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排序方式: 共有1616条查询结果,搜索用时 32 毫秒
101.
Esmaeli B Hortobagyi GN Esteva FJ Booser D Ahmadi MA Rivera E Arbuckle R Delpassand E Guerra L Valero V 《Ophthalmology》2002,109(6):1188-1191
PURPOSE: To compare the frequency of canalicular stenosis as a side effect of weekly versus every-3-weeks docetaxel in patients with metastatic breast cancer. DESIGN: Retrospective nonrandomized comparative trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients enrolled in a phase II study of weekly docetaxel plus trastuzumab and 18 patients enrolled in a phase II study of every-3-weeks docetaxel plus doxorubicin were evaluated. Each patient underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, probing and irrigation of the nasolacrimal duct, and, in some instances, a nuclear lacrimal scan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: If epiphora (excessive tearing) was reported by the patient, its time of onset was documented. In patients with epiphora, presence or absence of canalicular stenosis was evaluated on the basis of the findings on probing and irrigation. The duration of treatment with docetaxel, the dose frequency, and the cumulative dose of docetaxel were recorded in each case. RESULTS: Fourteen patients (77%) receiving weekly docetaxel plus trastuzumab had epiphora. Nine of these patients had significant anatomic narrowing of the canaliculi. Bicanalicular silicone intubation or dacryocystorhinostomy was recommended in all nine patients. Eight patients underwent surgery and experienced complete or near complete resolution of epiphora. Although two patients (11%) receiving every-3-weeks docetaxel plus doxorubicin reported transient symptoms of epiphora, neither patient was found to have narrowing of the canaliculi, and the epiphora was not severe enough to justify surgical intervention. The mean duration of docetaxel therapy for the patients in this study was 19 weeks. The mean cumulative dose of docetaxel was higher in patients with canalicular stenosis than in patients without this side effect. CONCLUSIONS: Canalicular stenosis was more common in patients receiving weekly docetaxel than in those receiving every-3-weeks docetaxel for metastatic breast cancer. Bicanalicular silicone intubation early in the course of weekly docetaxel therapy should be considered, because this intervention can prevent complete closure of the canaliculi. Once complete or near complete stenosis of the canaliculi occurs, placement of a permanent Pyrex glass tube may become necessary to overcome the blockage of tear outflow. 相似文献
102.
103.
Where now for meta-analysis? 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
104.
Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node identification in patients with cervix cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. 总被引:37,自引:0,他引:37
Charles Levenback Robert L Coleman Thomas W Burke W Michael Lin William Erdman Michael Deavers Ebrahim S Delpassand 《Journal of clinical oncology》2002,20(3):688-693
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of sentinel node identification in patients with invasive cervix cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy using preoperative and intraoperative lymphatic mapping. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients at two institutions were enrolled onto this institutional review board-approved study. All underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative lymphatic mapping with blue dye and a handheld gamma probe. Radical hysterectomy was aborted in four patients because metastatic disease was discovered on frozen section analysis of the sentinel node. RESULTS: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy revealed at least one sentinel node in 33 patients (85%), including 21 (55%) with bilateral sentinel nodes. All 39 patients had at least one sentinel node identified intraoperatively. Eighty percent of sentinel nodes were in three pelvic locations: iliac, obturator, and parametrial (in descending order of frequency). The remaining sentinel nodes were in the common iliac and para-aortic nodal basins. A total of 132 nodes were identified clinically as sentinel nodes; 65 (49%) were both blue and hot, 35 (27%) were blue only, and 32 (24%) were hot only. Eight patients (21%) had metastatic disease. In five of these patients, sentinel nodes were the only positive lymph nodes. One patient had false-negative sentinel nodes. She had four microscopically positive parametrial nodes that were resected in continuity with the uterus. The sensitivity of the sentinel node was 87.5% and the negative predictive value was 97%. CONCLUSION: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative lymphatic mapping were highly successful at identifying sentinel nodes in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy. 相似文献
105.
106.
