全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23207篇 |
免费 | 2443篇 |
国内免费 | 1566篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 156篇 |
儿科学 | 370篇 |
妇产科学 | 251篇 |
基础医学 | 2914篇 |
口腔科学 | 347篇 |
临床医学 | 3145篇 |
内科学 | 3610篇 |
皮肤病学 | 214篇 |
神经病学 | 1540篇 |
特种医学 | 1043篇 |
外国民族医学 | 20篇 |
外科学 | 2100篇 |
综合类 | 3569篇 |
现状与发展 | 5篇 |
一般理论 | 5篇 |
预防医学 | 1411篇 |
眼科学 | 808篇 |
药学 | 2497篇 |
33篇 | |
中国医学 | 1403篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1775篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 96篇 |
2023年 | 394篇 |
2022年 | 1064篇 |
2021年 | 1312篇 |
2020年 | 981篇 |
2019年 | 857篇 |
2018年 | 905篇 |
2017年 | 734篇 |
2016年 | 733篇 |
2015年 | 1008篇 |
2014年 | 1385篇 |
2013年 | 1124篇 |
2012年 | 1663篇 |
2011年 | 1737篇 |
2010年 | 1068篇 |
2009年 | 910篇 |
2008年 | 1123篇 |
2007年 | 1102篇 |
2006年 | 1177篇 |
2005年 | 1067篇 |
2004年 | 677篇 |
2003年 | 719篇 |
2002年 | 599篇 |
2001年 | 468篇 |
2000年 | 586篇 |
1999年 | 562篇 |
1998年 | 378篇 |
1997年 | 380篇 |
1996年 | 272篇 |
1995年 | 259篇 |
1994年 | 222篇 |
1993年 | 132篇 |
1992年 | 202篇 |
1991年 | 148篇 |
1990年 | 133篇 |
1989年 | 108篇 |
1988年 | 115篇 |
1987年 | 103篇 |
1986年 | 100篇 |
1985年 | 79篇 |
1984年 | 39篇 |
1983年 | 30篇 |
1982年 | 25篇 |
1979年 | 35篇 |
1974年 | 35篇 |
1973年 | 27篇 |
1969年 | 31篇 |
1968年 | 23篇 |
1967年 | 29篇 |
1966年 | 30篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Yue Hou Xiujiang Li Lizhi Yang Chang Liu Hao Wu Ying Xu Fan Yang Yujun Du 《International urology and nephrology》2014,46(8):1645-1649
Objectives
To investigate anxiety, depression, and related factors in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving maintenance hemodialysis and provide a reference for the establishment of a healthier life for such patients.Methods
A total of 81 patients were enrolled in the study. Qualified participants filled out self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and depression self-assessment scale (SDS) questionnaires as well as assessments of health knowledge and health self-efficacy. Linear regression analysis was performed to relate demographic factors, lifestyle habits, and nutrition parameters to SDS and SAS score indices.Results
The mean SAS and SDS score indices for the 81 patients were 52.96 and 46.71, respectively; 56 patients (69.1 %) had a depressive disorder (SDS score ≥ 50), and 31 patients (36.9 %) had anxiety symptoms (SAS score ≥ 50). SAS score index correlated with gender (p < .05) and history of alcohol use (p < .01), whereas SDS score index correlated with administration of erythropoietin (EPO) (p < .05) as well as gender and history of alcohol use.Conclusion
History of alcohol consumption may predict less depressive symptoms and more anxiety among Chinese patients living in a northeastern Chinese city with ESRD. EPO administration may reduce anxiety in patients with ESRD. Female patients were more prone to anxiety, whereas males were more likely to show symptoms of depression. These factors should be evaluated by nephrologists treating patients with ESRD. 相似文献992.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) possesses the capacity to lead to death of C6 glioma in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Ca2+ and K+ homeostasis of C6 glioma cells were affected by PDT. C6 glioma cells were randomly divided into five groups: control group, Hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) group (10 mg/l, without irradiation), PDT group (HpD 10 mg/l + irradiation), PDT&6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) group (HpD 10 mg/l + CNQX 50 mol/l + irradiation), and HpD&CNQX group (HpD 10 mg/l + CNQX 50 mol/l, without irradiation). Glioma cells in PDT and PDT&CNQX group were subjected to PDT. Cells in PDT&CNQX group were administered α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) glutamate receptor antagonist CNQX prior to PDT on C6 glioma cells. The changes of Ca2+ and K+ fluxes were studied by using a non-invasive scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET). Morphology of C6 cells was observed with optical microscopy. PDT induced Ca2+ influx and K+ efflux significantly, which resulted in death of C6 cells. When AMPA glutamate receptor antagonist CNQX was applied, Ca2+ influx and K+ efflux were partly blocked up and viability of C6 cells increased. These results indicate that Ca2+ influx and K+ efflux may correlate with the treatment effects of PDT on C6 glioma cells. 相似文献
993.
