急性淋巴细胞白血病(上)

急性淋巴细胞白血病是淋巴前体细胞异常引起的恶性疾病,儿童与成人均可能发生。儿童发病高峰2～5岁。有效治疗的稳步进展使本病在儿童中的治愈率80％以上,同时为新的治疗方案提供了良机,新方案将保留我们在白血病无病生存病例中获得的治疗经验,同时减轻当前强化治疗方案中的毒副作用。     

亮氨酸脑啡肽的电子结构及构效关系研究

对亮氨酸脑啡肽进行了量子化学(INDO)计算,研究其电子结构特征,讨论其活性部位、作用机理及构效关系。同吗啡和R31833进行了活性部位的电子结构与空间结构比较,推断它们的活性药效结构具有共同特点,与阿片受体相互作用时作用方式相同,作用部位有对应关系,因而具有相同的药理性质。     

Bronchial artery embolization: monitoring with somatosensory evoked potentials. Work in progress

Surgery remains the treatment of choice for massive and recurrent hemoptysis. In some instances, however, immediate surgical intervention is contraindicated. In these situations, bronchial artery embolization (BAE) has proved to be a successful definitive treatment for non-surgical candidates and a palliative therapy in patients requiring hemodynamic stabilization prior to surgery. The most serious complication of BAE is spinal cord ischemia. This relates directly to the potential anastomotic connections between the bronchial circulation and the anterior spinal artery. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) have been used in the past to monitor spinal cord ischemia during procedures that threaten the vascularity of the spinal cord. The authors report two cases in which SSEPs were employed to monitor spinal cord ischemia during bronchial artery embolization.     

Development of antiviral therapy for severe acute respiratory syndrome

A new disease, the severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS), caused by the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), emerged at the beginning of 2003 and rapidly spread throughout the world. Although the disease had disappeared in June 2003 its re-emergence cannot be excluded. The development of vaccines against SARS-CoV may take years. Therefore, the availability of effective antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV may be crucial for the control of future SARS outbreaks. In this review, experimental and clinical data about potential anti-SARS drugs is summarised and discussed. Animal model studies will be needed to help to determine which interventions warrant controlled clinical testing.     

延续性护理在心脏瓣膜置换术患者中的应用效果分析

目的 探讨延续性护理在心脏瓣膜置换术患者中的应用效果.方法 选取2017年1月—2019年1月在四川省德阳市人民医院接受心脏瓣膜置换术治疗的80例瓣膜性心脏病患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组各40例.出院后对照组不进行主动护理,观察组采用延续性护理,对两组患者干预前后服药依从性、生活质量及心功能进行比较分析.结果 出院时两组服药依从性、生活质量及心功能比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),出院后6个月观察组服药依从性、生活质量及心功能均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 延续性护理应用于心脏瓣膜置换术出院患者中可提高患者服药依从性,提升患者生活质量及心功能恢复,值得临床借鉴推广.     

汶川地震后重灾区人群重性抑郁障碍流行病学调查

目的 了解中国汶川5·12地震后重灾区居民的重性抑郁障碍患病率、患者的人口学和社会文化特征及患病相关危险因素.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法随机抽取≥15岁人群14 503人,以一般健康问卷12项(GHQ-12)为筛选工具,采用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查版(SCID-Ⅰ/P)为调查诊断工具.结果 重性抑郁障碍现患180例,时点患病率为1.27%,终生患病率为1.36%;女性(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.136～2.143,P＜0.05)、合并躯体疾病(OR=4.02,95%CI:2.75～5.90,P＜0.05)、地震中受伤(OR=3.29,95%CI:1.92～5.65,P＜0.05)、财产损失(其中10万～20万元OR=2.09,95%CI:1.18～3.69,P＜0.05;＞20万元OR=2.54,95%CI:1.38～4.68,P＜0.05)、家人去世或失踪(OR=3.79,95%CI:2.08～6.89,P＜0.05)以及中年人群(OR=2.31,95%CI:1.38～3.86,P＜0.05)为危险因素.有职业为保护性因素(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.43～0.83,P＜0.05).结论 重性抑郁障碍是目前地震灾区较为多发的精神疾病.     

Zinc deficiency in head and neck cancer patients.

Although a great deal of attention has been given to protein and calorie malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer, zinc status has not been assessed properly in such patients in the past.

In this study we characterized zinc status by cellular zinc criteria and assessed several measures of protein and calorie malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer. We determined prognostic nutritional index (PNI) based on serum albumin, serum transferrin, triceps skin fold measures, and delayed hypersensitivity, as proposed by Buzby et al. In this study, the baseline zinc status and PNI of 60 head and neck cancer patients were correlated with the tumor size and overall stage of the disease.

Our results showed that the tumor size and overall stage correlated significantly to zinc status whereas no correlation was seen with PNI, alcohol intake, or smoking in our study subjects.

We conclude that zinc status is a better indicator of tumor burden and stage of the disease in head and neck cancer patients than the patients' overall nutritional status.