Bang RL Sharma PN Gang RK Ghoneim IE Ebrahim MK 《European journal of epidemiology》2000,16(8):731-739
The study group is comprised of 234 patients (6.4%) who died out of 3680 patients treated for burn injuries during the period January 1982 to December 1997 in Kuwait. There were 112 (47.9%) males and 122 (52.1%) females and their mean age was 30 years (range 1–93) when compared with 24 years among survivors. The high mortality amongst two age groups 0–5 years (39 deaths, 16.7%) and 16–35 years (109 deaths, 46.6%) shows their vulnerability in the society. In 190 patients (81.2%) the burn injuries occurred at home. A total of 216 patients (92.3%) sustained flame burns mainly due to clothes on fire (40.6%) and cooking gas accidents (25.2%), and in 18 patients (7.7%) the burns were due to scalds. The suicidal burns occurred in 22 female and 5 male patients mainly of younger age groups. The mean percentage of burns was 71% (range 9–100%) as against 20% amongst survivors, and 195 patients (83.3%) had 50% total body surface area (TBSA) burn. Four patients (1.7%) had superficial dermal burns, 94 (40.2%) had full thickness and 136 (58.1%) had mixed with full thickness burns predominance. The associated inhalation injury was diagnosed in 132 patients (56.4%). A total of 61 patients (26.1%) had either single or multiple pre-existing diseases and 51 of them sustained flame burns. The day of death varied from 1 to 103 days (mean 16 days) but 58 patients (24.8%) died within 48 hours of post burn. A total of 120 patients (51.3%) died due to septicaemia, 83 (35.5%) due to renal failure, 28 (10.2%) due to multi-organ failure, and 7 (3.0%) due to bronchopneumonia. The overall mortality rate was 6.4%, but this has significantly lowered to 4.4% (p= < 0.01) during last four years probably due to better burn care. The study thus shows that age group 0–5 and 16–35 years, domestic accidents, flame burn, inhalation injury, and pre-existing diseases are risk factors and septicaemia as the dominant cause of death in our patients. 相似文献
107.
Pournourmohammadi S Farzami B Ostad SN Azizi E Abdollahi M 《Environmental toxicology and pharmacology》2005,19(1):191-196
Regarding the widespread use of organophosphorous pesticides (OP) especially malathion in environment and reported cases of muscle disturbances in human and animal, the present work was undertaken to explore effects of malathion subchronic exposure on rat leg skeletal muscle glucose metabolism by measuring key enzymes of glycogenolysis and glycolysis. Malathion was administered through food for 4 weeks at concentrations of 100, 200, and 400ppm to rats. Activities of enzymes including glycogen phosphorylase (GP), hexokinase (HK), and phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK) were measured in skeletal muscle homogenate of exposed rats. Levels of glucose and insulin were measured in blood. Four weeks administration of malathion at doses of 200 and 400ppm increased blood glucose concentrations to 44.4 and 60.6% of control, respectively. Malathion at doses of 200 and 400ppm increased blood insulin concentration to 36.6 and 143.2% of control, respectively. Malathion at doses of 100, 200, and 400ppm increased muscle PFK activity to 40.4, 53.5, and 83.1% of control, respectively. Malathion at doses of 400ppm increased skeletal muscle GP to 91.6% of control. Skeletal muscle HK was not influenced by malathion treatment. It is concluded that malathion influences muscle glycogenolysis and glycolysis as well as secretion of insulin from pancreas which all may explain diabetic potential of malathion. 相似文献
108.
109.
Life-course socioeconomic position, area deprivation, and coronary heart disease: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study 下载免费PDF全文
OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether residential area deprivation, over and above the effect of life-course socioeconomic status or position (SEP), is associated with coronary heart disease. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 4286 women aged 60 to 79 years from 457 British electoral wards. RESULTS: After adjustment for age and 10 indicators of individual life-course SEP, the odds of coronary heart disease was 27% greater among those living in wards with a deprivation score above the median compared with those living in a ward with a deprivation score equal to or below the median (odds ratio=1.27; 95% confidence interval=1.02, 1.57). CONCLUSIONS: Adverse area-level socioeconomic characteristics, over and above individual life-course SEP, are associated with increased coronary heart disease. 相似文献
110.
Adverse socioeconomic position across the lifecourse increases coronary heart disease risk cumulatively: findings from the British women's heart and health study 下载免费PDF全文
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of childhood and adult measurements of socioeconomic position with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. METHODS: Cross sectional and prospective analysis of a cohort of 4286 British women who were aged 60-79 years at baseline. Among these women there were 694 prevalent cases of CHD and 182 new incident cases among 13 217 person years of follow up of women who were free of CHD at baseline. RESULTS: All measurements of socioeconomic position were associated with increased prevalent and incident CHD in simple age adjusted models. There was a cumulative effect, on prevalent and incident CHD, of socioeconomic position across the lifecourse. This effect was not fully explained by adult CHD risk factors. The adjusted odds ratio of prevalent CHD for each additional adverse (out of 10) lifecourse socioeconomic indicator was 1.11 (95% confidence interval: 1.06, 1.16). The magnitude of the effect of lifecourse socioeconomic position was the same in women who were lifelong non-smokers as in those who had been or were smokers. CONCLUSION: Adverse socioeconomic position across the lifecourse increases CHD risk cumulatively and this effect is not fully explained by adult risk factors. Specifically in this cohort of women cigarette smoking does not seem to explain the association between adverse lifecourse socioeconomic position and CHD risk. 相似文献