994.
Elisabetta Soragni PhD Wenyan Miao PhD Marco Iudicello MD David Jacoby MD Stefania De Mercanti MD Marinella Clerico MD Filomena Longo MD Antonio Piga MD Sherman Ku PhD Erica Campau BS Jintang Du PhD Pablo Penalver PhD Myriam Rai PhD Joseph C. Madara PhD Kristopher Nazor PhD Melinda O'Connor PhD Anton Maximov PhD Jeanne F. Loring PhD Massimo Pandolfo MD Luca Durelli MD Joel M. Gottesfeld PhD James R. Rusche PhD 《Annals of neurology》2014,76(4):489-508
995.
Iraia Bidaurrazaga-Letona Carlos Ayán Iratxe Duñabeitia Izaro Esain Xabier Monasterio Biotz Zulueta Jon Torres-Unda 《Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities》2023,36(4):768-776
Background
Adults with intellectual disabilities often experience mobility limitations. Baduanjin, a mindfulness-based exercise intervention, can exert positive effects on functional mobility and balance. This study examined the impact of Baduanjin on physical functioning and balance of adults with intellectual disabilities.Method
Twenty-nine adults with intellectual disabilities participated in the study. Eighteen received a Baduanjin intervention for 9-months; 11 participants did not receive any intervention (comparison group). Physical functioning and balance were assessed using the short physical performance battery (SPPB) and stabilometry.Results
Participants in the Baduanjin group experienced significant changes in the SPPB walking test (p = .042), chair stand test (p = .015), and SPPB summary score (p = .010). No significant changes between groups were observed in any of the variables assessed at the end of the intervention.Conclusions
Baduanjin practice may cause significant, albeit small, improvements in physical functioning of adults with intellectual disabilities. 相似文献996.
Zhenxiang Zhang Wei Zhu Lixian Zhu Yaqing Du 《European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie》2014,24(6):919-923
The present work was conducted to examine whether celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, 200 mg administered 1 h preoperatively to patients undergoing arthroscopic hip surgery reduces postoperative pain. Fifty-three patients undergoing arthroscopic hip surgery under spinal anesthesia were randomized to receive either 200 mg of celecoxib (Group I) or 200 mg of placebo (Group II) 1 h preoperatively. Narcotic use was monitored for 24 h, and time in recovery room was determined. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores and Short-Form 12 (SF-12), including a physical composite score (PCS) and a mental composite score (MCS), documented pain in recovery, 12 h postoperatively, and 24 h postoperatively. Moreover, time in recovery room was also investigated. We enrolled 27 patients in Group I and 26 patients in Group II. Groups were comparable for patient characteristics. No significant difference was detected in terms of VAS scores and SF-12 in recovery room. Statistically, patients in Group I showed significantly lower pain VAS scores at 12 and 24 h postoperatively. Patients taking celecoxib had significantly higher PCS at 12 and 24 h postoperatively. No difference occurred between groups for the MCS. Patients taking celecoxib also showed a significant reduction in postoperative narcotic consumption. The obtained results from the current study indicate that patients who took celecoxib 200 mg 1 h before arthroscopic hip surgery had a less painful and more rapid recovery. Celecoxib 200 mg as a single preoperative dose could be considered as part of a perioperative analgesic plan in arthroscopic hip surgery. 相似文献
997.
Man Wang Jian-hua Tong De-sheng Huang Gang Zhu Guang-ming Liang Hong Du 《Psychopharmacology》2014,231(14):2811-2818
Rationale and objective
Depression symptoms are now recognized to be the predominant cause of disability for bipolar disorder (BD) patients. The treatment strategies for the depressed phase of BD remain more anecdotal than data-based. Olanzapine has been investigated as an alternative to antidepressants and a mood stabilizer for acute bipolar depression. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of olanzapine monotherapy for bipolar I depression.Method
Sixty-eight patients with bipolar I depression were randomly assigned to treatment with olanzapine (mean final dose 14.4 mg/day) (n?=?34) or placebo (n?=?34) in a double-blind parallel-group study design. Planned assessments included Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale (CGI-S), Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale (CGI-I), Hamilton Depression scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety scale (HAMA), and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS).Results
Of the 68 patients who were randomly assigned, 57 (83.8 %) completed treatments. Improvements in MADRS total score, CGI-S, CGI-I, and HAMD in the olanzapine group were significantly greater relative to those in the placebo group during the 8-week follow-up period (p?<?0.001, p?=?0.0017, p?=?0.007, and p?<?0.001, respectively). Rates of categorical treatment response and remission in the olanzapine group (50.0 % and 35.3 %, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the placebo group (20.6 %, p?=?0.011 and 11.8 %, p?=?0.022, respectively). At the 8-week treatment, the mean weight and the total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly in the olanzapine group (p?=?0.037, p?=?0.029, p?=?0.030, and p?=?0.028, respectively).Conclusions
Olanzapine is effective in the treatment of bipolar I depression but is associated with significant metabolic side effects. 相似文献998.
