Analysis of Interventional Clinical Research Protocols Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Future Expectations

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID?19) is a newly emerging infectious disease.After its outbreak, researchersstarted a large number of clinical interventional studies, using a variety of interventions to study the different types of COVID?19 cases. In this article, we searched the websites of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, etc., to study the publicly registered research information. Through the classification and summary of interventional methods, evaluation indicators, research design, etc., this article provided readers with the outline of clinical research about COVID?19, and looked forward to the scientificity, feasibility, and future evidence of the clinical researches.     

儿童再发川崎病临床特征分析并文献复习

目的 探讨儿童再发川崎病的发生率、临床特征及冠状动脉病变(CAL)发生情况.方法 选择2010年5月至2019年10月,青岛市妇女儿童医院心脏中心收治的10例再发川崎病患儿为研究对象.回顾性分析这10例患儿的临床病例资料.采用配对t检验、Fisher确切概率法及Wilcoxon符号秩和检验,对10例患儿初发与再发时的临...     

Clinical outcomes,quality of life,and costs evaluation of peritoneal dialysis management models in Shanghai Songjiang District: a multi-center and prospective cohort study

Background: The new Family-Community-Hospital (FCH) three-level comprehensive management aimed to improve the efficiency and scale of peritoneal dialysis (PD) to meet the increased population of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Our study focused on the clinical outcomes, quality of life, and costs evaluation of this model in a multi-center and prospective cohort study.Methods: A total of 190 ESRD patients who commenced PD at Shanghai Songjiang District were enrolled. According to different PD management models, patients were divided into the Family-Community-Hospital three-level management model (n = 90) and the conventional all-course central hospital management model (n = 100). The primary outcome was clinical outcomes of PD. The secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and medical costs evaluation.Results: Compared to conventional management, community-based FCH management achieved a similar dialysis therapeutic effect, including dropout rate (p = 0.366), peritonitis rate (p = 0.965), patient survival (p = 0.441), and technique survival (p = 0.589). Follow-up data showed that similar levels of the renal and peritoneal functions, serum albumin, cholesterol and triglyceride, PTH, serum calcium, and phosphorus between the two groups (all p > 0.05). HRQOL survey showed that the FCH management model helped to improve the psychological status of PD patients, including social functioning (p = 0.006), role-emotional (p = 0.032), and mental health (p = 0.036). FCH management also reduced the hospitalization (p = 0.009) and outpatient visits (p = 0.001) and saved annual hospitalization costs (p = 0.005), outpatient costs (p = 0.026), and transport costs (p = 0.006).Conclusions: Compared with conventional management, community-based FCH management achieved similar outcomes, improved psychological health, reduced medical budgets, and thus had a good social prospect.     

Clinical therapy of platelet-rich plasma vs hyaluronic acid injections in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized double-blind controlled trials

Objective:Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common degenerative disease of the joints caused by articular cartilage injury, degeneration of joint edges and hyperplasia of subchondral bone. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of clinical therapy of platelet-rich plasma vs hyaluronic acid injections in patients with KOA.Methods:We systematically investigated Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for all related articles published through May 2020. Any study was included that compared the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in patients with KOA. The search terms included “platelet-rich plasma,” “PRP,” “hyaluronic acid,” “HA,” “knee,” “osteoarthritis,” “arthritis,” “KOA”. Review Manager 5.3 was used to analyze and calculate data regarding these outcome indicators.Results:In this study,

• 1.Six randomized double-blind controlled trials were included, including 338 patients in the PRP group and 323 patients in the HA group.
• 2.Meta-analysis results showed that the Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Total Score was differed significantly between the PRP and HA groups at the 1, 6, 12 months follow-up (MD = 3.39, 95% CI: 2.85–3.92, P < .05). In a comparison of Physical function scores at the 12 months follow-up, PRP improved knee function scores more than HA (MD = 3.28; 95% CI: 2.13–4.43; P < .05). However, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Tegner Activity scores, EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS), and Adverse Events (AEs) were all not significantly different (P > .05).
• 3.Results showed that compared with HA, PRP had significant advantages in relevant improving knee function and quality of life.

Conclusion:In improving knee function and quality of life, PRP showed superiority over HA in long-term follow-up from well-designed double-blind trials, but a large number of high-quality multi-center studies are still needed to provide more sufficient evidence.     

古医籍中针灸治疗积聚的特点浅析

通过对古医籍中针灸治疗积聚的文献资料进行全面系统的统计、归纳和分析,结果表明:针灸治疗积聚的特点从循经取穴上看多取任脉、肝肾、膀胱、脾胃经穴;从分部取穴上看多取腹部、下肢阴面相关经穴以及背部穴,并重视运用灸法。     

妊娠期视网膜及脉络膜结构的生理及病理变化

妊娠期女性体内激素水平和血流动力学明显改变,可能会导致视网膜和脉络膜厚度增加;但患有妊娠期糖尿病及先兆子痫者,视网膜和脉络膜的厚度相比健康妊娠期女性变薄.重度子痫前期者相比健康妊娠期女性和健康的非妊娠期女性的视网膜和脉络膜增厚.     

