青春期前型外阴纤维瘤临床病理分析

目的:探讨青春期前型外阴纤维瘤(prepubertal-type vulva fibroma,PVF)的临床病理特征。方法:分析2例PVF的临床特点,光镜观察组织病理学形态及免疫组织化学特征并复习相关文献。结果:2例分别为8岁和39岁女性,均以大阴唇肿块就诊。肿块均分布在一侧,4～5 cm大。组织学观察病变位于真皮层边界不清,由稀疏的梭形纤维母细胞样的细胞和大量胶原纤维组成,病变向皮下组织延伸,在邻近的脂肪组织及血管簇、神经周围穿插性生长;梭形细胞形态温和无异型、核分裂象未查见。免疫组织化学标记显示:瘤细胞表达波形蛋白、CD34,不表达SMA、desmin、CD99、S-100蛋白、bcl-2,成人局灶表达ER和PR。结论:PVF是一种好发于青春前期幼女或女童外阴的良性间叶性病变,偶可发生于成年人。其发生可能与激素有关并起源于外阴阴道间质细胞,表现为纤维母细胞分化特征。临床有少量病例如切除不净可局部复发,并见可自发性消退病例。     

低温含血保护液微流量持续灌注对热缺血猪心的保护

目的研究低温含血保护液微流量持续灌注对热缺血猪心的保护作用,探讨心脏移植中供心保护的有效方法。方法24只离体猪心随机分为实验组（n=12,热缺血10min,4℃含血保护液持续灌注8h）和对照组（n=12,热缺血10min,4℃保护液浸泡保存8h）,进行原位心脏移植,分别监测心脏复跳及血流动力学情况：心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、心输出量（CO）,心肌肌钙蛋白T（cTnT）、肌红蛋白（Mb）水平。结果实验组心脏复跳情况、血流动力学优于对照组;对照组心肌蛋白显著高于实验组（P〈0．05）。结论低温含血保护液微流量持续灌注对热缺血猪心的心功能以及心肌组织有较好的保护作用。     

Microbiological assessment of indoor air of a teaching hospital in Nigeria

Objective

To investigate the quality of indoor air of different wards and units of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, to ascertain their contribution to infection rate in the hospital.

Methods

The microbial quality of indoor air of nine wards/units of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria was conducted. Sedimentation technique using open Petri-dishes containing different culture media was employed and samplings were done twice daily, one in the morning shortly after cleaning and before influx of people/patients into the wards/units and the other in the evening when a lot of activities would have taken place in these wards. Isolates were identified according to standard methods.

Results

Results showed that there was a statistically significant difference (χ² = 6.016 7) in the bacteria population of the different sampling time whereas it was not so for fungi population (χ² = 0.285 7). Male medical ward (MMW) and male surgical general (MSG) recorded the highest bacterial and fungal growth while the operating theatre (OT) was almost free of microbial burden. The bacteria isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella sp., Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia marscences while the fungi isolates included Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Candida albicans and Alternaria sp. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominantly isolated bacterium while Penicillium sp. was the most isolated fungus.

Conclusions

Though most of the microbial isolates were potential and or opportunistic pathogens, there was no correlation between the isolates in this study and the surveillance report of nosocomial infection during the period of study, hence the contribution of the indoor air cannot be established. From the reduction noticed in the morning samples, stringent measures such as proper disinfection and regular cleaning, restriction of patient relatives'' movement in and out of the wards/units need to be enforced so as to improve the quality of indoor air of our hospital wards/units.     

利用微型种植体支抗压低下颌磨牙的临床研究

目的研究安氏Ⅰ类错患者中,采用微型种植体作支抗,压低下颌磨牙的临床效果及其作用特点。方法选择12例成人患者,将24枚微型种植体植于下颌第一磨牙近、远中的颊侧牙槽骨内,Ni-Ti螺旋弹簧拉长后分别连接于下颌第一磨牙带环颊侧,来压低下颌第一磨牙。测量磨牙的压低量、颊舌向的位置变化、近远中倾斜度以及磨牙移动的速度,并通过治疗前后的X线片对比以观察磨牙牙根有无吸收,牙周膜腔的变化情况。通过测量下颌第二磨牙与下颌中切牙的位置变化来衡量支抗强弱。结果下颌第一磨牙平均压低3.5mm,疗程5.2个月,平均移动速度0.67mm/月;磨牙牙冠近颊尖、远颊尖分别颊向移动1.2mm、1.3mm。磨牙牙根没有吸收,牙周膜腔宽度没有改变。下颌第二磨牙与下颌中切牙的位置没有改变。结论所有下颌磨牙均被压低到了恰当的位置,为对颌牙的修复治疗提供了足够的间隙。同时该方法临床操作简单易行,适于推广。     

SA/hIL21双功能融合蛋白的表达、纯化及生物学活性检测

目的 制备链亲和素(SA)标记的人白细胞介素21融合蛋白(SA-hIL-21),检测其生物学活性.方法 构建hIL21-SA-pET21及pET24a-SA-hIL21质粒,利用大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)表达两种双功能融合蛋白,并利用镍金属螯合层析柱(Ni-NTA)纯化,之后透析复性,Western blotting进行鉴定,最后利用MTT法检测hIL21-SA及SA-hIL21融合蛋白与抗CD3单克隆抗体(anti-CD3)共刺激人外周血淋巴细胞的增殖活性,流式细胞仪分析两种融合蛋白对生物素化的MB49肿瘤细胞的锚定修饰效率.结果 hIL21-SA及SA-hIL21重组融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中实现了高效表达,约占菌体蛋白的30%,经复性后hIL21-SA及SA-hlL21具有了双重活性,即不仅可以与抗CD3单抗共刺激淋巴细胞的增殖,而且具有了SA介导的高效结合已生物素化的MB49肿瘤细胞表面的功能(表面修饰效率95.18%,96.91%).结论 本实验成功研制了具有双重活性的hIL21-SA及SA-hlL21融合蛋白,两种融合蛋白的双功能活性无显著性差异,该项研究为SA/hIL21双功能融合蛋白应用于肿瘤疫苗以及肿瘤局部治疗奠定了基础.     