Jian You Peizun Zhang Fuqiang Hu Yongzhong Du Hong Yuan Jiang Zhu Zuhua Wang Jialin Zhou Chun Li 《Pharmaceutical research》2014,31(3):554-565
Purpose
To develop a near-infrared (NIR) light-sensitive liposome, which contains hollow gold nanospheres (HAuNS) and doxorubicin (DOX), and evaluate their potential utility for enhancing antitumor activity and controlling drug release.Methods
The liposomes (DOX&HAuNS-TSL) were designed based on a thermal sensitive liposome (TSL) formulation, and hydrophobically modified HAuNS were attached onto the membrane of the liposomes. The behavior of DOX release from the liposomes was investigated by the dialysis, diffusion in agarose gel and cellular uptake of the drug. The biodistribution of DOX&HAuNS-TSL was assessed by i.v. injection in tumor-bearing nude mice. Antitumor efficacy was evaluated both histologically using excised tissue and intuitively by measuring the tumor size and weight.Results
Rapid and repetitive DOX release from the liposomes (DOX&HAuNS-TSL), could be readily achieved upon NIR laser irradiation. The treatment of tumor cells with DOX&HAuNS-TSL followed by NIR laser irradiation showed significantly greater cytotoxicity than the treatment with DOX&HAuNS-TSL alone, DOX-TSL alone (chemotherapy alone) and HAuNS-TSL plus NIR laser irradiation (Photothermal ablation, PTA, alone). In vivo antitumor study indicated that the combination of simultaneous photothermal and chemotherapeutic effect mediated by DOX&HAuNS-TSL plus NIR laser presented a significantly higher antitumor efficacy than the PTA alone mediated by HAuNS-TSL plus NIR laser irradiation.Conclusions
Our study could be as the valuable reference and direction for the clinical application of PTA in tumor therapy. 相似文献999.
Qiyong Gong Lingjiang Li Mingying Du William Pettersson-Yeo Nicolas Crossley Xun Yang Jing Li Xiaoqi Huang Andrea Mechelli 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2014,39(3):681-687
Neuroimaging techniques hold the promise that they may one day aid the clinical assessment of individual psychiatric patients. However, the vast majority of studies published so far have been based on average differences between groups. This study employed a multivariate approach to examine the potential of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data for making accurate predictions about psychopathology in survivors of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake at an individual level. Resting-state functional MRI data was acquired for 121 survivors of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake each of whom was assessed for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using the 17-item PTSD Checklist (PCL). Using a multivariate analytical method known as relevance vector regression (RVR), we examined the relationship between resting-state functional MRI data and symptom scores. We found that the use of RVR allowed quantitative prediction of clinical scores with statistically significant accuracy (correlation=0.32, P=0.006; mean squared error=176.88, P=0.001). Accurate prediction was based on functional activation in a number of prefrontal, parietal, and occipital regions. This is the first evidence that neuroimaging techniques may inform the clinical assessment of trauma-exposed individuals by providing an accurate and objective quantitative estimation of psychopathology. Furthermore, the significant contribution of parietal and occipital regions to such estimation challenges the traditional view of PTSD as a disorder specific to the fronto-limbic network. 相似文献
1000.
目的探讨提高肺结核患者肌注链霉素坚持使用率的途径。方法将92例需要肌肉注射链霉素的门诊肺结核患者随机分为研究组和对照组,两组患者分别选择不同的进针深度及进行不同的健康教育方式。结果研究组52例患者链霉素治疗2个月的过程中中断治疗6例,治疗中断率11.5%,有较强疼痛反应感8例,较强疼痛反应感率15.4%;对照组40例患者治疗2个月的过程中中断治疗15例,治疗中断率37.5%,有较强疼痛反应感16例,较强疼痛反应感率40.0%。对照组患者2个月治疗过程中中断治疗率和较强疼痛反应感率明显高于研究组,差异有统计学的意义(χ^2=8.65,P〈0.01;χ^2=7.10,P〈0.01)。结论根据患者臀部皮肤脂肪的厚度选择合适的进针深度,结合有效的健康教育贯穿在整个治疗过程中,可提高肺结核病患者肌注链霉素治疗的坚持使用率。 相似文献