Environmental fate and impacts of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems: a review

Wide usage of plastic products leads to the global occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in the aquatic environment. Due to the small size, they can be bio-ingested, which may cause certain health effects. The present review starts with summarizing the main sources of various types of MPs and their occurrences in the aquatic environment, as well as their transportation and degradation pathways. The analysis of migration of MPs in water environments shows that the ultimate fate of most MPs in water environments is cracked into small fragments and sinking into the bottom of the ocean. The advantages and disadvantages of existing methods for detection and analysis of MPs are summarized. In addition, based on recent researches, the present review discusses MPs as carriers of organic pollutants and microorganisms, and explores the specific effects of MPs on aquatic organisms in the case of single and combined pollutants. Finally, by analysing the causes and influencing factors of their trophic transfer, the impact of MPs on high-level trophic organisms is explored.

The sources, fate and impacts of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems.     

TM4B180/− (TM = Hf,Ta, W,Re, Os): new structure construction with TM doped B wheel units

We report the global search for the lowest energy structures of the transition metal (TM) doped B clusters, TM₄B₁₈^0/− (TM = Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os) and their electronic properties. A combination of the comprehensive genetic algorithm (CGA) method with density functional theory (DFT) calculations shows that they are composed of four planar TM@B₉ wheel units by sharing B atoms, except for Os₄B₁₈^0/−, which consists of two types of planar molecular wheels of Os@B₇ and Os@B₈. Among these nanoclusters, it is found that the Ta₄B₁₈ cluster has a closed-shell with a large HOMO–LUMO gap of 2.61 eV. Adaptive natural density partitioning analysis (AdNDP) reveals that the Ta₄B₁₈ cluster has σ antiaromaticity and π aromaticity, i.e., a conflicting aromaticity. The simulated photoelectron spectra (PES) of all anionic clusters are also provided for future experimental investigations.

The lowest energy structure of Ta₄B₁₈ shows a conflicting aromaticity and is assembled from four planar molecular Ta@B₉ units.     

Two-dimension on two-dimension growth: hierarchical Ni0.2Mo0.8N/Fe-doped Ni3N nanosheet array for overall water splitting

Developing advanced electrocatalysts with low cost for electrocatalytic water splitting are highly desirable. Herein, we report the design of two-dimension on two-dimension growth of hierarchical Ni_0.2Mo_0.8N nanosheets on Fe-doped Ni₃N nanosheets supported on Ni foam (Ni_0.2Mo_0.8N/Fe–Ni₃N/NF) via hydrothermal reaction and nitridation treatment. In the hierarchical structures, small Ni_0.2Mo_0.8N nanosheets were uniformly anchored on Fe–Ni₃N nanosheets. Due to enhanced electron transfer between Ni_0.2Mo_0.8N and Fe–Ni₃N, Ni_0.2Mo_0.8N/Fe–Ni₃N/NF exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). After stability tests for 50 h, Ni_0.2Mo_0.8N/Fe–Ni₃N/NF exhibits negligible degradation of the current density for the OER (91% remain) and HER (95% remain), suggesting excellent stability. Owing to the outstanding performance, Ni_0.2Mo_0.8N/Fe–Ni₃N/NF display a cell voltage of 1.54 V (10 mA cm⁻²) for electrocatalytic overall water splitting.

Design of two-dimension on two-dimension growth of hierarchical Ni_0.2Mo_0.8N nanosheets on Fe-doped Ni₃N nanosheets supported on Ni foam.     

Radiation-initiated high strength chitosan/lithium sulfonate double network hydrogel/aerogel with porosity and stability for efficient CO2 capture

Developing efficient and inexpensive CO₂ capture technologies is a significant way to reduce carbon emissions. In this work, a novel chitosan/lithium sulfonate double network high strength hydrogel is synthesized by electron beam radiation. Due to the electron beam having a wide radiation area and certain penetrating power, the free radical polymerization can be initiated more uniformly and quickly in the hydrogel. The network structure of the hydrogel prepared by radiation-initiated polymerization is more uniform than that prepared by conventional chemical initiator-initiated polymerization. Meanwhile, the introduction of the second network to construct the double network structure does not reduce the surface area of the aerogel, which is different from the conventional method of grafting or impregnation modified porous materials. Moreover, the synthesized aerogels have good physical and chemical stability. The freeze-dried aerogels possess a porous structure and CO₂ capture ability due to the CO₂-philic double network structure. Because of the inexpensive raw material and convenient radiation process, this work can reduce the cost of CO₂ adsorbents and has prospects of application in the field of CO₂ solid adsorbents.

Chitosan hydrogel is regenerated from alkali/urea aqueous solution and the lithium sulfonate second network is introduced by electron beam radiation-initiated in situ free radical polymerization. The freeze-dried aerogel has CO₂ capture capacity.