A comparison between naturally occurring macroamylasaemia and macroamylasaemia induced by hydroxyethyl-starch

Macroamylasaemia was produced in vitro by incubation of hydroxyethylstarch with serum, and in vivo by intravenous infusion of hydroxyethylstarch. Gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 revealed distinct differences in molecular size distribution between such hydroxyethylstarch-induced macroamylase and the usual form of naturally occurring macroamylase which was observed in a few patients from our hospital. Further studies demonstrated that the gel filtration elution pattern of amylase activity in serum containing hydroxyethylstarch-induced macroamylase is significantly altered with time in vitro and in vivo, probably because of an enzymatic degradation of the hydroxyethylstarch components of the macromolecular complexes. In a healthy volunteer the serum amylase activity was elevated to a maximum of 797 u/l and the renal clearance rate of amylase was diminished to a minimum of 0.3 ml/min after infusion of 500 ml of a 6% solution of hydroxyethylstarch, as compared to 300 u/l, and 0.95 ml/min, respectively, during the pre-infusion period.     

Studies of circulating hemopoietic progenitor cells in human fetal blood

High levels of committed erythroid and granulocytic/monocytic progenitor cells have been demonstrated in fresh blood obtained at fetoscopy. The fetal progenitor cells were more sensitive to appropriate stimuli (erythropoietin and colony-stimulating factor) than adult progenitor cells grown under the same conditions, and this was shown to be due to intrinsic differences in the progenitor cells at the different developmental stages.     

Exercise effect on contractile properties of skeletal muscle in mouse muscular dystrophy.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a high repetitive exercise program, treadmill running, on the tetanic tension and rate of tension development of the slow twitch soleus muscle of normal plus dystrophic mice and their littermates. The exercise program used would be considered to be of mild intensity since it failed to produce any detectable histochemical or biochemical changes. In the noninvolved normal and littermate mice, there was no difference in maximum tetanic tension between the exercised and nonexercised control groups. In the normal mice (eight weeks of age), there was a significant decrease in rate of tension development for those exercised for five weeks compared to nonexercised controls. In littermate mice (seven weeks old) exercised for a four-week period, there was also a significantly lower rate of tension development compared to their nonexercised controls. In dystrophic mice (seven weeks old) exercised for only one to two weeks, there was significantly lower tension as well as rate of tension developed for the exercised mice when compared to nonexercised dystrophic mice. In dystrophic mice (six weeks old) exercised for one to two weeks, there was no difference in tension or rate of tension development when compared to nonexercised controls. In both six and seven-week-old littermate mice, also exercised for one to two weeks, this reduction in tension and rate of tension development did not occur. The average life span for the dystrophic mice used in this study is about 30 weeks. Of the nine exercised dystrophic mice scheduled for study at eight weeks, only one survived, suggesting that even the mild exercise used might have shortened their life expectancy.     

Platelet concentrates stored for 5 days in a reduced volume of plasma maintain hemostatic function and viability

BACKGROUND: Platelet concentrates prepared from whole blood are generally suspended in a standard volume of 50 to 60 mL of plasma and can be stored thus at 20 to 24 degrees C for up to 5 days. In vitro studies suggested that this plasma volume could be reduced to 30 to 35 mL without impairing platelet function. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This study evaluated whether platelets stored for 5 days in a reduced volume (30-35 mL) of plasma maintained their in vivo viability, hemostatic function, and recovery in recipients. Paired autologous platelet survival studies were done in 20 adult volunteers to assess platelet viability. A rabbit ear bleeding-time model was used to compare the hemostatic effectiveness of human platelet concentrates stored for 5 days in the standard or reduced volume of plasma. Platelet recovery was compared in thrombocytopenic hospital patients. RESULTS: Paired platelet survival studies indicated no significant difference between the values in platelet concentrates stored for 5 days in the reduced volume of plasma and the values in those stored in the standard volume. In the animal model, there was no significant difference in the bleeding times achieved by either set of platelet concentrates. The platelet count increments in thrombocytopenic patients were measured. The platelet count increments in patients who received reduced-volume platelet concentrates were as good as the increments achieved in patients given standard-volume concentrates. CONCLUSION: The in vivo viability, recovery, and hemostatic function of platelets collected in polyvinylchloride plastic containers and stored in 30 to 35 mL of plasma for 5 days are maintained as well as those of platelets stored in 50 to 60 mL of plasma.     

肾综合征出血热合并急性肾衰行血液透析的护理

1 临床资料我科自2001/2003年间对伴有高血容量综合征、高血钾的重型肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)患者52(男41,女11)例,年龄21～69岁,平均41.6岁.采用空心纤维透析器体外肝素透析(出血现象严重者采用无肝素透析器),共透析156次(平均3.0次).治愈47例,治愈率81%.死亡5例.