南京医科大学七年制临床医学专业人才培养效果评价

通过对毕业生及其培养或用人单位的问卷调查,本文分析了南京医科大学七年制临床医学专业人才培养的成效,以及江苏省医疗卫生事业发展对高层次医学人才的需求.结果 显示,临床实践能力和科研创新能力是医疗卫生事业发展所需要的高层次医学人才的重要能力;在三级甲等医院工作,具有硕士/博士学位、在专业技术岗位的被调查者更加看重医学生的科研创新能力;而在1年通识教育、4年医学专业教育(含1年临床课程及见习、1年临床通科实习)、2年二级学科轮转模式下培养的七年制临床医学专业毕业生的临床实践能力较强,但是科研创新能力不足,且学业负担偏重.因此,应当加强对七年制临床医学专业学生科研创新能力的培养和临床实践能力的通科训练.

Abstract：

An evaluation of 7-year medical education program in Nanjing Medical University was performed via questionnaire survey to the graduates and the staff of hospitals in which the graduates work,and the demand for advanced quality of medical graduates in the field of medical health care in Jiangsu Province is further analyzed. The results showed that the capacity for clinical practice and the capacity for research and innovation are the most important, which can meet the demands of health service development for high-level medical talents. The staff working in advanced hospitals, possessing master or doctor degree,or working as medical experts put more emphasis on the ability of the graduates to do innovative scientific research. Through the completed procedure of the 7-year program includes college general education for 1 year, medical education for 4 years ( containing senior clinical clerkship for 1 year and internship for 1 year) and alternation for medical and surgery subspecialties for 2 years, the graduates showed higher ability to do clinical practice, but not showed the growth of capacity for research and innovation. The most staff investigated proposed an enhancement in training for the capacity for innovative research and general clinical practice.     

Facteurs associés aux perdus de vue des patients sous traitement antirétroviral dans un centre de traitement ambulatoire du VIH à Conakry,Guinée

Background

Late or inadequate therapeutic management increases the risk of mortality associated with HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to analyze the proportion and factors associated with loss of follow-up in HIV patients who receiving antiretroviral therapy at Conakry.

Enhancement of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity: effects on cellular oxidant defense

To delineate further the role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in red blood cell (RBC) oxidant defense, normal human erythrocytes were osmotically lysed and resealed in the presence of varying concentrations of exogenous SOD. This resulted in a dose-dependent increase in SOD activity in the resealed erythrocytes while maintaining nearly normal RBC hemoglobin concentration (less than 10% decrease from the control value), cell volume, and cellular deformability. Surprisingly, a five- or ninefold increase in SOD activity yielded no additional protection against superoxide-generating drugs (phenazine methosulfate or menadione sodium bisulfite). No significant differences were observed between the control and SOD-loaded RBCs in O2-driven methemoglobin formation or generation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. In contrast, RBCs with elevated SOD activity pretreated with sodium azide (to block catalase activity) or 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene (to deplete reduced glutathione, GSH) showed significantly enhanced methemoglobin generation in response to superoxide generating drugs. No differential response was noted between the control, control-resealed, and SOD-loaded RBCs to oxidants other than superoxide. Based on our results and other data, we conclude that elevated SOD activity may imbalance cellular oxidant defense, resulting in enhanced oxidation due to the accelerated generation of H2O2, the product of O2- dismutation. This effect is significantly exacerbated under conditions in which H2O2 catabolism is altered.     

The human premotor oculomotor brainstem system – can it help to understand oculomotor symptoms in Huntington's disease?

Recent progress in oculomotor research has enabled new insights into the functional neuroanatomy of the human premotor oculomotor brainstem network. In the present review, we provide an overview of its functional neuroanatomy and summarize the broad range of oculomotor dysfunctions that may occur in Huntington's disease (HD) patients. Although some of these oculomotor symptoms point to an involvement of the premotor oculomotor brainstem network in HD, no systematic analysis of this functional system has yet been performed in brains of HD patients. Therefore, its exact contribution to oculomotor symptoms in HD remains unclear. A possible strategy to clarify this issue is the use of unconventional 100-µm-thick serial tissue sections stained for Nissl substance and lipofuscin pigment (Nissl-pigment stain according to Braak). This technique makes it possible to identify the known nuclei of the premotor oculomotor brainstem network and to study their possible involvement in the neurodegenerative process. Studies applying this morphological approach and using the current knowledge regarding the functional neuroanatomy of this human premotor oculomotor brainstem network will help to elucidate the anatomical basis of the large spectrum of oculomotor dysfunctions that are observed in HD patients. This knowledge may aid clinicians in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease.