an attractive option. Using a canine model, we assessed the early and late histologic response to a tissue engineered meniscal collagen scaffold (CS). All animals received bilateral arthrotomies, and all joints receiving the CS had an 80% resection of the meniscus. Animals were sacrificed at 3 and 6 weeks, and 12, 13, and 17 months. The CS/tissue complex and host meniscal rim were sectioned for histologic examination with specific focus on the extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, cellular resorption of the scaffold, scaffold appearance, and CS/Host integration. Early histologic samples (3–6 weeks) revealed active angiogenesis and fibrin clots evolving into cellular granulation type tissue. At 12 months, a mature fibrochondrocytic matrix was depositing with gradations of dissolution and integration of the CS implant. Maturing CS/host integration was observed at 18 months. Active cellular resorption of the implant decreased over time. Four cases showed a mild non‐specific chronic inflammation and one additional case showed inflammatory engulfment of the scaffold with giant cells at 3 weeks. No evidence of infection either clinically or histologically was observed at any time point. Overall, this histologic analysis demonstrated the active integration of a meniscal like cartilage into a tissue engineered biological scaffold in a canine model. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1914–1919, 2013 相似文献
45.
Eli D. Scher Inaya Ahmed Ning J. Yue Salma K. Jabbour 《Journal of gastrointestinal oncology.》2014,5(3):198-211
Historically treated with surgery, current practice recommends anal carcinoma to be treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiation. This review will examine the anatomy, modes of disease spread and recurrence, and evaluate the existing evidence for treatment options for these tumors. An in-depth examination of specific radiation therapy (RT) techniques—such as conventional 3D-conformal RT and intensity-modulated RT—will be discussed along with modern dose constraints. RT field arrangement, patient setup, and recommended gross and clinical target volume (CTV) contours will be considered. Areas in need of further investigation, such as the role in treatment for positron emission tomography (PET) will be explored. 相似文献
46.
Gurvinder Kaur Eli T. Sayegh Andrew Larson Orin Bloch Michelle Madden Matthew Z. Sun Igor J. Barani C. David James Andrew T. Parsa 《Neuro-oncology》2014,16(5):628-636
Atypical meningiomas (AMs) and malignant meningiomas (MMs) are tumors with a lower incidence and poorer prognosis than benign meningiomas. The role of radiotherapy as an adjuvant to surgical resection, especially for AMs, is incompletely defined. In this study, the English-language literature was systematically reviewed for studies that reported tumor characteristics, treatment parameters, and clinical outcomes after adjuvant radiotherapy for AM and MM, including overall survival, progression-free survival, and/or time to recurrence or mortality. Clinical outcomes were further assessed in the context of resection status, timing of administration, and radiation dose. Outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery were also examined. Treatment toxicity and other potential prognostic or confounding factors were appraised. Ten and 11 studies for AM and MM, respectively, met the inclusion criteria. The median 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival after adjuvant radiotherapy were 54.2% and 67.5%, respectively, for AM and 48% and 55.6% for MM. The complication rates were 11.1% for AM and 5.1% for MM. Incomplete resection and radiation dose <50 Gy conferred significantly poorer 5-year progression-free survival. Most studies were unable to demonstrate a statistically significant prognostic benefit for adjuvant radiotherapy in AM. In conclusion, adjuvant radiotherapy significantly improved local control of AMs and MMs, especially after subtotal resection. Study limitations, including inadequate statistical power, may underlie the studies'' inability to demonstrate a statistically significant benefit for adjuvant radiotherapy in AM. Because these tumors preferentially recur within 5 years of surgical resection, future studies should define whether early adjuvant therapy should become part of the standard treatment paradigm for completely excised tumors. 相似文献
47.
During January 2008–October 2013, a total of 12 cases of giardiasis at the Chaim Sheba and Shaare Zedek Medical Centers, Israel, did not respond to nitroimidazole; 83.3% were associated with travel and 33% with immunoglobulin deficiency. Among 110 published cases, the most effective treatment was quinacrine (efficacy 90%–100%), but its availability is limited. 相似文献
48.
Sergey V. Balashov Eli Mordechai Martin E. Adelson Jack D. Sobel Scott E. Gygax 《Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease》2014
Lactobacilli play a key role in promoting vaginal health. Depletion of these bacteria is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), the most common vaginal disorder. Here we describe the development and laboratory validation of a novel single-tube multiplex TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for the identification and quantitative assessment of the four major vaginal Lactobacillus species: L. crispatus, L. jensenii, L. gasseri, and L. iners. The assay utility was evaluated by the analysis of lactobacilli in non-cultured clinical vaginal swab specimens collected from BV patients and healthy individuals. As confirmed by the assay, L. crispatus, L. jensenii, and to a lesser extent L. gasseri, are common in the vagina of healthy women, whereas L. iners dominance is associated with BV. The major assay limitation was preferential detection of dominant Lactobacillus species in samples with mixed lactobacilli resulting in lower sensitivity for minor species. The multiplex qPCR assay described here is an advance in the detection and quantitation of the major vaginal lactobacilli, potentially facilitating the molecular diagnosis of BV and post-therapy restoration of the vaginal microflora. 相似文献
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