2011年唐山市手足口病发病与气象因素相关分析

目的分析唐山市手足口病发病与气象因素之间的关系,为手足13病的防治、预报提供相关依据。方法收集唐山市2011年每日手足口病发病数及同期气象资料,包括平均温度、最高温度、最低温度、相对湿度等,利用Excel软件加载宏的数据分析功能进行数据处理。结果唐山市手足口病受气象因素影响较大,手足口病发病与温度和湿度呈显著正相关。高发季节为夏秋季,平均气温25℃左右、湿度76％左右病例数最多。结论手足口病发病除了与传染源、传播途径、易感人群等流行病学因素有关外,高温、高湿等气象因素也与其密切相关。夏秋季节是防控疾病的重要时期。     

大鼠成釉细胞的原代培养和光、电镜观察

目的 通过对大鼠成釉细胞进行分离培养,为在离体状态下研究成釉细胞的发育和影响因素以及与釉质发育的关系奠定实验基础。方法 运用组织细胞分离培养技术分离大鼠的成釉细胞并进行原代培养,在光、电镜下观察其形态结构。结果 成釉细胞成簇生长,胞体多呈柱状,胞浆内细胞器发育完好。结论 原代培养的成釉细胞基本保持其在体时的形态及结构特征,此种方法可以用于成釉细胞的体外研究。     

国产注射用阿莫西林钠舒巴坦钠的急性毒性研究

目的 研究国产注射用阿莫西林钠舒巴坦钠(AMSB)对小鼠的急性毒性。方法 分别用AMSB2500mg／kg、5000mg／kg静脉注射给药和5000mg/kg腹腔注射给药对小鼠进行急性毒性试验,并与进口同种产品阿莫西林钠舒巴坦钠(TFM,商品名泰霸猛)、注射用阿莫西林钠(AM)、注射用舒巴坦钠(SB)进行了急性毒性比较。结果 国产AMSB、进口TFM、AM、SB静脉注射和腹腔注射给药对小鼠的LD50均大于5000mg／kg。结论 国产AMSB毒性很低,且与进口TFM毒性相同。     

冬连胶囊对实验性糖尿病大鼠早期胰岛素抵抗的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of Donglian Capsule(the combination of Ophiopogonis Tuber Polysaccharide with Rhizoma Coptidis Alkaloids, OPRA for short, Component of Chinese medicine)on early insulin resistance in experimental diabetic rats. Methods The animal model of insulin resistance in 2 type diabetic was established by injecting low dose of STZ in 60 high fat-fed SD rats. After one week, the successful models were randomly divided into 4 groups: untreated, high and low OPRA-treated, mefformin-treated group, Meanwhile, a normal control group was designed. After four weeks, the differences of FBG, PG, INS and C-P were compared among the groups. Results The OPRA can significantly reduced the level of serum TC and FBG, increased the C-E ]Lightened the IRI(P<0.01). Conclusion The OPRA can reduce the level of serum TG and FBG, and decrease insulin resistance to protect the β-cell function.     

三物白散整体水平抗肿瘤免疫正相调节效应研究

目的在整体水平上研究三物白散抗肿瘤过程中免疫正相调节效应。方法建立小鼠腋下移植性肿瘤模型,三物白散设大、中、小3个剂量组,另设1个正常对照组(生理盐水组)和一个阳性药组(5-氟尿嘧啶组),用药8 d后,摘取皮下瘤块、胸腺、脾脏,称其质量,计算抑瘤率、脾脏指数、胸腺指数,另摘眼球采血取血清,用放射免疫检测法检测荷瘤鼠血清中IL-2I、L-4表达。结果与正常对照组相比,用药组的体内抑瘤率均有显著差异(P<0.01);三物白散各组的胸腺、脾脏质量与正常对照组无明显差异,5-Fu组胸腺、脾脏质量与正常对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);与正常对照组相比,三物白散各剂量组IL-2水平升高(P<0.01),IL-4水平下降(P<0.05)。结论三物白散在整体水平上具有确切的抗肿瘤免疫正相调节作用。      

