中小企业工作场所"立体化"警示标识模式探讨

,教育及实用性均达到了较好的效果.结论 "立体化"警示标识系统对于中小企业如何设立警示标识具有一定的借鉴意义.     

A case of HER2 overexpressing recurrent breast cancer treated clinically showing a complete response to trastuzumab/paclitaxel combination therapy

A 57-year-old female was diagnosed as local, lung, and multiple liver metastases in the 2 years and 6 months after surgery. As expression of HER2 showed 3+, we performed trastuzumab/paclitaxel combination therapy. After 3 cycles, a rapid complete response was seen clinically. It is suggested that trastuzumab/paclitaxel combination therapy might be a first-line treatment for HER2 overexpressing recurrent breast cancer which had not been treated previously with anthracycline drugs.     

Delivery of Chlamydia vaccines

The plethora of ocular, genital and respiratory diseases of Chlamydia, including nongonococcal urethritis, cervicitis pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, tubal factor infertility, conjunctivitis, blinding trachoma and interstitial pneumonia, and chronic diseases that may include atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, adult onset asthma and Alzheimer's disease, still pose a considerable public health challenge to many nations. Although antibiotics are effective against Chlamydia when effectively diagnosed, asymptomatic infections are rampart, making clinical presentation of complications often the first evidence of an infection. Consequently, the current medical opinion is that an effective prophylactic vaccine would constitute the best approach to protect the human population from the most severe consequences of these infections. Clinical and experimental studies have demonstration that Chlamydia immunity in animals and humans is mediated by T cells and a complementary antibody response, and the completion of the genome sequencing of several isolates of Chlamydia is broadening our knowledge of the immunogenic antigens with potential vaccine value. Thus, major advances have been made in defining the essential elements of a potentially effective subunit vaccine design and parameters for evaluation. However, the challenge to develop effective delivery systems and human compatible adjuvants that would boost the immune response to achieve long-lasting protective immunity remains an elusive objective in chlamydial vaccine research. In response to evolving molecular and cellular technologies and novel vaccinology approaches, considerable progress is being made in the construction of novel delivery systems, such as DNA and plasmid expression systems, viral vectors, living and nonliving bacterial delivery systems, the use of chemical adjuvants, lipoprotein constructs and the codelivery of vaccines and specific immuno-modulatory biological agonists targeting receptors for chemokines, Toll-like receptors, and costimulatory molecules. The application of these novel delivery strategies to Chlamydia vaccine design could culminate in timely achievement of an efficacious vaccine.     

Serologic evidence of infection with ehrlichiae and spotted fever group rickettsiae among residents of Gag Island,Indonesia

The causative agents of scrub and murine typhus are considered endemic to Indonesia. However, the presence of spotted fever group rickettsiae and ehrlichiae have not been previously described in this country. During an investigation of arthropod-borne diseases on Gag Island, located northwest of the island of New Guinea in eastern Indonesia, the prevalence of antibody to the etiologic agents of monocytic ehrlichiosis, spotted fever rickettsiosis, and scrub and murine typhus were determined. Analysis of 55 blood samples from residents of Gag Island showed seroreactivity to antigen preparations of Ehrlichia chaffeensis (7 of 48, 14.6%), two spotted fever group rickettsiae: Rickettsia rickettsii (5 of 48, 10.4%) and R. conorii (10 of 49, 20.4%), Orientia tsutsugamushi (5 of 53, 9.4%), and R. typhi (1 of 48, 2.1% [by an indirect immunofluorescence assay] and 1 of 50, 2.0% [by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]). These results show serologic evidence of infection with ehrlichiae and spotted fever group rickettsiae for the first time in Indonesia in a location where the prevalence of antibody to O. tsutsugamushi and R. typhi was lower.     

高脂膳食对SR-A I/Ⅱ基因敲除小鼠白色脂肪组织中UCP2 mRNA表达的影响

目的:观察sR-A I/Ⅱ基因敲除(sR-A I/Ⅱ-/-)小鼠白色脂肪组织中UCP2 mRNA的表达,探讨其与sR-A I/Ⅱ-/-小鼠肥胖易感的关系.方法:应用荧光定量RT-PCR检测小鼠附睾周白色脂肪组织中UCP2 mRNA的表达;图像分析法评估附睾周脂肪细胞形态学变化;酶法检测甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(Tc)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)血脂水平.结果:经12周高脂饲料喂养,SR-A I/Ⅱ-/-小鼠的体重、血脂(TG、Tc、LDL-C)水平、附睾周脂肪垫重量、脂肪细胞面积和直径均大于野生(sR-A I/Ⅱ / )对照小鼠(P<0.01);白色脂肪组织UCP2 mRNA表达量低于SR-A I/Ⅱ / 小鼠(P<0.01).结论:SR-A I/Ⅱ-/-小鼠对膳食诱导肥胖(diet-induced obesity,DIO)易感可能与其白色脂肪组织UCP2 mRNA表达异常有关.     