北京大学口腔医学专业留学生教育管理现状分析和思考

从北京大学口腔医学院留学生现状入手,分析我校口腔医学专业留学生的招生政策、年龄结构、生源地、学历结构、语言状况及留学动因;并揭示当前我国口腔医学专业留学生教育管理过程中出现的文化差异、语言能力差异及人文素质教育缺乏等主要问题,进而提出改进我校口腔医学专业留学生教育管理的思路和设想。     

Characterization and significance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from diarrhoeic stools in Nigeria

During a 12-month study period (January-December 1986), 12 Aeromonas strains (eight A. hydrophila and four A. sobria) were isolated from the 400 diarrhoeic and 200 non-diarrhoeic stools examined. Isolates were characterized for frequency of phenotypic properties associated with virulence using the suckling mouse test for enterotoxin assay; haemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes for haemolysin production, and haemagglutination of human group A cells (HA) for presence of colonization factor antigens (CFA). All seven A. hydrophila and three A. sobria strains isolated from diarrhoeic stools produced enterotoxin. All, except one A. sobria strain from a diarrhoeic stool, produced haemolysin in titres greater than 4. Fifty per cent of strains from diarrhoeic stools and 100% of strains from non-diarrhoeic stools were HA positive. All HA reactions were sensitive to mannose and galactose. The frequency of enterotoxin-producing aeromonads was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in diarrhoeic patients than in non-diarrhoeic controls. There was no significant difference (P greater than 0.05) in the frequency of haemolysin and HA production between diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic strains.     

羊蹄川军痛泻汤治疗肠激惹综合征的临床研究

目的：观察中药羊蹄川军痛泻汤治疗激惹综合征（IBS）效果。方法：115例IBS用中药羊蹄川军痛泻汤治疗,治疗组,另53例IBS用西药硝苯啶治疗为对照组,进行5周治疗后作疗效对比。结果：治疗后有效率治疗组为93．04％,对照组为69．81％,P＜0．05,有显性差异,两组治疗后临床症状和体征,如腹痛、大便性状和规律改变、腹胀,肠胃胀气等治疗组改善明显高于对照组P＜0．05。结论：认为羊蹄川军痛泻汤具有治疗IBS的作用。     

Two new sarpagine-type indole alkaloids and antimalarial activity of 16-demethoxycarbonylvoacamine from Tabernaemontana macrocarpa Jack

Journal of Natural Medicines - Two new sarpagine-type indole alkaloids (1 and 2), together with five known alkaloids; 12-methoxy-4-methylvoachalotine (3), 16-demethoxycarbonylvoacamine (4),...     

Interleukin-10 Modulates Antigen Presentation by Dendritic Cells through Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Assembly during Chlamydia Infection

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been implicated in susceptibility to genital chlamydial infection and the development of tubal pathologies. IL-10 limitation also resulted in the rapid elicitation of immune responses against Chlamydia, and decreased levels of IL-10 correlated with protective anti-Chlamydia immunity. To investigate the molecular basis for these effects, we compared the reproductive pathologies and fertility rates in Chlamydia-infected wild-type (WT) and IL-10-knockout (IL-10^−/−) mice; we also analyzed the expression of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)/interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) superfamily, IL-1β production, NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation, and the immunostimulatory capacity and apoptotic predilection of Chlamydia-exposed dendritic cells (DCs) from WT and IL-10^−/− mice. Our results revealed that, in addition to the rapid clearance of infection, genitally infected IL-10^−/− mice were protected from tubal pathologies and infertility, whereas WT (IL-10^+/+) mice were not. Chlamydia-pulsed IL-10^−/− DCs expressed larger numbers of TLR4/IL-1R molecules and had enhanced IL-1β production. In addition, NLRP3 inflammasome assembly was suppressed in IL-10^−/− DCs through the inhibition of the P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7) receptor (P2X7R), an ATP-gated ion channel, and a decrease in intracellular Ca²⁺ levels, which inhibited DC apoptosis. Thus, the potent immunostimulatory capacity of IL-10-deficient DCs is due, at least in part, to the suppression of the intracellular inflammasome assembly, which prevents DC apoptosis, allowing efficient antigen presentation. The results indicate that IL-10 deficiency enables efficient antigen presentation by DCs for rapid and enhanced immune activation against Chlamydia, which results in rapid microbial clearance, which prevents tubal pathologies during infection. Our finding has important implications for the induction of protective immunity against Chlamydia and other infectious and noninfectious diseases by vaccines.