Chemokine and Chemokine Receptor Dynamics during Genital Chlamydial Infection

Current design strategies for vaccines against certain microbial pathogens, including Chlamydia trachomatis, require the induction and targeting of specific immune effectors to the local sites of infection known as the mucosal effector sites. Chemokines and their receptors are important mediators of leukocyte trafficking and of the controlled recruitment of specific leukocyte clonotypes during host defense against infections and during inflammation. We analyzed the dynamics of chemokine and chemokine receptor expression in genital mucosae during genital chlamydial infection in a murine model to determine how these molecular entities influence the development of immunity and the clearance of infection. A time course study revealed an increase of up to threefold in the levels of expression of RANTES, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), gamma-interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and intercellular adhesion molecule type 1 (ICAM-1) after genital infection with the C. trachomatis agent of mouse pneumonitis. Peak levels of expression of RANTES, MCP-1, and MIP-1alpha occurred by day 7 after primary infection, while those of IP-10 and ICAM-1 peaked by day 21. Expression levels of these molecules decreased by day 42 after primary infection, by which time all animals had resolved the infection, suggesting an infection-driven regulation of expression. A rapid upregulation of expression of these molecules was observed after secondary infection. The presence of cells bearing the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR3, known to be preferentially expressed on Th1 and dendritic cells, was also synchronous with the kinetics of immune induction in the genital tract and clearance of infection. Results demonstrated that genital chlamydial infection is associated with a significant induction of chemokines and chemokine receptors that are involved in the recruitment of Th1 cells into the site of infection. Future studies will focus on how selective modulation of chemokines and their receptors can be used to optimize long-term immunity against CHLAMYDIA:     

冬连胶囊对实验性糖尿病大鼠早期胰岛素抵抗的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of Donglian Capsule(the combination of Ophiopogonis Tuber Polysaccharide with Rhizoma Coptidis Alkaloids, OPRA for short, Component of Chinese medicine)on early insulin resistance in experimental diabetic rats. Methods The animal model of insulin resistance in 2 type diabetic was established by injecting low dose of STZ in 60 high fat-fed SD rats. After one week, the successful models were randomly divided into 4 groups: untreated, high and low OPRA-treated, mefformin-treated group, Meanwhile, a normal control group was designed. After four weeks, the differences of FBG, PG, INS and C-P were compared among the groups. Results The OPRA can significantly reduced the level of serum TC and FBG, increased the C-E ]Lightened the IRI(P<0.01). Conclusion The OPRA can reduce the level of serum TG and FBG, and decrease insulin resistance to protect the β-cell function.     

冬连胶囊对实验性糖尿病大鼠早期胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的 观察冬连胶囊对实验性糖尿病模型大鼠早期胰岛素抵抗和胰岛功能的影响.方法 给60只SD大鼠腹腔注射小剂量链尿佐菌素(STZ),配合给予高脂高糖饮食,建立2犁糖尿病胰岛素抵抗模型,1周后,用数字随机表法分为模型组、冬连胶囊大剂量组、小剂量组和阳性对照(二甲双胍)组、空白组.4周后,观察药物对空腹血糖、血脂、胰高血糖素、胰岛素和C肽的影响.结果 较模型组,冬连胶囊组可显著降低总胆固醇水平、血糖水平、胰岛素抵抗水平,提高血清C肽水平(P<0.01).结论 冬连胶囊通过降低血脂和血糖水平,减轻机体胰岛素抵抗,保护胰岛细胞,从而改善大鼠胰岛β分泌功能.     

Antimicrobial resistance trends of shigellae isolates from Calabar, Nigeria.

During a 3-year study (January 1986-December 1988), stools of 2200 diarrhoeal or dysenteric patients were examined by culturing and 108 (4.9%) were found positive for shigellae. Shigella flexneri was the commonest species isolated (54.6%), followed by Sh. dysenteriae (24.1%). Patients aged less than or equal to 15 years accounted for 51.4% of cases. Shigellae over the 3 years showed high and sometimes rising resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin and cotrimoxazole and complete resistance to tetracyclines and sulphonamides. Sh. sonnei strains isolated in 1986 and 1987 were almost invariably sensitive to all antimicrobial agents except ampicillin, while in 1988 strains were resistant to all. The isolation rate was higher (74.1%) during the dry season than in the rainy season (25.9%) (P less than 0.01). Low standards of community and personal hygiene and improper sewage disposal are the prevailing epidemiological factors identified.